Get help now — free helplines

You can call any of these for free. You do not need a diagnosis, an appointment, or a crisis to call — questions and plain exhaustion are reasons enough.

  • Alzheimer's Association 24/7 Helpline 800-272-3900 24 hours a day, 365 days a year Free, confidential support and information for people with dementia, caregivers, families and the public. Master's-level clinicians. Also Spanish.
  • 988 Suicide & Crisis Lifeline 988 24/7 Call or text 988, or chat at 988lifeline.org. For anyone in emotional distress or a mental-health crisis, including caregivers.
  • Alzheimer's Foundation of America (AFA) Helpline 866-232-8484 9:00 am - 9:00 pm ET, seven days a week Licensed social workers providing support, info and referrals. Also text message and web chat. Text: 646-586-5283

In a medical emergency, call 911. More numbers, and what each line does, on the help page.

Newest in this topic

  1. Inflammatory biomarker candidates in dementia with Lewy bodies: diagnostic classification, clinical associations, and survival 2026-11-01
  2. Longitudinal plasma biomarkers and multimodal PET across APOE ε4 genotypes: a prospective cohort study 2026-11-01
  3. Concurrent cognitive, behavioral and systemic physiological features mark preclinical Alzheimer's disease 2026-10-30

Studies

706 studies carry this tag.

Date range

1989 to 2026

Top journals

  • Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association 126
  • Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD 54
  • Alzheimer's & dementia (Amsterdam, Netherlands) 46
  • Alzheimer's research & therapy 36
  • medRxiv 29

196 journals in all.

Newest first, then by address. Each study has a usefulness score out of 100 (rubric version 4.0); tap a score to see what makes it up. Tags were assigned automatically from each study's title and summary. The same studies as a filter in the library.

  1. Serum glial fibrillary acidic protein is a body fluid biomarker: A valuable prognostic for neurological disease - A systematic review

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 67 out of 100. International immunopharmacology 2022-03-04 Biomarkers

    Astrocytes are the most abundant cell type in the human central nervous system, and they play an important role in the regulation of neuronal physiology.

  2. Cohort Analysis of the Association of Delirium Severity With Cerebrospinal Fluid Amyloid-Tau-Neurodegeneration Pathologies

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 64 out of 100. The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences 2022-03-03 Biomarkers

    Delirium is associated with cognitive decline and subsequent dementia, and rises in plasma total tau (tTau) and neurofilament light (NfL), providing links to Amyloid-Tau-Neurodegeneration (ATN) pathophysiology.

  3. Association of plasma biomarkers, p-tau181, glial fibrillary acidic protein, and neurofilament light, with intermediate and long-term clinical Alzheimer's disease risk: Results from a prospective cohort followed over 17 years

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 55 out of 100. Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association 2022-03-02 Biomarkers

    GFAP may be an early AD biomarker increasing before p-tau181 and NfL and the effect modifying role of cardiovascular health should be considered in biomarker risk stratification.

  4. Association of plasma glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) with neuroimaging of Alzheimer's disease and vascular pathology

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 62 out of 100. Alzheimer's & dementia (Amsterdam, Netherlands) 2022-02-28 Biomarkers

    GFAP was associated with amyloid and tau PET in multivariable models.

  5. CSF biomarkers and plasma p‐tau181 as predictors of longitudinal tau accumulation: Implications for clinical trial design

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 52 out of 100. Alzheimer's & Dementia 2022-02-28 Biomarkers

    P‐tau181 in CSF and plasma predicted tau accumulation (r > 0.36, P < .001), even in AD‐continuum individuals with normal baseline tau‐PET (A+T–; r > 0.37, P < .05).

  6. Biofluid-based biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease-related pathologies: An update and synthesis of the literature

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association 2022-02-25 Biomarkers

    The past few years have seen an explosion in sensitive and specific assays for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related disorders, as well as some novel assays based on pathological seed-induced protein misfolding in patient samples.

  7. Plasma biomarkers for Alzheimer's Disease in relation to neuropathology and cognitive change

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 52 out of 100. Acta neuropathologica 2022-02-23 Biomarkers

    Plasma biomarkers related to amyloid, tau, and neurodegeneration (ATN) show great promise for identifying these pathological features of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) as shown by recent clinical studies and selected autopsy studies.

  8. Tau proteins in blood as biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease and other proteinopathies

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 57 out of 100. Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) 2022-02-17 Biomarkers

    Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common age-dependent neurodegenerative disorder, is characterized neuropathologically by extracellular Aβ plaques and intracellular tau neurofibrillary tangles.

  9. Association between CSF biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease and neuropsychiatric symptoms: Mayo Clinic Study of Aging

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 70 out of 100. Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association 2022-02-09 Tau biomarkers

    Lower CSF Aβ42, and higher t-tau/Aβ42 and p-tau/Aβ42 ratios were associated with BDI-II and BAI total scores, clinical depression (BDI-II ≥ 13), and clinical anxiety (BAI ≥ 10), as well as NPI-Q-assessed anxiety, apathy, and nighttime behavior.

  10. Crosswalk study on blood collection-tube types for Alzheimer's disease biomarkers

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 52 out of 100. Alzheimer's & dementia (Amsterdam, Netherlands) 2022-02-09 Biomarkers

    Brain amyloidosis differentiated several measures, especially EDTA plasma pTa u 181 A β 42 ( d = 1.29).

  11. Portable electrochemical micro-workstation platform for simultaneous detection of multiple Alzheimer's disease biomarkers

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 40 out of 100. Mikrochimica acta 2022-02-07 Cognitive tests and assessment

    Alzheimer's disease, as a most prevalent type of dementia, is quickly becoming one of the most expensive, lethal, and burdening diseases of this century.

  12. Association of CSF, Plasma, and Imaging Markers of Neurodegeneration With Clinical Progression in People With Subjective Cognitive Decline

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 70 out of 100. Neurology 2022-02-02 Biomarkers

    We included 401 individuals (61±9 years, 42% female, MMSE 28 ± 2, vascular comorbidities 8%-19%).

  13. Differential levels of plasma biomarkers of neurodegeneration in Lewy body dementia, Alzheimer's disease, frontotemporal dementia and progressive supranuclear palsy

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 67 out of 100. Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry 2022-01-25 Biomarkers

    This large study shows the role of plasma biomarkers in differentiating patients with different dementias, and at monitoring longitudinal change.

  14. Dynamic changes of CSF sPDGFRβ during ageing and AD progression and associations with CSF ATN biomarkers

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. Molecular neurodegeneration 2022-01-15 Biomarkers

    Our results suggest that pericyte injury contributes to AD progression in the early stage in an Aβ-independent pathway.

  15. Comparison of serum neurodegenerative biomarkers among hospitalized COVID-19 patients versus non-COVID subjects with normal cognition, mild cognitive impairment, or Alzheimer's dementia

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 55 out of 100. Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association 2022-01-13 Biomarkers

    Neurodegenerative biomarkers were elevated to levels observed in AD dementia and associated with encephalopathy and worse outcomes among hospitalized COVID-19 patients.

  16. Practical application of Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative plasma P‐tau181 reference data to support diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 50 out of 100. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry 2022-01-08 Biomarkers

    There were significant differences in plasma p‐tau181 values between Controls and those with AD at all ages up to 85 years.

  17. Serum neurofilament light chain level as a predictor of cognitive stage transition

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 47 out of 100. Alzheimer's research & therapy 2022-01-07 Biomarkers

    The study shows that higher serum NFL tertile levels correlate with increased risk of cognitive stage transition in both MCI and CU participants.

  18. A Blood Test for Alzheimer's Disease: It's about Time or Not Ready for Prime Time?

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 41 out of 100. Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD 2022 Biomarkers

    A blood test for Alzheimer's disease is now available for clinical use in persons with cognitive impairment.

  19. A Review of Application of Aβ42/40 Ratio in Diagnosis and Prognosis of Alzheimer's Disease

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 41 out of 100. Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD 2022 Biomarkers

    The number of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and non-Alzheimer's disease (non-AD) has drastically increased over recent decades.

  20. Differences Between Plasma and Cerebrospinal Fluid p-tau181 and p-tau231 in Early Alzheimer's Disease

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 55 out of 100. Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD 2022 Biomarkers

    Plasma phosphorylated tau species have been recently proposed as peripheral markers of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology.

  21. Distinct Patterns Link the BDNF Val66Met Polymorphism to Alzheimer's Disease Pathology

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 50 out of 100. Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD 2022 Tau biomarkers

    The brain-derived neurotropic growth factor (BDNF) gene has been linked to dementia, inflammation, and Apolipoprotein E (APOE) ɛ4 status.

  22. Elecsys Cerebrospinal Fluid Assays Accurately Distinguish Alzheimer's Disease from Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 55 out of 100. The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease 2022 Tau biomarkers

    AUC-based performance was similarly good for the pTau181/Aβ42 ratio (AUC=0.841; 95% CI: 0.759-0.923), pTau181/Aβ40 ratio (AUC=0.837; 95% CI: 0.754-0.919), Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio (AUC=0.829; 95% CI: 0.746-0.912), tTau/Aβ42 ratio (AUC=0.822; 95% CI: 0.736-0.908), pTau181/Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio (AUC=0.817; 95% CI: 0.734-0.901), and Aβ42 (AUC=0.812; 95% CI: 0.722-0.902).

  23. Fluorescent Aptasensor and Colorimetric Aptablot for p-tau231 Detection: Toward Early Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 39 out of 100. Biomedicines 2022-01-01 Biomarkers

    The pathology of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the most common cause of dementia, is considered to be mainly driven by two major hallmarks (tau and amyloid beta).

  24. Clinical reporting following the quantification of cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers in Alzheimer's disease: An international overview

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 45 out of 100. Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association 2021-12-22 Tau biomarkers

    The (pre-)analytical procedures were similar between centers.

  25. Normal cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of PDGFRβ in patients with cerebral amyloid angiopathy and Alzheimer's disease

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 45 out of 100. Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association 2021-12-07 Tau biomarkers

    PDGFRβ levels were similar in CAA patients and controls (P = .78) and in aMCI/AD clinical phenotype and controls (P = .91). aMCI/AD patients with an AD+ biomarker profile (A+T+[N+]) had increased PDGFRβ levels compared to (A-T-[N-]) controls (P = .006).

  26. Clinical and analytical comparison of six Simoa assays for plasma P-tau isoforms P-tau181, P-tau217, and P-tau231

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 48 out of 100. Alzheimer's research & therapy 2021-12-04 Biomarkers

    P-tau isoforms can be measured robustly by several novel high-sensitive Simoa assays.

  27. Blood-based biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. EMBO molecular medicine 2021-12-03 Biomarkers

    Neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) represent a mounting public health challenge.

  28. Abundance of Nef and p-Tau217 in Brains of Individuals Diagnosed with HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders Correlate with Disease Severance

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 39 out of 100. Molecular Neurobiology 2021-11-29 Biomarkers

    HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) is a term used to describe a variety of neurological impairments observed in HIV-infected individuals.

  29. Characterization of pre-analytical sample handling effects on a panel of Alzheimer's disease-related blood-based biomarkers: Results from the Standardization of Alzheimer's Blood Biomarkers (SABB) working group

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 47 out of 100. Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association 2021-11-29 Biomarkers

    We constructed a standardized operating procedure for plasma handling, to facilitate introduction of blood-based biomarkers into the research and clinical settings.

  30. Blood-based biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease: towards clinical implementation

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. The Lancet. Neurology 2021-11-24 Biomarkers

    For many years, blood-based biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease seemed unattainable, but recent results have shown that they could become a reality.

  31. Plasma phosphorylated-tau181 as a predictive biomarker for Alzheimer's amyloid, tau and FDG PET status

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 66 out of 100. Translational psychiatry 2021-11-13 Biomarkers

    Plasma phosphorylated-tau181 (p-tau181) showed the potential for Alzheimer's diagnosis and prognosis, but its role in detecting cerebral pathologies is unclear.

  32. Plasma Total Tau and Neurobehavioral Symptoms of Cognitive Decline in Cognitively Normal Older Adults

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 57 out of 100. Frontiers in psychology 2021-11-05 Biomarkers

    Depression and related neurobehavioral symptoms are common features of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias.

  33. P-tau235: a novel biomarker for staging preclinical Alzheimer's disease

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 41 out of 100. EMBO molecular medicine 2021-11-02 Biomarkers

    Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterised by a long preclinical phase.

  34. Alzheimer's disease related biomarkers in bipolar disorder - A longitudinal one-year case-control study

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 63 out of 100. Journal of affective disorders 2021-10-31 Biomarkers

    Levels of CSF Aβ42 decreased in patients with BD who had an episode during follow-up (BD-E) (N = 22) compared to patients without an episode (BD-NE) (N = 25) during follow-up (P = 0.002).

  35. Plasma neurofilament L to amyloid β42 ratio in differentiating Alzheimer's type from non-Alzheimer's dementia: A cross-sectional pilot study from India

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 41 out of 100. Asian journal of psychiatry 2021-10-29 Biomarkers

    Based on the reduction of amyloid β plaques, US FDA has recently approved Aducanumab as a disease modifying treatment for Alzheimer's disease (AD).

  36. Plasma markers predict changes in amyloid, tau, atrophy and cognition in non-demented subjects

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 71 out of 100. Brain : a journal of neurology 2021-10-01 Biomarkers

    It is currently unclear whether plasma biomarkers can be used as independent prognostic tools to predict changes associated with early Alzheimer's disease.

  37. Associations of amyloid and neurodegeneration plasma biomarkers with comorbidities

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association 2021-09-27 Biomarkers

    Multiple variables affect plasma biomarkers of amyloid pathology and neurodegeneration among CU in the general population.

  38. Neurofilament Proteins as Biomarkers to Monitor Neurological Diseases and the Efficacy of Therapies

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. Frontiers in neuroscience 2021-09-27 Biomarkers

    Biomarkers of neurodegeneration and neuronal injury have the potential to improve diagnostic accuracy, disease monitoring, prognosis, and measure treatment efficacy.

  39. Mass spectrometry-based methods for robust measurement of Alzheimer's disease biomarkers in biological fluids

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 40 out of 100. Journal of neurochemistry 2021-08-25 Biomarkers

    Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia affecting 60%-70% of people afflicted with this disease.

  40. Neurogranin as biomarker in CSF is non-specific to Alzheimer's disease dementia

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 54 out of 100. Neurobiology of aging 2021-08-08 Tau biomarkers

    We aimed to evaluate the specificity of neurogranin (Ng) for Alzheimer's disease (AD) in a dementia cohort.

  41. Novel blood test for early biomarkers of preeclampsia and Alzheimer's disease

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 55 out of 100. Scientific reports 2021-08-05 Biomarkers

    A non-invasive and sensitive blood test has long been a goal for early stage disease diagnosis and treatment for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other proteinopathy diseases.

  42. Perivascular spaces are associated with tau pathophysiology and synaptic dysfunction in early Alzheimer's continuum

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 50 out of 100. Alzheimer's research & therapy 2021-08-05 Biomarkers

    The degree of PVS significantly increased with age in both, BG and CS regions independently of cardiovascular risk factors.

  43. MAPT R406W increases tau T217 phosphorylation in absence of amyloid pathology

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 41 out of 100. Annals of clinical and translational neurology 2021-08-02 Biomarkers

    Individuals with AD had high CSF pT217/T217 and low Aβ42/40.

  44. Comparison of CSF phosphorylated tau 181 and 217 for cognitive decline

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 54 out of 100. Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association 2021-07-26 Biomarkers

    CSF p-tau217 was superior to p-tau181 for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology.

  45. Plasma Neurofilament Light and Future Declines in Cognition and Function in Alzheimer's Disease in the FIT-AD Trial

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 41 out of 100. Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports 2021-07-21 Biomarkers

    Higher baseline plasma NfL was associated with greater rate of decline in ADAS-Cog from baseline to 6 months (standardized estimate of 0.00462, p = 0.02853) and in ADL from baseline to 12 months (standardized estimate of -0.00284, p = 0.03338).

  46. Phosphorylated tau181 in plasma as a potential biomarker for Alzheimer's disease in adults with Down syndrome

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 55 out of 100. Nature communications 2021-07-14 Biomarkers

    Plasma tau phosphorylated at threonine 181 (p-tau181) predicts Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology with high accuracy in the general population.

  47. Blood biomarkers for the diagnosis of amnestic mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 67 out of 100. Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews 2021-07-07 Biomarkers

    The development of blood-based biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology as tools for screening the general population is essential, but persists controversies.

  48. Plasma biomarker profiles and the correlation with cognitive function across the clinical spectrum of Alzheimer's disease

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 55 out of 100. Alzheimer's research & therapy 2021-07-05 Biomarkers

    Plasma p-tau181 had correlations with broader cognitive domains, suggesting its potential as a promising clinical-relevant blood-based biomarker.

  49. Plasmonic Interferometers as TREM2 Sensors for Alzheimer's Disease

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 41 out of 100. Biosensors 2021-07-01 TREM2 and immune genetics

    We report an effective surface immobilization protocol for capture of Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells 2 (TREM2), a receptor whose elevated concentration in cerebrospinal fluid has recently been associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD).

  50. Neurofilament Light Chain as Biomarker for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 59 out of 100. Frontiers in neuroscience 2021-06-21 Biomarkers

    Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) are two related currently incurable neurodegenerative diseases.

From across this tag

10 of the 704 studies in this tag, picked by a fixed rule (a hash of each study's address), not by score or date; each page of this list shows a different 10. The same 10 appear here every time.

All topic tags with their study counts