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Trajectories of decline in cognition and daily functioning in preclinical dementia
Verlinden VJA, van der Geest JN, de Bruijn RFAG, Hofman A, Koudstaal PJ, Ikram MA.. Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association, 2015-09-09
Topic: Risk, prevention and care in population studies
Introduction Although preclinical dementia is characterized by decline in cognition and daily functioning, little is known on their temporal sequence. We investigated trajectories of cognition and daily functioning in preclinical dementia, during 18 years of follow-up. Methods In 856 dementia cases and 1712 controls, we repetitively assessed cognition and daily functioning with memory complaints, mini-mental state examination (MMSE), instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), and basic activities of daily living (BADL).
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APA 7th
Verlinden, V. J. A., van der Geest, J. N., de Bruijn, R. F. A. G., Hofman, A., Koudstaal, P. J., & Ikram, M. A. (2016). Trajectories of decline in cognition and daily functioning in preclinical dementia. Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jalz.2015.08.001
Vancouver
Verlinden VJA, van der Geest JN, de Bruijn RFAG, Hofman A, Koudstaal PJ, Ikram MA. Trajectories of decline in cognition and daily functioning in preclinical dementia. Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association. 2016. doi:10.1016/j.jalz.2015.08.001. PMID: 26362597.
BibTeX
@article{verlinden2016-26362597,
author = {Verlinden, V. J. A. and van der Geest, J. N. and de Bruijn, R. F. A. G. and Hofman, A. and Koudstaal, P. J. and Ikram, M. A.},
title = {{Trajectories of decline in cognition and daily functioning in preclinical dementia}},
journal = {Alzheimer's \& dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association},
year = {2016},
doi = {10.1016/j.jalz.2015.08.001},
pmid = {26362597},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jalz.2015.08.001}
}
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Key findings
- We investigated trajectories of cognition and daily functioning in preclinical dementia, during 18 years of follow-up.
- Methods In 856 dementia cases and 1712 controls, we repetitively assessed cognition and daily functioning with memory complaints, mini-mental state examination (MMSE), instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), and basic activities of daily living (BADL).
- Results Dementia cases first reported memory complaints 16 years before diagnosis, followed by decline in MMSE, IADL, and finally BADL.
- Vascular dementia related to earlier decline in daily functioning but later in cognition, compared with Alzheimer's disease.
Why it matters
This study followed 856 dementia cases and 1712 controls for 18 years and found that memory complaints appeared about 16 years before diagnosis, followed by decline in cognition and daily functioning. It describes the sequence of changes before dementia is diagnosed and does not test any treatment, cure, or prevention.
Study details
- Evidence strengthLow
How this study scored 46/100
Published in a leading specialty journal. Scored zero for study design, sample size, effect reported, studied in people and randomised / blinded because the record does not state it.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 9 / 10 | Tier 2 — leading specialty journal (Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association) |
| Journal's citation record | 2 / 4 | Alzheimer s & Dementia: journal h-index 228 (OpenAlex, 2026-10-29) |
| Study design | 0 / 12 | No study design recorded — scores zero, not guessed (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Strength of evidence | 1 / 5 | Rated “low” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 1 / 5 | 2016 — within 20 year(s) of the newest study here |
| Sample size | 0 / 4 | Participant count not stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Effect reported | 0 / 3 | No effect size reported — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Studied in people | 0 / 3 | Not stated whether this was studied in people — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Randomised / blinded | 0 / 2 | No randomisation or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Times cited | 5 / 7 | Cited 153 times (OpenAlex, 2026-10-10) |
| Citations per year | 3 / 5 | 12.8 citations a year over 12 year(s) since 2016 |
| Impact for its field and year | 3 / 6 | Cited 5.8× the average for papers of its field and year (OpenAlex FWCI) |
| Cited by studies here | 3 / 6 | Cited by 10 other studies in this library |
| Still being cited | 2 / 4 | Cited 42 times in 2024–2026 (2026 still in progress; OpenAlex) |
| Senior author's track record | 4 / 4 | Last-listed author M. Arfan Ikram: h-index 167 (OpenAlex, whole career) |
| Institution's track record | 1 / 3 | Erasmus MC: institution h-index 1,321 (OpenAlex) |
| Multi-centre collaboration | 0 / 3 | OpenAlex lists 1 institution(s) in 1 country — scores zero (affiliation lists can be incomplete) |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 26362597) |
| Free to read | 0 / 2 | Behind a paywall — scores zero |
| Total | 46 / 100 | — |
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