Home › Research › Risk factors
Modifiable risk factors for stroke, dementia and late-life depression: a systematic review and DALY-weighted risk factors for a composite outcome
Jasper Senff, Reinier Willem Pieter Tack, Akashleena Mallick, Leidys Gutierrez-Martinez, Jonathan Duskin, Tamara N Kimball, Benjamin Y Q Tan, Zeina N Chemali et al.. Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry, 2025-05-14
Topic: Health services, long-term care and technology
Our search yielded 182 meta-analyses meeting the inclusion criteria, of which 59 were selected to calculate DALY-weighted risk factors for a composite outcome. Identified risk factors included alcohol (normalised β-coefficient highest category: -34), blood pressure (130), body mass index (70), fasting plasma glucose (94), total cholesterol (22), leisure time cognitive activity (-91), depressive symptoms (57), diet (51), hearing loss (60), kidney function (101), pain (42), physical activity (-56), purpose in life (-50), sleep (76), smoking (91), social engagement (53) and stress (55). This study identified overlapping modifiable risk factors and calculated the relative impact of these factors on the risk of a composite outcome of stroke, dementia and LLD. These findings could guide preventative strategies and serve as an empirical foundation for future development of tools that can empower people to reduce their risk of these diseases. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42023476939.
Cite this study APA, Vancouver, BibTeX · download .bib or .ris
APA 7th
Senff, J., Tack, R. W. P., Mallick, A., Gutierrez-Martinez, L., Duskin, J., Kimball, T. N., et al. (2025). Modifiable risk factors for stroke, dementia and late-life depression: a systematic review and DALY-weighted risk factors for a composite outcome. Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry. https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2024-334925
Vancouver
Senff J, Tack RWP, Mallick A, Gutierrez-Martinez L, Duskin J, Kimball TN, et al. Modifiable risk factors for stroke, dementia and late-life depression: a systematic review and DALY-weighted risk factors for a composite outcome. Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry. 2025. doi:10.1136/jnnp-2024-334925. PMID: 40180437.
BibTeX
@article{senff2025-40180437,
author = {Senff, Jasper and Tack, Reinier Willem Pieter and Mallick, Akashleena and Gutierrez-Martinez, Leidys and Duskin, Jonathan and Kimball, Tamara N and Tan, Benjamin Y Q and Chemali, Zeina N and others},
title = {{Modifiable risk factors for stroke, dementia and late-life depression: a systematic review and DALY-weighted risk factors for a composite outcome}},
journal = {Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry},
year = {2025},
doi = {10.1136/jnnp-2024-334925},
pmid = {40180437},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2024-334925}
}
Built from the record alzhub holds for this paper, not looked up. Volume, issue and page numbers are not held in the record. The record's author list ends in “et al.”, so not every author is named. Check the citation against the original before you use it.
Key findings
- Our search yielded 182 meta-analyses meeting the inclusion criteria, of which 59 were selected to calculate DALY-weighted risk factors for a composite outcome.
- Identified risk factors included alcohol (normalised β-coefficient highest category: -34), blood pressure (130), body mass index (70), fasting plasma glucose (94), total cholesterol (22), leisure time cognitive activity (-91), depressive symptoms (57), diet (51), hearing loss (60), kidney function (101), pain (42), physical activity (-56), purpose in life (-50), sleep (76), smoking (91), social engagement (53) and stress (55).
- This study identified overlapping modifiable risk factors and calculated the relative impact of these factors on the risk of a composite outcome of stroke, dementia and LLD.
- These findings could guide preventative strategies and serve as an empirical foundation for future development of tools that can empower people to reduce their risk of these diseases.
- PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42023476939.
New to this subject? Start with our plain-English guide: Risk factors, ranked →
Study details
- Study designmeta-analysis
- Evidence strengthHigh
How this study scored 71/100
Published in a peer-reviewed journal, and it is a meta-analysis pooling many studies. Scored zero for sample size, effect reported and studied in people because the record does not state it. We have no data on journal's citation record, times cited, citations per year, impact for its field and year, cited by studies here, still being cited, senior author's track record, institution's track record, multi-centre collaboration and free to read, so those were left out: it earned 40 of the 56 points we could judge it on, which is 71 out of 100.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 7 / 10 | Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry) |
| Journal's citation record | — / 4 | No journal record from OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Study design | 12 / 12 | A meta-analysis pooling many studies |
| Strength of evidence | 5 / 5 | Rated “high” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 4 / 5 | 2025 — within 3 year(s) of the newest study here |
| Sample size | 0 / 4 | Participant count not stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Effect reported | 0 / 3 | No effect size reported — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Studied in people | 0 / 3 | Not stated whether this was studied in people — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Randomised / blinded | 0 / 2 | A review of other studies — randomisation is not credited here |
| Times cited | — / 7 | No citation count (not found in OpenAlex) — left out of this score |
| Citations per year | — / 5 | No citation count or no year — left out of this score |
| Impact for its field and year | — / 6 | No field-weighted citation impact (OpenAlex has none yet) — left out of this score |
| Cited by studies here | — / 6 | Not yet checked against this library's citation graph — left out of this score |
| Still being cited | — / 4 | No yearly citation counts — left out of this score |
| Senior author's track record | — / 4 | Senior author's record not available — left out of this score |
| Institution's track record | — / 3 | No institution listed in OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Multi-centre collaboration | — / 3 | Institutions not listed — left out of this score |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 40180437) |
| Free to read | — / 2 | Access not recorded — left out of this score |
| Points | 40 / 56 | Scored on 10 of 20 parts. We have no data for the rest, so they are left out: 40 of the 56 points we could judge it on is 71 out of 100. |
| Total | 71 / 100 | — |
What each of these 20 components measures, and what this score is not →
Read the original
Free copy unknown: no free-copy check has an answer for this record yet. That does not mean it is paywalled.
Related
Studies in the library that share something with this one. The line above each title says what.
Related studies in Risk factors
Also tagged “metabolic-syndrome”
304 studies in the library carry the topic tag “metabolic-syndrome”; these are this study's neighbours in a fixed, alphabetical-by-hash tour of them, not the closest in content. All 304 tagged studies.