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56/100

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 56 out of 100. Cognitive tests and assessment

Topic: Risk, prevention and care in population studies

Objective There is evidence that major depression increases the risk for dementia, but there is conflicting evidence as to whether depression may accelerate cognitive decline in dementia. The authors tested the hypothesis that decline in cognitive function over time is more pronounced in patients with dementia with comorbid depression, when compared with patients with dementia without depression history. Design Prospective, longitudinal cohort study of aging.

Cite this study APA, Vancouver, BibTeX · download .bib or .ris

APA 7th

Rapp, M. A., Schnaider-Beeri, M., Wysocki, M., Guerrero-Berroa, E., Grossman, H. T., Heinz, A., et al. (2011). Cognitive decline in patients with dementia as a function of depression. The American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry. https://doi.org/10.1097/jgp.0b013e3181e898d0

Vancouver

Rapp MA, Schnaider-Beeri M, Wysocki M, Guerrero-Berroa E, Grossman HT, Heinz A, et al. Cognitive decline in patients with dementia as a function of depression. The American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry. 2011. doi:10.1097/jgp.0b013e3181e898d0. PMID: 20808140.

BibTeX

@article{rapp2011-20808140,
  author  = {Rapp, M. A. and Schnaider-Beeri, M. and Wysocki, M. and Guerrero-Berroa, E. and Grossman, H. T. and Heinz, A. and Haroutunian, V.},
  title   = {{Cognitive decline in patients with dementia as a function of depression}},
  journal = {The American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry},
  year    = {2011},
  doi     = {10.1097/jgp.0b013e3181e898d0},
  pmid    = {20808140},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1097/jgp.0b013e3181e898d0}
}

Built from the record alzhub holds for this paper, not looked up. Volume, issue and page numbers are not held in the record. The record names 7 authors; APA and Vancouver show the first six, BibTeX and the downloads carry all of them. Check the citation against the original before you use it.

Key findings

The authors tested the hypothesis that decline in cognitive function over time is more pronounced in patients with dementia with comorbid depression, when compared with patients with dementia without depression history.
Design Prospective, longitudinal cohort study of aging.
Participants Three hundred thirteen elderly nursing home residents (mean age at baseline: 86.99 years, standard deviation = 6.7; 83.1% women).
At baseline, 192 residents were diagnosed with dementia, and another 27 developed dementia during follow-up.

Why it matters

This cohort study of 313 elderly nursing home residents tested whether cognitive decline is faster in people with dementia who also have depression. It looks at how depression relates to the course of decline, not at any treatment, cure or prevention.

Study details

Study designcohort study
Effect size83.1%; or = 1.38
Evidence strengthModerate

How this study scored 56/100

Published in a peer-reviewed journal, and it is a cohort study following people over time. Scored zero for sample size, studied in people and randomised / blinded because the record does not state it.

Component	Points	Why
Journal tier	7 / 10	Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (The American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry)
Journal's citation record	2 / 4	American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry: journal h-index 178 (OpenAlex, 2026-10-29)
Study design	7 / 12	A cohort study following people over time
Strength of evidence	3 / 5	Rated “moderate” in our summary
Peer-review validation	10 / 10	Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal.
How recent	1 / 5	2011 — within 20 year(s) of the newest study here
Sample size	0 / 4	Participant count not stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0)
Effect reported	2 / 3	Effect reported as a number, without an interval or test
Studied in people	0 / 3	Not stated whether this was studied in people — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0)
Randomised / blinded	0 / 2	No randomisation or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0)
Times cited	5 / 7	Cited 142 times (OpenAlex, 2026-10-10)
Citations per year	3 / 5	8.4 citations a year over 17 year(s) since 2011
Impact for its field and year	3 / 6	Cited 5.2× the average for papers of its field and year (OpenAlex FWCI)
Cited by studies here	2 / 6	Cited by 4 other studies in this library
Still being cited	2 / 4	Cited 25 times in 2024–2026 (2026 still in progress; OpenAlex)
Senior author's track record	4 / 4	Last-listed author Vahram H. Haroutunian: h-index 107 (OpenAlex, whole career)
Institution's track record	1 / 3	Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai: institution h-index 1,331 (OpenAlex)
Multi-centre collaboration	2 / 3	OpenAlex lists 4 institution(s) in 2 countries
Indexed in PubMed	2 / 2	Indexed in PubMed (PMID 20808140)
Free to read	0 / 2	Behind a paywall — scores zero
Total	56 / 100	—

What each of these 20 components measures, and what this score is not →

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