Each study has a usefulness score out of 100 (rubric version 4.0). Tap a score to see what makes it up.
Highest usefulness score first. Studies without a score come last.
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Cognitive training interventions show to be a potential treatment to ameliorate depression in people with cognitive impairment.
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Studies implementing research methods (30 studies) demonstrated the role of family members as both proxy decision-makers and supporting decision-making for the person with impaired capacity.
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Outpatient PC is associated with benefits among patients with PDRD compared with standard care alone.
Why it matters
In this trial, outpatient palliative care improved quality of life and some other outcomes for patients with Parkinson disease and related disorders compared with standard care. It did not test a treatment for Alzheimer disease itself.
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Knowledge of CPR, MV, TF, and self-efficacy to make EOL treatment decisions increased significantly more in the ACT-Plan group at weeks 4 and 20.
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This study indicates that the cognitive and behavioral efficacies of MeMo, a Web-based training app, can be observed only with regular use of the app.
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Four tools demonstrated some promise, but no single tool was consistent across all psychometric properties assessed.
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A 2-year lifestyle intervention was able to maintain the daily functioning of the at-risk older population.
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There was no significant difference between the two groups in baseline age, sex, illiteracy, years of education, and scores on the K-MMSE, CDR, SNSB-II, and K-MBI.
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In the primary analysis, limiting the level of sedation provided no significant benefit in reducing incident delirium.
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76/100
Systematic cognitive training had no effect on global cognition or HRQoL in community-living persons with mild to moderate dementia.
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Question Does physical exercise training improve physical function and quality of life in people with cognitive impairment and dementia?
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We also determined the extent to which sex, educational attainment, and apolipoprotein E ε4 allele (APOE*4) carrier status were associated with decline.
Why it matters
This collaborative cohort study of 42,170 individuals found that performance on all cognitive measures declined with age, and that associations with sex, education, and apolipoprotein E ε4 carrier status varied across cohorts. It describes rates of age-related cognitive decline and does not report a treatment, cure, or prevention for Alzheimer's disease.
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In a large dementia prevention trial with 6-year follow-up, dropout was associated with older age, poorer cognitive function, symptoms of depression, and disability at baseline.
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Pooling data on over 2.3 million people worldwide, this analysis confirmed that type 2 diabetes raises dementia risk by roughly 60% in both men and women, but the excess risk of vascular dementia specifically was notably higher in women than men.
Why it matters
Type 2 diabetes was linked to about 60% higher dementia risk in both women and men, with a notably higher excess risk of vascular dementia in women. This identifies diabetes as a modifiable risk factor, but the analysis does not show that treating diabetes prevents dementia.
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We did not apply any language or date restrictions to the electronic searches, and we did not use any methodological filters as a method to restrict the search overall.
Why it matters
This meta-analysis examined studies comparing the Mini-Mental State Examination against a clinical reference standard for detecting all-cause dementia and subtypes. It is about diagnostic test accuracy and does not address treating, curing, or preventing Alzheimer's disease.
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Visual speed of processing training delivered on-site or at-home to middle-aged or older adults using standard home computers resulted in stabilization or improvement in several cognitive function tests.
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We identified 24 relevant studies of 7575 patients, including 2860 with lacunar stroke; 24% had MCI or dementia post stroke.
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Our random 20% sample included 848,303 fee-for-service Medicare decedents (mean age, 82.3 years; 57.9% female, 88.1% white).
Why it matters
This study of Medicare beneficiaries found that a lower proportion died in an acute care hospital in 2009 and 2005 compared with 2000, although intensive care unit use and health care transitions in the last month of life increased. It concerns end-of-life care and reports nothing about treating, curing, or preventing Alzheimer's disease.
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The FINGER is at the forefront of international collaborative efforts to solve the clinical and public health problems of early identification of individuals at increased risk of late-life cognitive impairment, and of developing intervention strategies to prevent or delay the onset of cognitive impairment and dementia.
Why it matters
This paper sets out the plan for FINGER, a randomised trial in Finland that enrolled 1200 people at raised dementia risk (CAIDE score ≥6) whose thinking skills were average or slightly below average for their age. One group received a 2-year program of nutritional guidance, exercise, cognitive training and social activity, and management of metabolic and vascular risk factors, while the control group received regular health advice; the main measure is performance on thinking tests. The intervention was still under way when this was written, so the paper reports no results on whether the program helps.
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Our evaluation study suggests that prophylactic treatment with low dose haloperidol in critically ill patients with a high risk for delirium probably has beneficial effects.
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Hippocampal volume loss in first episode depression is consistent with a neurodevelopmental model of depression, advocating hippocampal structure as a potential diagnostic neurobiomarker for depression.
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Main results Two RCTs and one controlled before-and-after study were included (735 participants).
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Observational epidemiological studies have shown a positive association between hypertension and risk of incident dementia; however, the effects of antihypertensive therapy on cognitive function in controlled trials have been conflicting, and meta-analyses of the trials have not provided clear evidence of whether antihypertensive treatment reduces dementia incidence.
Why it matters
In this double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of 3,336 elderly people with high blood pressure (systolic 160–200 mm Hg), treatment lowered systolic pressure by 15 mm Hg more than placebo at 2 years, but the authors concluded it "does not statistically reduce incidence of dementia". Follow-up averaged only 2.2 years because the trial was stopped early, and the authors say the negative result "might have been due to the short follow-up… or the modest effect of treatment". They add that the findings, "when included in a meta-analysis, might support" blood-pressure treatment to reduce dementia.
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Dementia has been increasingly more recognized to be a common feature in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), especially in old age.
Why it matters
This task force developed clinical diagnostic criteria for probable and possible dementia associated with Parkinson's disease, based on a systematic literature review and group consensus. It reports that the incidence of dementia in PD is increased up to six times and point-prevalence is close to 30%, but it does not address treating, curing, or preventing Alzheimer's disease.
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Occupational therapy improved patients' daily functioning and reduced the burden on the care giver, despite the patients' limited learning ability.
Why it matters
In this randomized controlled trial, community occupational therapy improved patients' daily functioning and caregivers' sense of competence compared with controls. The improvement was still significant at three months.
From across this topic
10 of the 7,967 studies in this topic, picked by a fixed rule (a hash of each study's address), not by score or date; each page of this list shows a different 10. The same 10 appear here every time.
- Association between high-density lipoprotein and cognitive impairment in the oldest old
- Exploring healthcare assistants' role and experience in pain assessment and management for people with advanced dementia towards the end of life: a qualitative study
- Dietary Factors and Neurodegenerative Disorders: An Umbrella Review of Meta-Analyses of Prospective Studies
- Cognitive and Psychosocial Effects of Individual Cognitive Stimulation in Dementia: A Randomized Controlled Trial
- Effectiveness of Combined Cognitive and Physical Interventions to Enhance Functioning in Older Adults With Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials
- Development of interventions for the secondary prevention of Alzheimer's dementia: the European Prevention of Alzheimer's Dementia (EPAD) project
- Common hippocampal structural and functional changes in migraine
- End-of-life decisions: a cross-national study of treatment preference discussions and surrogate decision-maker appointments
- Prospective Associations Between Diffusion Tensor Imaging Parameters and Frailty in Older Adults
- Dietary antioxidants and long-term risk of dementia