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50/100

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 50 out of 100. Risk factors

Topic: Risk, prevention and care in population studies

The sample (n = 26,728) was equally distributed across gender (55.1% women) and education (50.8% completed HS/GED diploma), and 30% came from under-represented racial/ethnic groups. Residing in high versus low disadvantaged neighborhoods in midlife resulted in worse baseline performance and faster decline in immediate (intercept=-0.20/slope=-0.009)/delayed (intercept=-0.20/ slope=-0.010) word recall and serial sevens scores (intercept=-0.13/slope=-0.007) for White/non-Hispanic and faster decline among Black adults (immediate recall: slope=-0.012; delayed recall: slope=-0.012; serial sevens: intercept=-0.13/slope=-0.008). Living in high versus low disadvantaged neighborhoods did not influence baseline cognitive performance or trajectories in Hispanic/Latino adults. Only among White/non-Hispanic adults living in high versus low disadvantaged neighborhoods increased the likelihood of CIND (HR=1.20, 95% CI: 1.14-1.26) and probable dementia (HR=1.21, 95% CI: 1.09-1.13). Residing in high versus low disadvantage neighborhoods resulted in lower baseline performance, faster decline, and increased risk of dementia across genders with larger differences in baseline performance and magnitude of dementia risk in men (HR=1.24, 95% CI: 1.17-1.32). In a nationally representative population of US older adults with intact cognition, the level level of residential neighborhood disadvantage in mid-to-late life impacted cognitive performance trajectories in White/non-Hispanic and Black adults. Residing in more highly disadvantaged neighborhoods increased risk of dementia outcomes specifically among White/non-Hispanic adults.

Cite this study APA, Vancouver, BibTeX · download .bib or .ris

APA 7th

Lee, A. R., Bandoli, G. E., Brown, L. L., McEvoy, L. K., Oren, E., Roesch, S. C., et al. (2025). Associations of Mid‐to‐Late Life Neighborhood Disadvantage with Cognitive Trajectories and Dementia Outcomes in the Health and Retirement Study. Alzheimer s & Dementia. https://doi.org/10.1002/alz70860_101994

Vancouver

Lee AR, Bandoli GE, Brown LL, McEvoy LK, Oren E, Roesch SC, et al. Associations of Mid‐to‐Late Life Neighborhood Disadvantage with Cognitive Trajectories and Dementia Outcomes in the Health and Retirement Study. Alzheimer s & Dementia. 2025. doi:10.1002/alz70860_101994. PMID: 41434284.

BibTeX

@article{lee2025-41434284,
  author  = {Lee, Adrienne R.S. and Bandoli, Gretchen E and Brown, Lauren Leigh and McEvoy, Linda K. and Oren, Eyal and Roesch, Scott C. and LaCroix, Andrea Z.},
  title   = {{Associations of Mid‐to‐Late Life Neighborhood Disadvantage with Cognitive Trajectories and Dementia Outcomes in the Health and Retirement Study}},
  journal = {Alzheimer s \& Dementia},
  year    = {2025},
  doi     = {10.1002/alz70860_101994},
  pmid    = {41434284},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1002/alz70860_101994}
}

Built from the record alzhub holds for this paper, not looked up. Volume, issue and page numbers are not held in the record. The record names 7 authors; APA and Vancouver show the first six, BibTeX and the downloads carry all of them. Check the citation against the original before you use it.

Key findings

The sample (n = 26,728) was equally distributed across gender (55.1% women) and education (50.8% completed HS/GED diploma), and 30% came from under-represented racial/ethnic groups.
Residing in high versus low disadvantaged neighborhoods in midlife resulted in worse baseline performance and faster decline in immediate (intercept=-0.20/slope=-0.009)/delayed (intercept=-0.20/ slope=-0.010) word recall and serial sevens scores (intercept=-0.13/slope=-0.007) for White/non-Hispanic and faster decline among Black adults (immediate recall: slope=-0.012; delayed recall: slope=-0.012; serial sevens: intercept=-0.13/slope=-0.008).
Living in high versus low disadvantaged neighborhoods did not influence baseline cognitive performance or trajectories in Hispanic/Latino adults.
Only among White/non-Hispanic adults living in high versus low disadvantaged neighborhoods increased the likelihood of CIND (HR=1.20, 95% CI: 1.14-1.26) and probable dementia (HR=1.21, 95% CI: 1.09-1.13).
Residing in high versus low disadvantage neighborhoods resulted in lower baseline performance, faster decline, and increased risk of dementia across genders with larger differences in baseline performance and magnitude of dementia risk in men (HR=1.24, 95% CI: 1.17-1.32).

Why it matters

This study found that living in a more disadvantaged neighborhood in midlife was linked to worse cognitive performance, faster decline, and higher dementia risk in some groups. It is about social context and dementia risk, not about treating, curing or preventing Alzheimer's disease.

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Study details

Study designcross-sectional
Participants26,728
Effect size55.1%; 50.8%; HR=1.20
Evidence strengthLow

How this study scored 50/100

Published in a peer-reviewed journal, and it is a snapshot of people at one point in time. Scored zero for randomized / blinded because the record does not state it.

Component	Points	Why
Journal tier	7 / 10	Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (Alzheimer s & Dementia)
Journal's citation record	2 / 4	Alzheimer s & Dementia: journal h-index 228 (OpenAlex, 2026-10-29)
Study design	4 / 12	A snapshot of people at one point in time
Strength of evidence	1 / 5	Rated “low” in our summary
Peer-review validation	10 / 10	Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal.
How recent	4 / 5	2025 — within 3 year(s) of the newest study here
Sample size	4 / 4	26,728 participants
Effect reported	3 / 3	Effect reported with a statistic (interval, p-value, ratio or similar)
Studied in people	3 / 3	Studied in people (participant count stated)
Randomized / blinded	0 / 2	No randomization or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0)
Times cited	0 / 7	Cited 0 times (OpenAlex, 2026-10-10)
Citations per year	0 / 5	0.0 citations a year over 3 year(s) since 2025
Impact for its field and year	0 / 6	Cited 0.0× the average for papers of its field and year (OpenAlex FWCI)
Cited by studies here	0 / 6	No other study in this library cites it
Still being cited	0 / 4	Cited 0 times in 2024–2026 (2026 still in progress; OpenAlex)
Senior author's track record	4 / 4	Last-listed author Andrea Z. LaCroix: h-index 124 (OpenAlex, whole career)
Institution's track record	2 / 3	University of California San Diego: institution h-index 1,852 (OpenAlex)
Multicenter collaboration	2 / 3	OpenAlex lists 5 institution(s) in 1 country
Indexed in PubMed	2 / 2	Indexed in PubMed (PMID 41434284)
Free to read	2 / 2	Free to read
Total	50 / 100	—

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Read the original

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