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Cerebral microvascular endothelium and the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases
Grammas P, Martinez J, Miller B.. Expert reviews in molecular medicine, 2011-06-10
Topic: Brain proteins, microglia and lab models
Diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) pose a significant health challenge, but despite their diversity, they share many common features and mechanisms. For example, endothelial dysfunction has been implicated as a crucial event in the development of several CNS disorders, such as Alzheimer disease, Parkinson disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1-associated neurocognitive disorder and traumatic brain injury. Breakdown of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) as a result of disruption of tight junctions and transporters, leads to increased leukocyte transmigration and is an early event in the pathology of these disorders.
Cite this study APA, Vancouver, BibTeX · download .bib or .ris
APA 7th
Grammas, P., Martinez, J., & Miller, B. (2011). Cerebral microvascular endothelium and the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. Expert reviews in molecular medicine. https://doi.org/10.1017/s1462399411001918
Vancouver
Grammas P, Martinez J, Miller B. Cerebral microvascular endothelium and the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. Expert reviews in molecular medicine. 2011. doi:10.1017/s1462399411001918. PMID: 21676288.
BibTeX
@article{grammas2011-21676288,
author = {Grammas, P. and Martinez, J. and Miller, B.},
title = {{Cerebral microvascular endothelium and the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases}},
journal = {Expert reviews in molecular medicine},
year = {2011},
doi = {10.1017/s1462399411001918},
pmid = {21676288},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1017/s1462399411001918}
}
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Key findings
- For example, endothelial dysfunction has been implicated as a crucial event in the development of several CNS disorders, such as Alzheimer disease, Parkinson disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1-associated neurocognitive disorder and traumatic brain injury.
- Breakdown of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) as a result of disruption of tight junctions and transporters, leads to increased leukocyte transmigration and is an early event in the pathology of these disorders.
- The brain endothelium is highly reactive because it serves as both a source of, and a target for, inflammatory proteins and reactive oxygen species.
- BBB breakdown thus leads to neuroinflammation and oxidative stress, which are implicated in the pathogenesis of CNS disease.
Why it matters
This review describes how endothelial dysfunction and breakdown of the blood-brain barrier are early events in several central nervous system disorders, including Alzheimer's disease. It reports no new treatment, cure or prevention and is a summary of existing evidence.
Study details
- Evidence strengthLow
How this study scored 40/100
Published in a peer-reviewed journal. Scored zero for study design, sample size, effect reported, studied in people and randomised / blinded because the record does not state it.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 7 / 10 | Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (Expert reviews in molecular medicine) |
| Journal's citation record | 1 / 4 | Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine: journal h-index 112 (OpenAlex, 2026-10-29) |
| Study design | 0 / 12 | No study design recorded — scores zero, not guessed (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Strength of evidence | 1 / 5 | Rated “low” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 1 / 5 | 2011 — within 20 year(s) of the newest study here |
| Sample size | 0 / 4 | Participant count not stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Effect reported | 0 / 3 | No effect size reported — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Studied in people | 0 / 3 | Not stated whether this was studied in people — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Randomised / blinded | 0 / 2 | No randomisation or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Times cited | 5 / 7 | Cited 202 times (OpenAlex, 2026-10-10) |
| Citations per year | 3 / 5 | 11.9 citations a year over 17 year(s) since 2011 |
| Impact for its field and year | 4 / 6 | Cited 10.7× the average for papers of its field and year (OpenAlex FWCI) |
| Cited by studies here | 2 / 6 | Cited by 5 other studies in this library |
| Still being cited | 2 / 4 | Cited 23 times in 2024–2026 (2026 still in progress; OpenAlex) |
| Senior author's track record | 1 / 4 | Last-listed author Bradley Bryan Miller: h-index 14 (OpenAlex, whole career) |
| Institution's track record | 0 / 3 | Texas Tech University: institution h-index 686 (OpenAlex) |
| Multi-centre collaboration | 1 / 3 | OpenAlex lists 2 institution(s) in 1 country |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 21676288) |
| Free to read | 0 / 2 | Behind a paywall — scores zero |
| Total | 40 / 100 | — |
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