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59/100

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 59 out of 100. Vascular contributions

Topic: Risk, prevention and care in population studies

We identified 1143 dementia-free individuals with acute stroke during follow-up: 1061 (92.8%) ischemic, 82 (7.2%) hemorrhagic, 49.9% female, and 30.8% Black. The median age at stroke was 74.1 (interquartile range, 68.6–79.3) years. On average, ischemic stroke survivors showed declines in global cognition (−0.35 [95% CI, −0.43 to −0.27] points/y; P <0.001), executive function (−0.48 [95% CI, −0.59 to −0.36] points/y; P <0.001), and memory (−0.27 [95% CI, −0.36 to −0.19] points/y; P <0.001). Poststroke declines in global cognition, executive function, and memory did not differ between hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke survivors. Differences in poststroke cognitive slope between hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke survivors were global cognition (0.02 [95% CI, −0.21 to 0.26] points/y; P =0.85), executive function (−0.13 [95% CI, −0.48 to 0.23] points/y; P =0.48), and memory (0.19 [95% CI, −0.05 to 0.43] points/y; P =0.12). On average, small vessel stroke survivors showed declines in global cognition (−0.33 [95% CI, −0.49 to −0.16] points/y; P <0.001), executive function (−0.44 [95% CI, −0.68 to −0.19] points/y; P <0.001), and memory (−0.19 [95% CI, −0.35 to −0.03] points/y; P =0.02). Poststroke cognitive declines did not differ between small vessel survivors and survivors of other ischemic stroke subtypes. Stroke survivors had cognitive decline in multiple domains. Declines did not differ by stroke type or ischemic stroke subtype.

Key findings

We identified 1143 dementia-free individuals with acute stroke during follow-up: 1061 (92.8%) ischemic, 82 (7.2%) hemorrhagic, 49.9% female, and 30.8% Black.
The median age at stroke was 74.1 (interquartile range, 68.6–79.3) years.
On average, ischemic stroke survivors showed declines in global cognition (−0.35 [95% CI, −0.43 to −0.27] points/y; P <0.001), executive function (−0.48 [95% CI, −0.59 to −0.36] points/y; P <0.001), and memory (−0.27 [95% CI, −0.36 to −0.19] points/y; P <0.001).
Poststroke declines in global cognition, executive function, and memory did not differ between hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke survivors.
Differences in poststroke cognitive slope between hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke survivors were global cognition (0.02 [95% CI, −0.21 to 0.26] points/y; P =0.85), executive function (−0.13 [95% CI, −0.48 to 0.23] points/y; P =0.48), and memory (0.19 [95% CI, −0.05 to 0.43] points/y; P =0.12).

Why it matters

Among 1143 dementia-free people who had a stroke, survivors showed declines in global cognition, executive function, and memory, and these declines did not differ between hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke or between small vessel and other ischemic subtypes. This describes post-stroke cognitive decline patterns but does not test any treatment, cure, or prevention for Alzheimer's disease.

Study details

Study designcohort study
Effect size92.8%; 7.2%; 49.9%
Evidence strengthModerate

How this study scored 59/100

Published in a peer-reviewed journal, and it is a cohort study following people over time. Scored zero for sample size, studied in people and randomised / blinded because the record does not state it.

Component	Points	Why
Journal tier	7 / 10	Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (Stroke)
Journal's citation record	3 / 4	Stroke: journal h-index 455 (OpenAlex, 2026-10-29)
Study design	7 / 12	A cohort study following people over time
Strength of evidence	3 / 5	Rated “moderate” in our summary
Peer-review validation	10 / 10	Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal.
How recent	4 / 5	2025 — within 3 year(s) of the newest study here
Sample size	0 / 4	Participant count not stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0)
Effect reported	2 / 3	Effect reported as a number, without an interval or test
Studied in people	0 / 3	Not stated whether this was studied in people — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0)
Randomised / blinded	0 / 2	No randomisation or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0)
Times cited	2 / 7	Cited 13 times (OpenAlex, 2026-10-10)
Citations per year	2 / 5	4.3 citations a year over 3 year(s) since 2025
Impact for its field and year	4 / 6	Cited 8.2× the average for papers of its field and year (OpenAlex FWCI)
Cited by studies here	1 / 6	Cited by 1 other studies in this library
Still being cited	1 / 4	Cited 13 times in 2024–2026 (2026 still in progress; OpenAlex)
Senior author's track record	3 / 4	Last-listed author Rodney A. Hayward: h-index 78 (OpenAlex, whole career)
Institution's track record	3 / 3	University of Washington: institution h-index 3,540 (OpenAlex)
Multi-centre collaboration	3 / 3	OpenAlex lists 15 institution(s) in 3 countries
Indexed in PubMed	2 / 2	Indexed in PubMed (PMID 40062407)
Free to read	2 / 2	Free to read
Total	59 / 100	—

What each of these 20 components measures, and what this score is not →

Read the original

Full text: free to read — OpenAlex lists this copy as free to read: the link above (checked 6 Feb 1020).

Cite this study APA, Vancouver, BibTeX · download .bib or .ris

Built from the record alzhub holds for this paper, not looked up. Volume, issue and page numbers are not held in the record. The record's author list ends in “et al.”, so not every author is named. Check the citation against the original before you use it.

APA 7th

Levine, D. A., Whitney, R. T., Ye, W., Briceño, E. M., Gross, A. L., Giordani, B., et al. (2025). Associations Between Stroke Type, Ischemic Stroke Subtypes, and Poststroke Cognitive Trajectories. Stroke. https://doi.org/10.1161/strokeaha.124.047640

Vancouver

Levine DA, Whitney RT, Ye W, Briceño EM, Gross AL, Giordani B, et al. Associations Between Stroke Type, Ischemic Stroke Subtypes, and Poststroke Cognitive Trajectories. Stroke. 2025. doi:10.1161/strokeaha.124.047640. PMID: 40062407.

BibTeX

@article{levine2025-40062407,
  author  = {Levine, Deborah A. and Whitney, Rachael T. and Ye, Wen and Briceño, Emily M. and Gross, Alden L. and Giordani, Bruno and Sussman, Jeremy B. and Lazar, Ronald M. and others},
  title   = {{Associations Between Stroke Type, Ischemic Stroke Subtypes, and Poststroke Cognitive Trajectories}},
  journal = {Stroke},
  year    = {2025},
  doi     = {10.1161/strokeaha.124.047640},
  pmid    = {40062407},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1161/strokeaha.124.047640}
}

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