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You can call any of these for free. You do not need a diagnosis, an appointment, or a crisis to call — questions and plain exhaustion are reasons enough.

  • Alzheimer's Association 24/7 Helpline 800-272-3900 24 hours a day, 365 days a year Free, confidential support and information for people with dementia, caregivers, families and the public. Master's-level clinicians. Also Spanish.
  • 988 Suicide & Crisis Lifeline 988 24/7 Call or text 988, or chat at 988lifeline.org. For anyone in emotional distress or a mental-health crisis, including caregivers.
  • Alzheimer's Foundation of America (AFA) Helpline 866-232-8484 9:00 am - 9:00 pm ET, seven days a week Licensed social workers providing support, info and referrals. Also text message and web chat. Text: 646-586-5283

In a medical emergency, call 911. More numbers, and what each line does, on the help page.

Each study has a usefulness score out of 100 (rubric version 4.0). Tap a score to see what makes it up.

Highest usefulness score first. Studies without a score come last.

  1. Pathobiology of the Klotho Antiaging Protein and Therapeutic Considerations

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. Frontiers in aging 2022-07-12 Drug development

    Lack of Klotho or FGF23 results in hyperphosphatemia and hypervitaminosis D.

  2. Mechanisms of Short-Chain Fatty Acids Derived from Gut Microbiota in Alzheimer's Disease

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. Aging and disease 2022-07-11 Disease mechanisms

    Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are important metabolites derived from the gut microbiota through fermentation of dietary fiber.

  3. GLP-1 Receptor Agonists in Neurodegeneration: Neurovascular Unit in the Spotlight

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. Cells 2022-06-25 Drug development

    Defects in brain energy metabolism and proteopathic stress are implicated in age-related degenerative neuronopathies, exemplified by Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD).

  4. Therapeutic Potential of Semaglutide, a Newer GLP-1 Receptor Agonist, in Abating Obesity, Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis and Neurodegenerative diseases: A Narrative Review

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. Pharmaceutical research 2022-06-01 Drug development

    Significant weight reduction ability of semaglutide has been demonstrated in various phase-3 clinical trials, for which recently semaglutide became the first long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonist to be approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration for management of obesity.

  5. An Overview of Oxidative Stress, Neuroinflammation, and Neurodegenerative Diseases

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. International journal of molecular sciences 2022-05-25 Inflammation and the immune system

    Oxidative stress has been linked with a variety of diseases, being involved in the debut and/or progress of several neurodegenerative disorders.

  6. Flavonoids as Potential Anti-Inflammatory Molecules: A Review

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) 2022-05-02 Inflammation and the immune system

    Hydroxylated polyphenols, also called flavonoids, are richly present in vegetables, fruits, cereals, nuts, herbs, seeds, stems, and flowers of numerous plants.

  7. Fecal microbiota transfer between young and aged mice reverses hallmarks of the aging gut, eye, and brain

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. Microbiome 2022-04-29 Brain scans and imaging

    These findings demonstrate that the aging gut microbiota drives detrimental changes in the gut-brain and gut-retina axes suggesting that microbial modulation may be of therapeutic benefit in preventing inflammation-related tissue decline in later life.

  8. Gut Microbiota Interact With the Brain Through Systemic Chronic Inflammation: Implications on Neuroinflammation, Neurodegeneration, and Aging

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. Frontiers in immunology 2022-04-07 Disease mechanisms

    It has been noticed in recent years that the unfavorable effects of the gut microbiota could exhaust host vigor and life, yet knowledge and theory are just beginning to be established.

  9. Guts Imbalance Imbalances the Brain: A Review of Gut Microbiota Association With Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. Frontiers in medicine 2022-03-31 Disease mechanisms

    Over the last 10 years, there has been a growing interest in the relationship between gut microbiota, the brain, and neurologic-associated affections.

  10. Oxidative Stress and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE): Implications in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Aging-related Diseases

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. Journal of immunology research 2022-03-23 Risk factors

    Oxidative stress plays an important role in the development of aging-related diseases by accelerating the lipid peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the cell membrane, resulting in the production of aldehydes, such as malondialdehyde and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE) and other toxic substances.

  11. The Role of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists (GLP-1 RA) in Diabetes-Related Neurodegenerative Diseases

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. Drug design, development and therapy 2022-03-14 Drug development

    Recent clinical guidelines have emphasized the importance of screening for cognitive impairment in older adults with diabetes, however, there is still a lack of understanding about the drug therapy.

  12. Forsythoside A Mitigates Alzheimer's-like Pathology by Inhibiting Ferroptosis-mediated Neuroinflammation via Nrf2/GPX4 Axis Activation

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. International journal of biological sciences 2022-02-28 Genetics

    Ferroptosis and neuroinflammation play crucial roles in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathophysiology.

  13. The Potential Role of Gut Microbiota in Alzheimer's Disease: From Diagnosis to Treatment

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. Nutrients 2022-02-05 Disease mechanisms

    Gut microbiota is emerging as a key regulator of many disease conditions and its dysregulation is implicated in the pathogenesis of several gastrointestinal and extraintestinal disorders.

  14. Hippocampus and its involvement in Alzheimer's disease: a review

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. 3 Biotech 2022-02-01 Prevention trials

    Hippocampus is the significant component of the limbic lobe, which is further subdivided into the dentate gyrus and parts of Cornu Ammonis.

  15. Astrocytes as Key Regulators of Brain Energy Metabolism: New Therapeutic Perspectives

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. Frontiers in physiology 2022-01-11 Disease mechanisms

    Astrocytes play key roles in the regulation of brain energy metabolism, which has a major impact on brain functions, including memory, neuroprotection, resistance to oxidative stress and homeostatic tone.

  16. Role of Phenolic Compounds in Human Disease: Current Knowledge and Future Prospects

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) 2021-12-30 Risk factors

    Inflammation is a natural protective mechanism that occurs when the body's tissue homeostatic mechanisms are disrupted by biotic, physical, or chemical agents.

  17. Liraglutide Reduces Vascular Damage, Neuronal Loss, and Cognitive Impairment in a Mixed Murine Model of Alzheimer’s Disease and Type 2 Diabetes

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience 2021-12-16 Drug development

    Alzheimer’s disease is the most common form of dementia, and epidemiological studies support that type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a major contributor.

  18. Periodontal Disease: The Good, The Bad, and The Unknown

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology 2021-12-07 Disease mechanisms

    Periodontal disease is classically characterized by progressive destruction of the soft and hard tissues of the periodontal complex, mediated by an interplay between dysbiotic microbial communities and aberrant immune responses within gingival and periodontal tissues.

  19. Interplay of gut microbiota and oxidative stress: Perspective on neurodegeneration and neuroprotection

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. Journal of advanced research 2021-09-17 Disease mechanisms

    Recent research on the implications of gut microbiota on brain functions has helped to gather important information on the relationship between them.

  20. Targeting oxidative stress in disease: promise and limitations of antioxidant therapy

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. Nature reviews. Drug discovery 2021-06-30 Disease mechanisms

    Oxidative stress is a component of many diseases, including atherosclerosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Alzheimer disease and cancer.

  21. Regulation of Neurotransmitters by the Gut Microbiota and Effects on Cognition in Neurological Disorders

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. Nutrients 2021-06-19 Disease mechanisms

    Emerging evidence indicates that gut microbiota is important in the regulation of brain activity and cognitive functions.

  22. PI3K/AKT Signal Pathway: A Target of Natural Products in the Prevention and Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease and Parkinson's Disease

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. Frontiers in pharmacology 2021-04-15 Costs and economics

    Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are two typical neurodegenerative diseases that increased with aging.

  23. Mannan oligosaccharide attenuates cognitive and behavioral disorders in the 5xFAD Alzheimer's disease mouse model via regulating the gut microbiota-brain axis

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. Brain, behavior, and immunity 2021-04-09 Disease mechanisms

    Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by cognitive deficits and psychiatric symptoms.

  24. NOX4 promotes ferroptosis of astrocytes by oxidative stress-induced lipid peroxidation via the impairment of mitochondrial metabolism in Alzheimer's diseases

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. Redox biology 2021-03-19 Disease mechanisms

    Oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD).

  25. The oralome and its dysbiosis: New insights into oral microbiome-host interactions

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. Computational and structural biotechnology journal 2021-02-27 Disease mechanisms

    The oralome is the summary of the dynamic interactions orchestrated between the ecological community of oral microorganisms (comprised of up to approximately 1000 species of bacteria, fungi, viruses, archaea and protozoa - the oral microbiome) that live in the oral cavity and the host.

From across this topic

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