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Association of neighborhood disadvantage with cognitive function and cortical disorganization in an unimpaired cohort
Safai Apoorva, Jonaitis Erin, Langhough Rebecca E, Buckingha William R, Johnson Sterling C, Powell W Ryan, Kind Amy J H, Bendlin Barbara B et al.. ArXiv, 2024-07-01
Topic: Risk, prevention and care in population studies
Neighborhood disadvantage is associated with worse health and cognitive outcomes. Morphological similarity network (MSN) is a promising approach to elucidate cortical network patterns underlying complex cognitive functions. We hypothesized that MSNs could capture intricate changes in cortical patterns related to neighborhood disadvantage and cognitive function, potentially explaining some of the risk for later life cognitive impairment among individuals who live in disadvantaged contexts. This cross-sectional study included cognitively unimpaired participants (n=524, age=62.96±8.377, gender (M:F)=181:343, ADI(L:H) =450,74) from the Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center or Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer's Prevention. Neighborhood disadvantage status was obtained using the Area Deprivation Index (ADI). Cognitive performance was assessed through six tests evaluating memory, executive functioning, and the modified preclinical Alzheimer's cognitive composite (mPACC). Morphological Similarity Networks (MSN) were constructed for each participant based on the similarity in distribution of cortical thickness of brain regions, followed by computation of local and global network features. We used linear regression to examine ADI associations with cognitive scores and MSN features. The mediating effect of MSN features on the relationship between ADI and cognitive performance was statistically assessed. Neighborhood disadvantage showed negative association with category fluency, implicit learning speed, story recall and mPACC scores, indicating worse cognitive function among those living in more disadvantaged neighborhoods. Local network features of frontal and temporal brain regions differed based on ADI status. Centrality of left lateral orbitofrontal region showed a partial mediating effect between association of neighborhood disadvantage and story recall performance. Our findings suggest differences in local cortical organization by neighborhood disadvantage, which also partially mediated the relationship between ADI and cognitive performance, providing a possible network-based mechanism to, in-part, explain the risk for poor cognitive functioning associated with disadvantaged neighborhoods. Future work will examine the exposure to neighborhood disadvantage on structural organization of the brain.
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APA 7th
Apoorva, S., Erin, J., Langhough Rebecca, E., Buckingha William, R., Johnson Sterling, C., Ryan, P. W., et al. (2024). Association of neighborhood disadvantage with cognitive function and cortical disorganization in an unimpaired cohort. ArXiv.
Vancouver
Apoorva S, Erin J, Langhough Rebecca E, Buckingha William R, Johnson Sterling C, Ryan PW, et al. Association of neighborhood disadvantage with cognitive function and cortical disorganization in an unimpaired cohort. ArXiv. 2024. PMID: 38947926.
BibTeX
@article{apoorva2024-38947926,
author = {Apoorva, Safai and Erin, Jonaitis and Langhough Rebecca, E. and Buckingha William, R. and Johnson Sterling, C. and Ryan, Powell W and Kind Amy J, H. and Bendlin Barbara, B. and others},
title = {{Association of neighborhood disadvantage with cognitive function and cortical disorganization in an unimpaired cohort}},
journal = {ArXiv},
year = {2024},
pmid = {38947926}
}
Built from the record alzhub holds for this paper, not looked up. This record has no DOI, so the citation leaves it out. Volume, issue and page numbers are not held in the record. The record's author list ends in “et al.”, so not every author is named. Check the citation against the original before you use it.
Key findings
- Neighborhood disadvantage is associated with worse health and cognitive outcomes.
- Our findings suggest differences in local cortical organization by neighborhood disadvantage, which also partially mediated the relationship between ADI and cognitive performance, providing a possible network-based mechanism to, in-part, explain the risk for poor cognitive functioning associated with disadvantaged neighborhoods.
Why it matters
Among cognitively unimpaired people, neighborhood disadvantage was linked to differences in local cortical organization, which partly explained the link between disadvantage and cognitive performance. This suggests a possible brain-based mechanism, but it is a cross-sectional study and does not test treatment or prevention.
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Study details
- Study designcross-sectional
- Participants524
- Evidence strengthLow
How this study scored 16/100
Preprint — not yet peer-reviewed. It scored 38 on the same rubric, but non-peer-reviewed sources are capped at 16, so it shows as 16. Scored zero for effect reported and randomised / blinded because the record does not state it. We have no data on times cited, citations per year, impact for its field and year, cited by studies here and still being cited, so those were left out: it earned 27 of the 72 points we could judge it on, which is 38 out of 100.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 2 / 10 | Tier 4 — not a peer-reviewed journal (ArXiv) |
| Journal's citation record | 0 / 4 | Not a journal article, so the journal's record does not count |
| Study design | 4 / 12 | A snapshot of people at one point in time |
| Strength of evidence | 1 / 5 | Rated “low” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 4 / 10 | Preprint — not yet peer-reviewed. Hosted on a preprint server. |
| How recent | 4 / 5 | 2024 — within 3 year(s) of the newest study here |
| Sample size | 2 / 4 | 524 participants |
| Effect reported | 0 / 3 | No effect size reported — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Studied in people | 3 / 3 | Studied in people (participant count stated) |
| Randomised / blinded | 0 / 2 | No randomisation or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Times cited | — / 7 | Citation count not trusted: 48 of 107 library studies citing it were published more than a year before it - a sign OpenAlex merged several works under this DOI — left out of this score |
| Citations per year | — / 5 | Citation count not trusted (see above) — left out of this score |
| Impact for its field and year | — / 6 | No field-weighted citation impact (OpenAlex has none yet) — left out of this score |
| Cited by studies here | — / 6 | Library citations not trusted (see above) — left out of this score |
| Still being cited | — / 4 | Citation count not trusted (see above) — left out of this score |
| Senior author's track record | 2 / 4 | Last-listed author Pallavi Tiwari: h-index 27 (OpenAlex, whole career) |
| Institution's track record | 2 / 3 | University of Wisconsin–Madison: institution h-index 1,514 (OpenAlex) |
| Multi-centre collaboration | 1 / 3 | OpenAlex lists 2 institution(s) in 1 country |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 38947926) |
| Free to read | 0 / 2 | Behind a paywall — scores zero |
| Points | 27 / 72 | Scored on 15 of 20 parts. We have no data for the rest, so they are left out: 27 of the 72 points we could judge it on is 38 out of 100. |
| Total | 38 / 100 | Capped to 16 because this is not a peer-reviewed article. |
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