Each study has a usefulness score out of 100 (rubric version 4.0). Tap a score to see what makes it up.
Highest usefulness score first. Studies without a score come last.
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However, the results of recent studies using semi-immersive virtual reality (VR)-assisted cognitive training are inconsistent.
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Measuring usability and UX in cognitive intervention technologies for older adults with MCI or dementia provides an integrated view that can contribute to their development according to the needs and characteristics of the target population.
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Sleep dysregulation is a feature of dementia but it remains unclear whether sleep duration prior to old age is associated with dementia incidence.
Why it matters
In 7,959 Whitehall II participants followed for 25 years (521 dementia diagnoses), sleeping six hours or less at age 50 or 60 was linked to a higher dementia risk than sleeping 7 hours (hazard ratios 1.22 and 1.37), while the estimate at age 70 was "imprecisely estimated" (1.24, 0.98–1.57). People who slept six hours or less at all three ages had about a 30% higher risk than persistent 7-hour sleepers, even after accounting for "sociodemographic, behavioural, cardiometabolic, and mental health factors". This is an association: it does not show that short sleep causes dementia or that sleeping longer would prevent it.
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However, to replace existing nonpharmaceutical treatment training protocols, VR platforms need significant improvement if they are to appeal to older people with symptoms of cognitive decline and meet their specific needs.
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A distribution-based approach using data included in a systematic review approximated known MCIDs.
Why it matters
This methods paper used data from trials of cognitive-enhancing medications for dementia to estimate the smallest meaningful change on cognitive scales. It does not test a treatment or report new results about preventing or curing Alzheimer disease.
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The search yielded 115 distinctly named non-genetic risk and protective factors with a significant association, with various strengths of evidence.
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Our findings provide a current overview of published PC-interventions in dementia, which followed heterogeneous approaches under the PCC-concept.
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This trial that enlist the support of private enterprises will lead to the creation of new services for dementia prevention as well as to verify the effectiveness of multi-domain interventions for dementia prevention.
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Suboptimal sleep causes cognitive decline and probably accelerates Alzheimer's Disease (AD) progression.
Why it matters
This systematic review of 16 studies with 1,056 participants found that adapted cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia and a structured limbs exercise programme each significantly improved sleep quality, and that suvorexant and melatonin improved certain sleep measures in small studies. The review addresses sleep interventions in mild cognitive impairment and mild dementia, but does not show that improving sleep prevents or slows Alzheimer's disease.
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Decision-making interventions typically consist of multiple components which aim to establish preferences for future health care.
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Future studies are needed to evaluate the benefits and harms of using antibiotics for patients during EOL care in diverse patient populations.
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Healthy cognitive ageing is a societal and public health priority.
Why it matters
In 22,059 healthy UK Biobank participants, people with more cerebrovascular risk factors had worse cognitive abilities. Statistical modelling linked that risk to reduced grey matter and white matter integrity in a fronto-parietal brain network that supports executive function (planning, switching and controlling attention). This is an observational association in people without dementia. It does not show that lowering vascular risk prevents Alzheimer's disease.
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Diet has been hypothesized to be associated with neurodegenerative disorders.
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71/100
Selection criteria We included randomised controlled trials where the participants had PDD or PD-MCI, and where the intervention was intended to train general or specific areas of cognitive function, targeting either a single domain or multiple domains of cognition, and was compared to a control condition.
Why it matters
This review of seven trials with 225 participants found no clear evidence that cognitive training improved global cognition in people with Parkinson's disease dementia or mild cognitive impairment. The evidence was low certainty because of risk of bias, imprecision and the small number of studies and participants.
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Foreign language learning in older age has been proposed as a promising avenue for combatting age-related cognitive decline.
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Nursing home staff benefits from this training in shared decision-making.
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Dementia with Lewy bodies and Parkinson's disease dementia, jointly known as Lewy body dementia, are common neurodegenerative conditions.
Why it matters
This review states that clinical trials and meta-analyses now provide an evidence base for treating cognitive, neuropsychiatric, and motor symptoms in Lewy body dementia, but that treatments can improve one symptom while worsening another and evidence gaps remain. It is about managing symptoms of Lewy body dementia, not curing or preventing Alzheimer's disease.
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High and increasing blood pressure from early adulthood into midlife seems to be associated with increased WMHV and smaller brain volumes at 69-71 years of age.
Why it matters
In this long-term cohort, higher blood pressure and greater increases in blood pressure from early adulthood into midlife were linked to more white matter damage and smaller brain volumes in late life. This suggests that managing blood pressure across adulthood may help protect brain structure, but the study did not test whether treating blood pressure prevents Alzheimer's disease.
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More frequent social contact at age 60 years was associated with lower dementia risk (hazard ratio [HR] for each SD higher social contact frequency = 0.88 [95% CI 0.79, 0.98], p = 0.02); effect size of the association of social contact at 50 or 70 years with dementia was similar (0.92 [95% CI 0.83, 1.02], p = 0.13 and 0.91 [95% CI 0.78, 1.06], p = 0.23, respectively) but not statistically significant.
Why it matters
This 28-year follow-up of the Whitehall II cohort found that more frequent social contact at age 60 was associated with lower dementia risk, and more frequent social contact during midlife was associated with better subsequent cognitive trajectory. It suggests social contact may be linked to lower dementia risk, but the associations at ages 50 and 70 were not statistically significant, and it does not show a treatment or cure.
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All 23 were able to articulate their end-of-life wishes very or somewhat coherently during the SPIRIT session; of those, 14 PWDs had moderate dementia.
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The final cohort included 27 243 nursing home residents with advanced dementia (19 363 [71.1%] women) who died between June 1, 2010, and March 31, 2015, at the median (interquartile range) age of 88 (83-92) years.
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Late-life declines in blood pressure following prolonged hypertension may be associated with poor cognitive outcomes.
Why it matters
In this long-term cohort, people with sustained midlife-to-late-life hypertension, or with midlife hypertension and late-life hypotension, had higher risk of later dementia. It identifies blood pressure patterns as risk factors but does not test whether treating blood pressure prevents dementia.
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The APOE-ε4 allele has long been associated with increased risks of Alzheimer's disease and mortality, but the effect of the less prevalent APOE-ε2 allele on diseases in the elderly and survival remains elusive.
Why it matters
This study combined data from 38,537 people across six population-based cohorts to examine how APOE genotypes, particularly the less common APOE-ε2 allele, relate to survival. The APOE-ε4 allele was already known to increase risks of Alzheimer's disease and mortality, but the effect of APOE-ε2 on diseases in the elderly and survival was less clear.
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A deep learning algorithm based on patient demographic information and longitudinal clinical notes appeared to show promising results in predicting mortality among patients with dementia in different time frames.
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71/100
Selection criteria We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-RCTs in which cognitive training via interactive computerised technology was compared with an active or inactive control intervention.
Why it matters
This review of eight randomized trials with 660 participants found very low-quality evidence, and no trial reported data on incident dementia, so no conclusions could be drawn about whether computerized cognitive training prevents dementia. There was low-quality evidence suggesting probably no effect on speed of processing, verbal fluency or quality of life, so this review does not support computerized cognitive training as a way to prevent dementia.
From across this topic
10 of the 7,967 studies in this topic, picked by a fixed rule (a hash of each study's address), not by score or date; each page of this list shows a different 10. The same 10 appear here every time.
- The Association between Social Engagement, Loneliness, and Risk of Dementia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
- History of depression as a risk factor for dementia: an updated review
- A deep‐learning retinal aging biomarker for cognitive decline and incident dementia
- New VSED Advance Directive: Improved Documentation to Avoid Late-Stage Dementia
- Social Vulnerability and Prevalence and Treatment for Mental Health and Substance Use Disorders
- Measurement of health-related quality of life for people with dementia: development of a new instrument (DEMQOL) and an evaluation of current methodology
- Down syndrome and dementia: a randomized, controlled trial of antioxidant supplementation
- Sexual Activity and Physical Tenderness in Older Adults: Cross-Sectional Prevalence and Associated Characteristics
- Effectiveness of the In-Hospital Information Technology System-Based Delirium Management Intervention Program in Medically Hospitalized Patients with Dementia: A Retrospective Case–Control Study
- Use of artificial intelligence in neurological disorders diagnosis: A scientometric study