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Association between use of sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitor and the risk of incident dementia: a population-based cohort study
Zarin Abdullah, Ying Cui, Robert William Platt, Christel Renoux, Laurent Azoulay, Chenjie Xia, Oriana Hoi Yun Yu. BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care, 2025-01-01
Topic: Risk, prevention and care in population studies
Plain-language summary
Among a cohort of 118 006 individuals, the incident rate (IR) of dementia was 0.56/1000 person-years over a median follow-up period of 1.54 years among SGLT-2i users compared with 2.67/1000 person-years in DPP-4i users, over a median follow-up period of 1.79 years. The adjusted HR for SGLT-2i use compared with DPP-4i use for dementia was 0.78 (95% CI 0.55 to 1.12), while for MCI was 0.86 (95% CI 0.80 to 0.92). The age-specific stratified analysis demonstrated the adjusted HR for SGLT-2i use compared with DPP-4i use for the risk of incident dementia among elderly, aged ≥65 years, was 0.50 (95% CI 0.31 to 0.80). Primary findings did not yield conclusive evidence to infer an association between SGLT-2i use and the risk of incident dementia.
What this study adds
Evidence grade: Moderate
This is a follow-up (cohort) study. Comparing SGLT-2i users with DPP-4i users, the study found no conclusive evidence of an association between SGLT-2i use and incident dementia overall. A lower risk was seen in the subgroup aged 65 and older, but the authors state the primary findings do not allow a firm conclusion.
Taken from this record’s own fields, not from reading the paper. The grade is assigned from the abstract’s wording; what that means.
Cite this study APA, Vancouver, BibTeX · download .bib or .ris
APA 7th
Abdullah, Z., Cui, Y., Platt, R. W., Renoux, C., Azoulay, L., Xia, C., et al. (2025). Association between use of sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitor and the risk of incident dementia: a population-based cohort study. BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjdrc-2024-004541
Vancouver
Abdullah Z, Cui Y, Platt RW, Renoux C, Azoulay L, Xia C, et al. Association between use of sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitor and the risk of incident dementia: a population-based cohort study. BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care. 2025. doi:10.1136/bmjdrc-2024-004541. PMID: 39842866.
BibTeX
@article{abdullah2025-39842866,
author = {Abdullah, Zarin and Cui, Ying and Platt, Robert William and Renoux, Christel and Azoulay, Laurent and Xia, Chenjie and Yu, Oriana Hoi Yun},
title = {{Association between use of sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitor and the risk of incident dementia: a population-based cohort study}},
journal = {BMJ Open Diabetes Research \& Care},
year = {2025},
doi = {10.1136/bmjdrc-2024-004541},
pmid = {39842866},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjdrc-2024-004541}
}
Built from the record alzhub holds for this paper, not looked up. Volume, issue and page numbers are not held in the record. The record names 7 authors; APA and Vancouver show the first six, BibTeX and the downloads carry all of them. Check the citation against the original before you use it.
Key findings
- Among a cohort of 118 006 individuals, the incident rate (IR) of dementia was 0.56/1000 person-years over a median follow-up period of 1.54 years among SGLT-2i users compared with 2.67/1000 person-years in DPP-4i users, over a median follow-up period of 1.79 years.
- The adjusted HR for SGLT-2i use compared with DPP-4i use for dementia was 0.78 (95% CI 0.55 to 1.12), while for MCI was 0.86 (95% CI 0.80 to 0.92).
- The age-specific stratified analysis demonstrated the adjusted HR for SGLT-2i use compared with DPP-4i use for the risk of incident dementia among elderly, aged ≥65 years, was 0.50 (95% CI 0.31 to 0.80).
- Primary findings did not yield conclusive evidence to infer an association between SGLT-2i use and the risk of incident dementia.
Why it matters
Comparing SGLT-2i users with DPP-4i users, the study found no conclusive evidence of an association between SGLT-2i use and incident dementia overall. A lower risk was seen in the subgroup aged 65 and older, but the authors state the primary findings do not allow a firm conclusion.
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Study details
- Study designcohort study
- Evidence strengthModerate
How this study scored 49/100
Published in a peer-reviewed journal, and it is a cohort study following people over time. Scored zero for sample size, effect reported, studied in people and randomized / blinded because the record does not state it.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 7 / 10 | Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care) |
| Journal's citation record | 1 / 4 | BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care: journal h-index 85 (OpenAlex, 2026-10-29) |
| Study design | 7 / 12 | A cohort study following people over time |
| Strength of evidence | 3 / 5 | Rated “moderate” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 4 / 5 | 2025 — within 3 year(s) of the newest study here |
| Sample size | 0 / 4 | Participant count not stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Effect reported | 0 / 3 | No effect size reported — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Studied in people | 0 / 3 | Not stated whether this was studied in people — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Randomized / blinded | 0 / 2 | No randomization or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Times cited | 2 / 7 | Cited 11 times (OpenAlex, 2026-10-10) |
| Citations per year | 2 / 5 | 3.7 citations a year over 3 year(s) since 2025 |
| Impact for its field and year | 3 / 6 | Cited 6.7× the average for papers of its field and year (OpenAlex FWCI) |
| Cited by studies here | 1 / 6 | Cited by 2 other studies in this library |
| Still being cited | 1 / 4 | Cited 11 times in 2024–2026 (2026 still in progress; OpenAlex) |
| Senior author's track record | 2 / 4 | Last-listed author Oriana Hoi Yun Yu: h-index 35 (OpenAlex, whole career) |
| Institution's track record | 1 / 3 | McGill University: institution h-index 1,373 (OpenAlex) |
| Multicenter collaboration | 1 / 3 | OpenAlex lists 2 institution(s) in 1 country |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 39842866) |
| Free to read | 2 / 2 | Free to read |
| Total | 49 / 100 | — |
What each of these 20 components measures, and what this score is not →
Read the original
- DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2024-004541
- PubMed: 39842866
- Original source →
- Free full text: BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care →
Full text: free to read — OpenAlex lists this copy as free to read: the link above (checked 6 Feb 1020).
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