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Olfaction, Cognitive Impairment, and PET Biomarkers in Community-Dwelling Older Adults
Tian Q, Bilgel M, Moghekar AR, Ferrucci L, Resnick SM.. Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD, 2022-01-01
Topic: Risk, prevention and care in population studies
Background Olfactory deficits are early features of preclinical Alzheimer's disease (AD). Whether olfaction is associated with PET biomarkers among community-dwelling older adults is less clear. Objective Investigate cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of olfaction with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau deposition. Methods We analyzed 364 initially cognitively normal participants (58% women, 24% black) who had baseline olfaction data and subsequent cognitive assessments during an average 2.4-year. A subset of 129 had PET-PiB (Aβ) (n = 72 repeated) and 105 had 18F-flortaucipir (FTP)-PET (tau) (n = 44 repeated). Olfaction was measured using a 16-item Sniffin' Sticks Odor Identification Test. The association of olfaction with incident MCI was examined using Cox regression. Associations with PiB-distribution volume ratio (DVR) and FTP-standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR) were examined using partial correlation. We tested whether PiB+/-status modified these associations. Analyses were adjusted for demographics and olfactory test version. Results 17 (5%) participants developed MCI. Each unit lower odor identification score was associated with 22% higher risk of developing MCI (p = 0.04). In the PET subset, lower scores were associated with higher mean cortical DVR and DVR in orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), precuneus, and middle temporal gyrus (p≤0.04). The "olfaction*PiB+/-" interaction in OFC DVR was significant (p = 0.03), indicating the association was limited to PiB positive individuals. Greater decline in odor identification score was associated with greater increase in anterior OFC DVR and entorhinal tau SUVR (p≤0.03). Conclusion Among community-dwelling older adults, poorer olfaction predicts incident MCI and is associated with overall and regional Aβ. Greater olfaction decline is associated with faster Aβ and tau accumulation in olfaction-related regions. Whether olfaction predicts AD-related neurodegenerative changes warrants further investigations.
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APA 7th
Tian, Q., Bilgel, M., Moghekar, A. R., Ferrucci, L., & Resnick, S. M. (2022). Olfaction, Cognitive Impairment, and PET Biomarkers in Community-Dwelling Older Adults. Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD. https://doi.org/10.3233/jad-210636
Vancouver
Tian Q, Bilgel M, Moghekar AR, Ferrucci L, Resnick SM. Olfaction, Cognitive Impairment, and PET Biomarkers in Community-Dwelling Older Adults. Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD. 2022. doi:10.3233/jad-210636. PMID: 35180111.
BibTeX
@article{tian2022-35180111,
author = {Tian, Q. and Bilgel, M. and Moghekar, A. R. and Ferrucci, L. and Resnick, S. M.},
title = {{Olfaction, Cognitive Impairment, and PET Biomarkers in Community-Dwelling Older Adults}},
journal = {Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD},
year = {2022},
doi = {10.3233/jad-210636},
pmid = {35180111},
url = {https://doi.org/10.3233/jad-210636}
}
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Key findings
- Whether olfaction is associated with PET biomarkers among community-dwelling older adults is less clear.
- Results 17 (5%) participants developed MCI.
- Each unit lower odor identification score was associated with 22% higher risk of developing MCI (p = 0.04).
- In the PET subset, lower scores were associated with higher mean cortical DVR and DVR in orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), precuneus, and middle temporal gyrus (p≤0.04).
- The "olfaction*PiB+/-" interaction in OFC DVR was significant (p = 0.03), indicating the association was limited to PiB positive individuals.
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Study details
- Study designcross-sectional
- Participants72
- Evidence strengthModerate
How this study scored 57/100
Published in a peer-reviewed journal, and it is a snapshot of people at one point in time. Scored zero for effect reported and randomised / blinded because the record does not state it. We have no data on journal's citation record, times cited, citations per year, impact for its field and year, cited by studies here, still being cited, senior author's track record, institution's track record and multi-centre collaboration, so those were left out: it earned 33 of the 58 points we could judge it on, which is 57 out of 100.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 7 / 10 | Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD) |
| Journal's citation record | — / 4 | No journal record from OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Study design | 4 / 12 | A snapshot of people at one point in time |
| Strength of evidence | 3 / 5 | Rated “moderate” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 3 / 5 | 2022 — within 6 year(s) of the newest study here |
| Sample size | 1 / 4 | 72 participants |
| Effect reported | 0 / 3 | No effect size reported — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Studied in people | 3 / 3 | Studied in people (participant count stated) |
| Randomised / blinded | 0 / 2 | No randomisation or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Times cited | — / 7 | No citation count (not found in OpenAlex) — left out of this score |
| Citations per year | — / 5 | No citation count or no year — left out of this score |
| Impact for its field and year | — / 6 | No field-weighted citation impact (OpenAlex has none yet) — left out of this score |
| Cited by studies here | — / 6 | Not yet checked against this library's citation graph — left out of this score |
| Still being cited | — / 4 | No yearly citation counts — left out of this score |
| Senior author's track record | — / 4 | Senior author's record not available — left out of this score |
| Institution's track record | — / 3 | No institution listed in OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Multi-centre collaboration | — / 3 | Institutions not listed — left out of this score |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 35180111) |
| Free to read | 0 / 2 | Behind a paywall — scores zero |
| Points | 33 / 58 | Scored on 11 of 20 parts. We have no data for the rest, so they are left out: 33 of the 58 points we could judge it on is 57 out of 100. |
| Total | 57 / 100 | — |
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