Each study has a usefulness score out of 100 (rubric version 4.0). Tap a score to see what makes it up.
Highest usefulness score first. Studies without a score come last.
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Transferring a lifestyle intervention from a trial-setting to real life requires knowledge about the factors that influence effective implementation.
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A 6-week robot-assisted, multi-domain cognitive training program can improve the efficiency of global cognitive function and depression during cognitive tasks in older adults with MCI, which is associated with improvements in memory and executive function.
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27-OH appears to be a marker not only for dementia/AD risk, but also for monitoring the effects of preventive interventions on cholesterol metabolism.
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Patients possessed above risk factors might be high-risk patients.
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A 28% increase in CSF DHA and 43% increase in CSF EPA were observed in the DHA treatment arm compared to placebo (mean difference for DHA (95% CI): 0.08 µg/mL (0.05, 0.10), p<0.0001; mean difference for EPA: 0.008 µg/mL (0.004, 0.011), p<0.0001).
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The results obtained will provide information on the applicability of these multidomain intervention programs to at-risk elderly people.
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78/100
There was no evidence that aspirin was effective in reducing risk of dementia, MCI, or cognitive decline.
Why it matters
In ASPREE, a double-blind trial that randomly assigned 19,114 healthy adults aged 70 or older (65+ for US minorities) in the US and Australia to 100 mg of aspirin daily or a placebo, there was "no substantial difference" between the groups in dementia, probable Alzheimer's disease or mild cognitive impairment over a median 4.7 years (probable AD: hazard ratio 0.96, 95% CI 0.74–1.24). The authors rate this as Class II evidence that low-dose aspirin does not significantly lower these risks in healthy older people. It does not show that aspirin causes harm, and it does not apply to people with heart disease or existing dementia. The authors note that follow-up is still ongoing.
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We present a range of trigger tools spanning different hospital settings and patient populations.
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This pilot study showed that functional tasks exercise using simulated functional tasks as a means of combined cognitive and exercise program is feasible and beneficial in improving the memory and functional status of older adults with mild cognitive impairment as well as reducing the care-related burdens of their caregivers.
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This meta-analysis provides evidence that CCT improves cognitive function in older people with MCI.
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Among older adults without cognitive impairment or dementia, both an unfavorable lifestyle and high genetic risk were significantly associated with higher dementia risk.
Why it matters
In a cohort of 196,383 older adults without dementia, followed for a median of 8 years, both high genetic risk and an unfavourable lifestyle were associated with more dementia. Among people at high genetic risk, 1.13% of those with a favourable lifestyle developed dementia, against 1.78% with an unfavourable one (hazard ratio 0.68). The study is observational and did not test changing anyone's lifestyle. It shows an association, not proof that a healthy lifestyle prevents dementia.
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The possibilities of computer-based cognitive training (CCT) in postponing the onset of dementia are currently unclear, but promising.
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Better alignment between preferences for comfort-focused care and advance directives is needed in advanced dementia.
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A moderate to high intensity aerobic and strength exercise training programme does not slow cognitive impairment in people with mild to moderate dementia.
Why it matters
This large randomized trial tested a moderate to high intensity aerobic and strength exercise programme in 494 people with mild to moderate dementia. The study did not find that the exercise programme improved cognitive outcomes, so it does not support exercise training as a treatment to slow dementia in this group.
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MRI features of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD), i.e. white matter hyperintensities, lacunes, microbleeds, perivascular spaces, and cerebral atrophy, may be associated with clinical events, but the strength of these associations remains unclear.
Why it matters
Pooling 28 studies on dementia (16,458 people) and up to 36 on stroke, this review found that common brain MRI signs of small vessel disease (white matter hyperintensities, lacunes, microbleeds and atrophy) were each linked to later stroke, all-cause dementia, depression and death (hazard ratios 1.22-2.72), with combinations of two signs more strongly linked to stroke. Perivascular spaces had too few studies to pool. The authors note these are associations: only "if these associations are causal" would a substantial share of disease be attributable to small vessel disease.
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The review found that withdrawal of preventive medicines at the end of life is challenging.
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Most proxies select comfort as the preferred level of care for NH residents with advanced dementia.
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Sleep disturbances and dementia are two common and significant health problems in older adults.
Why it matters
Pooling 18 long-term studies of 246,786 people, this review found that people who reported sleep problems were more likely to develop dementia later, including Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia. Insomnia was linked only to Alzheimer's disease, while sleep-disordered breathing was linked to all three outcomes. Sleep was mostly self-reported and confounding could not be ruled out, so this shows a link that can help flag risk, not proof that sleep problems cause dementia or that treating them prevents it.
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Obesity has been linked to cognitive impairment, cognitive decline and dementia.
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Residents' mean age was 86.5 years, 39 (12.9%) were African American, and 246 (81.5%) were women.
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Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a complex disorder characterised by a broad range of clinical manifestations, differential pathological signatures, and genetic variability.
Why it matters
This genetic study found new gene regions linked to frontotemporal dementia, pointing to immune system processes and possibly lysosomal and autophagy pathways. The authors state these findings need to be replicated, so no treatment or prevention follows yet.
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Physicians have a responsibility to recognize caregiver burden.
Why it matters
This clinical review identifies who is most at risk for caregiver burden and reviews which interventions help. Support groups and psychoeducational interventions for dementia caregivers showed only mild-to-modest efficacy.
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An intervention with MedDiets enhanced with either EVOO or nuts appears to improve cognition compared with a low-fat diet.
Why it matters
In this randomised trial of 522 participants at high vascular risk, those allocated to a Mediterranean diet supplemented with extra-virgin olive oil showed higher mean Mini-Mental State Examination and Clock Drawing Test scores after 6.5 years compared with a low-fat control diet. It reports an effect on cognitive test scores, not a treatment or cure for Alzheimer's disease.
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Participants had a mean age of 73.4 years; 62.7% were women, and 34.9% were Hispanic or nonwhite.
Why it matters
In this 12-week trial of 126 inactive older adults with cognitive complaints, global cognitive scores improved significantly over time in all groups, but there were no significant differences between the groups. This means the study did not show that combining physical and mental activity produced better cognitive results than either alone.
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Dementia represents a substantial financial burden on society, one that is similar to the financial burden of heart disease and cancer.
Why it matters
This study estimated that dementia affected 14.7% of Americans over 70 in 2010 and cost between $157 billion and $215 billion yearly. It measures the economic burden of dementia but does not treat, cure or prevent it.
From across this topic
10 of the 7,967 studies in this topic, picked by a fixed rule (a hash of each study's address), not by score or date; each page of this list shows a different 10. The same 10 appear here every time.
- American Geriatrics Society and National Institute on Aging Bench-to-Bedside Conference: Sensory Impairment and Cognitive Decline in Older Adults
- 159 Geographic Accessibility and Capacity of Day Care Services for People with Dementia
- Genetic Correlates of Presenile Dementia and Cognitive Decline in the Armenian Population Following COVID-19: A Case-Control Study
- Delirium: an urgent health priority in Australian hospitals
- CogChamps: impact of a project to educate nurses about delirium and improve the quality of care for hospitalized patients with cognitive impairment
- Prevalence and pattern of cognitive impairment in rural and urban populations from Northern Portugal
- Epidemiology of Vascular Dementia
- The integration of frailty into clinical practice: preliminary results from the Gérontopôle
- Defining the human hippocampus in cerebral magnetic resonance images--an overview of current segmentation protocols
- Prevalence of use and characteristics of users of home‐based medical care in Medicare Advantage