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The inflammatory profiling in a cohort of older patients suffering from cognitive decline and dementia
Beatrice Arosio, Paolo Dionigi Rossi, Evelyn Ferri, Ernesto Consorti, Simona Ciccone, Tiziano Angelo Lucchi, Nicola Montano. Experimental Gerontology, 2025-01-30
Topic: Risk, prevention and care in population studies
Plain-language summary
During aging, there is a progressive impairment of immune cell function that triggers the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines causing the so-called “inflammaging”. Frailty represents a condition of increased vulnerability to stresses and reduced homeostatic reserve reflecting not only health status but also biological age. In older subjects without dementia, we showed that markers of inflammaging were differently associated with chronological age than with frailty. This study analysed the same markers in older people with cognitive decline and/or dementia. The cohort consisted of 776 community-dwelling older people: 235 patients with mild cognitive impairment, 63 with Alzheimer's disease (AD), 175 with mixed dementia (MD), and 303 subjects without cognitive decline. Plasma concentrations of inflammatory cytokines and peripheral markers of neuroinflammation were analysed by next-generation ELISA. After adjustment for age, sex, frailty, education and Apolipoprotein E genotype, only interleukin-10, interleukin-1β, and neurofilament light chain were associated with the risk for AD and MD. Moreover, interleukin-6 showed a weak association only with AD. Our data showed similar associations between AD and MD, supporting the concept that late-onset dementia is a complex outcome of aging, intimately linked to the individual's health status as well as frailty. • Inflammation is a common feature of aging and age-related diseases as dementia. • Frailty may be a significant predictor of mild cognitive impairment and dementia. • Inflammatory markers associate differently with the risk of late-onset dementia. • Late-onset dementia is a complex outcome of aging deeply linked to frailty status. • The study of frailty in dementia can contribute to targeted diagnostic procedures.
What this study adds
Evidence grade: Moderate
The record lists 235 participants. In this cohort of older people with cognitive decline and dementia, only interleukin-10, interleukin-1β, and neurofilament light chain were associated with the risk for Alzheimer's disease and mixed dementia after adjustment. The findings concern inflammatory markers and do not test any treatment, cure, or prevention.
Taken from this record’s own fields, not from reading the paper. The grade is assigned from the abstract’s wording; what that means.
Cite this study APA, Vancouver, BibTeX · download .bib or .ris
APA 7th
Arosio, B., Rossi, P. D., Ferri, E., Consorti, E., Ciccone, S., Lucchi, T. A., et al. (2025). The inflammatory profiling in a cohort of older patients suffering from cognitive decline and dementia. Experimental Gerontology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exger.2025.112692
Vancouver
Arosio B, Rossi PD, Ferri E, Consorti E, Ciccone S, Lucchi TA, et al. The inflammatory profiling in a cohort of older patients suffering from cognitive decline and dementia. Experimental Gerontology. 2025. doi:10.1016/j.exger.2025.112692. PMID: 39880323.
BibTeX
@article{arosio2025-39880323,
author = {Arosio, Beatrice and Rossi, Paolo Dionigi and Ferri, Evelyn and Consorti, Ernesto and Ciccone, Simona and Lucchi, Tiziano Angelo and Montano, Nicola},
title = {{The inflammatory profiling in a cohort of older patients suffering from cognitive decline and dementia}},
journal = {Experimental Gerontology},
year = {2025},
doi = {10.1016/j.exger.2025.112692},
pmid = {39880323},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exger.2025.112692}
}
Built from the record alzhub holds for this paper, not looked up. Volume, issue and page numbers are not held in the record. The record names 7 authors; APA and Vancouver show the first six, BibTeX and the downloads carry all of them. Check the citation against the original before you use it.
Key findings
- In older subjects without dementia, we showed that markers of inflammaging were differently associated with chronological age than with frailty.
- After adjustment for age, sex, frailty, education and Apolipoprotein E genotype, only interleukin-10, interleukin-1β, and neurofilament light chain were associated with the risk for AD and MD.
- Our data showed similar associations between AD and MD, supporting the concept that late-onset dementia is a complex outcome of aging, intimately linked to the individual's health status as well as frailty. • Inflammation is a common feature of aging and age-related diseases as dementia. • Frailty may be a significant predictor of mild cognitive impairment and dementia. • Inflammatory markers associate differently with the risk of late-onset dementia. • Late-onset dementia is a complex outcome of aging deeply linked to frailty status. • The study of frailty in dementia can contribute to targeted diagnostic procedures.
Why it matters
In this cohort of older people with cognitive decline and dementia, only interleukin-10, interleukin-1β, and neurofilament light chain were associated with the risk for Alzheimer's disease and mixed dementia after adjustment. The findings concern inflammatory markers and do not test any treatment, cure, or prevention.
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Study details
- Participants235
- Evidence strengthModerate
How this study scored 49/100
Published in a peer-reviewed journal. Scored zero for study design, effect reported and randomized / blinded because the record does not state it.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 7 / 10 | Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (Experimental Gerontology) |
| Journal's citation record | 2 / 4 | Experimental Gerontology: journal h-index 195 (OpenAlex, 2026-10-29) |
| Study design | 0 / 12 | No study design recorded — scores zero, not guessed (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Strength of evidence | 3 / 5 | Rated “moderate” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 4 / 5 | 2025 — within 3 year(s) of the newest study here |
| Sample size | 2 / 4 | 235 participants |
| Effect reported | 0 / 3 | No effect size reported — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Studied in people | 3 / 3 | Studied in people (participant count stated) |
| Randomized / blinded | 0 / 2 | No randomization or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Times cited | 2 / 7 | Cited 9 times (OpenAlex, 2026-10-10) |
| Citations per year | 2 / 5 | 3.0 citations a year over 3 year(s) since 2025 |
| Impact for its field and year | 3 / 6 | Cited 5.7× the average for papers of its field and year (OpenAlex FWCI) |
| Cited by studies here | 1 / 6 | Cited by 2 other studies in this library |
| Still being cited | 1 / 4 | Cited 9 times in 2024–2026 (2026 still in progress; OpenAlex) |
| Senior author's track record | 3 / 4 | Last-listed author Nicola Montano: h-index 70 (OpenAlex, whole career) |
| Institution's track record | 1 / 3 | University of Milan: institution h-index 1,023 (OpenAlex) |
| Multicenter collaboration | 1 / 3 | OpenAlex lists 2 institution(s) in 1 country |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 39880323) |
| Free to read | 2 / 2 | Free to read |
| Total | 49 / 100 | — |
What each of these 20 components measures, and what this score is not →
Read the original
- DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2025.112692
- PubMed: 39880323
- Original source →
- Free full text: Experimental Gerontology →
Full text: free to read — OpenAlex lists this copy as free to read: the link above (checked 6 Feb 1020).
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