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56/100

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 56 out of 100. Risk factors

Topic: Risk, prevention and care in population studies

We found significant impacts of hypertension, diabetes and their comorbidity on cognitive impairment occurrence. The OR values for dementia were 1.18 for individuals with hypertension only, 1.26 for those with diabetes only, and 1.53 for those with HD. Compared to participants without hypertension and diabetes, the OR values for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) were 1.11 for individuals with hypertension only, 1.32 for those with diabetes only, and 1.27 for those with HD. For subjects with HD longer than 5 years, the comorbidity significantly impacted on MCI and dementia, and the degree of impact increased with the duration of comorbidity. For hypertension, the influence of hypertension on dementia were most influential in middle-aged (45-64 years old) people. By contrast, the influence of diabetes on people younger than 45-year-old was most significant, with the middle-age group being the second most impacted subjects. The elderly with HD have a heightened risk of developing cognitive impairment, particularly dementia, compared to those with either hypertension or diabetes alone. The study revealed a significant cumulative impact of HD on cognitive impairment.

Cite this study APA, Vancouver, BibTeX · download .bib or .ris

APA 7th

Wu, J., Yin, X., Ji, W., Liu, Y., Tang, J. P., Zhang, H., et al. (2025). Hypertension and diabetes on cognitive impairment: a case–control study in China. Alzheimer s Research & Therapy. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13195-025-01761-3

Vancouver

Wu J, Yin X, Ji W, Liu Y, Tang JP, Zhang H, et al. Hypertension and diabetes on cognitive impairment: a case–control study in China. Alzheimer s Research & Therapy. 2025. doi:10.1186/s13195-025-01761-3. PMID: 40448207.

BibTeX

@article{wu2025-40448207,
  author  = {Wu, Jing and Yin, Xiangjun and Ji, Weiqiang and Liu, Yang and Tang, Jing Ping and Zhang, Han and Qi, Shige and Li, Jie and others},
  title   = {{Hypertension and diabetes on cognitive impairment: a case–control study in China}},
  journal = {Alzheimer s Research \& Therapy},
  year    = {2025},
  doi     = {10.1186/s13195-025-01761-3},
  pmid    = {40448207},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1186/s13195-025-01761-3}
}

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Key findings

We found significant impacts of hypertension, diabetes and their comorbidity on cognitive impairment occurrence.
The OR values for dementia were 1.18 for individuals with hypertension only, 1.26 for those with diabetes only, and 1.53 for those with HD.
Compared to participants without hypertension and diabetes, the OR values for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) were 1.11 for individuals with hypertension only, 1.32 for those with diabetes only, and 1.27 for those with HD.
For subjects with HD longer than 5 years, the comorbidity significantly impacted on MCI and dementia, and the degree of impact increased with the duration of comorbidity.
For hypertension, the influence of hypertension on dementia were most influential in middle-aged (45-64 years old) people.

Why it matters

This case-control study in China found that hypertension, diabetes, and their comorbidity were associated with higher odds of cognitive impairment, with the strongest effects for dementia in people with both conditions and longer duration of comorbidity. It shows an association between these conditions and cognitive impairment, not that treating them prevents or cures Alzheimer's disease.

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Study details

Study designcase-control study
Participants40,103
Evidence strengthModerate

How this study scored 56/100

Published in a peer-reviewed journal, and it is a case-control study. Scored zero for effect reported and randomised / blinded because the record does not state it. We have no data on senior author's track record, so that was left out: it earned 54 of the 96 points we could judge it on, which is 56 out of 100.

Component	Points	Why
Journal tier	7 / 10	Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (Alzheimer s Research & Therapy)
Journal's citation record	1 / 4	Alzheimer s Research & Therapy: journal h-index 146 (OpenAlex, 2026-10-29)
Study design	6 / 12	A case-control study
Strength of evidence	3 / 5	Rated “moderate” in our summary
Peer-review validation	10 / 10	Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal.
How recent	4 / 5	2025 — within 3 year(s) of the newest study here
Sample size	4 / 4	40,103 participants
Effect reported	0 / 3	No effect size reported — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0)
Studied in people	3 / 3	Studied in people (participant count stated)
Randomised / blinded	0 / 2	No randomisation or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0)
Times cited	2 / 7	Cited 10 times (OpenAlex, 2026-10-10)
Citations per year	2 / 5	3.3 citations a year over 3 year(s) since 2025
Impact for its field and year	3 / 6	Cited 6.4× the average for papers of its field and year (OpenAlex FWCI)
Cited by studies here	0 / 6	No other study in this library cites it
Still being cited	1 / 4	Cited 10 times in 2024–2026 (2026 still in progress; OpenAlex)
Senior author's track record	— / 4	Senior author's record not available — left out of this score
Institution's track record	2 / 3	Chinese Academy of Sciences: institution h-index 1,801 (OpenAlex)
Multi-centre collaboration	2 / 3	OpenAlex lists 8 institution(s) in 1 country
Indexed in PubMed	2 / 2	Indexed in PubMed (PMID 40448207)
Free to read	2 / 2	Free to read
Points	54 / 96	Scored on 19 of 20 parts. We have no data for the rest, so they are left out: 54 of the 96 points we could judge it on is 56 out of 100.
Total	56 / 100	—

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