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Mild cognitive impairment: long-term course of four clinical subtypes
Busse A, Hensel A, Gühne U, Angermeyer MC, Riedel-Heller SG.. Neurology, 2006-12-01
Topic: Risk, prevention and care in population studies
Objective To empirically validate the expanded concept of mild cognitive impairment (MCI), which differentiates between four clinical subtypes-amnestic MCI-single domain, amnestic MCI-multiple domains, nonamnestic MCI-single domain, and nonamnestic MCI-multiple domains-and to examine the prevalence, course, and outcome of these four clinical MCI subtypes. Methods We studied a community sample of 980 dementia-free individuals aged 75 years or older who participated in the Leipzig Longitudinal Study of the Aged (LEILA 75+). All participants were examined by neuropsychological testing based on 6 years of observation. The diagnoses of the four clinical MCI subtypes were made according to the original and to slightly modified criteria by Petersen et al. (2001) (both with a cutoff of 1.0 SD and with a cutoff of 1.5 SD). The complete range of outcome types (dementia, death, improvement, stable diagnosis, unstable diagnosis) was described for all subtypes. The relative predictive power of stable MCI for dementia onset was determined. Results MCI-single domain is more frequent than MCI-multiple domains, and the nonamnestic MCI type is as frequent as the amnestic MCI type. The "MCI modified, 1.0 SD" criteria have the highest relative predictive power for the development of dementia (sensitivity = 74%, specificity = 73%). Alzheimer disease (AD) was the most common type of dementia at follow-up in all but one MCI subtype. Participants with nonamnestic MCI-multiple domains were more likely to progress to a non-AD dementia. Conclusions It has been assumed that each MCI subtype is associated with an increased risk for a particular type of dementia. We can only partially agree with this.
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APA 7th
Busse, A., Hensel, A., Gühne, U., Angermeyer, M. C., & Riedel-Heller, S. G. (2006). Mild cognitive impairment: long-term course of four clinical subtypes. Neurology. https://doi.org/10.1212/01.wnl.0000249117.23318.e1
Vancouver
Busse A, Hensel A, Gühne U, Angermeyer MC, Riedel-Heller SG. Mild cognitive impairment: long-term course of four clinical subtypes. Neurology. 2006. doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000249117.23318.e1. PMID: 17190940.
BibTeX
@article{busse2006-17190940,
author = {Busse, A. and Hensel, A. and Gühne, U. and Angermeyer, M. C. and Riedel-Heller, S. G.},
title = {{Mild cognitive impairment: long-term course of four clinical subtypes}},
journal = {Neurology},
year = {2006},
doi = {10.1212/01.wnl.0000249117.23318.e1},
pmid = {17190940},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1212/01.wnl.0000249117.23318.e1}
}
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Key findings
- Results MCI-single domain is more frequent than MCI-multiple domains, and the nonamnestic MCI type is as frequent as the amnestic MCI type.
- Conclusions It has been assumed that each MCI subtype is associated with an increased risk for a particular type of dementia.
Why it matters
In 980 dementia-free people aged 75 or older in Leipzig, followed for 6 years, mild cognitive impairment without memory problems was as common as the memory type, and Alzheimer's disease was the most common dementia to develop in all but one subtype. Of the definitions tested, a modified version of the Petersen criteria with a 1.0 SD cutoff predicted dementia best, but only moderately (sensitivity 74%, specificity 73%). The authors could "only partially agree" that each MCI subtype points to a particular type of dementia; people with non-memory problems in several areas were more likely to develop a non-Alzheimer dementia.
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Study details
- Study designlongitudinal study
- Evidence strengthModerate
How this study scored 69/100
Published in a leading specialty journal, and it is a randomised controlled trial. Scored zero for sample size and effect reported because the record does not state it.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 9 / 10 | Tier 2 — leading specialty journal (Neurology) |
| Journal's citation record | 4 / 4 | Neurology: journal h-index 525 (OpenAlex, 2026-10-29) |
| Study design | 11 / 12 | A randomised controlled trial (from PubMed type “Randomized Controlled Trial”) |
| Strength of evidence | 3 / 5 | Rated “moderate” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 1 / 5 | 2006 — older than 20 years, still counted |
| Sample size | 0 / 4 | Participant count not stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Effect reported | 0 / 3 | No effect size reported — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Studied in people | 3 / 3 | Studied in people (pubmed indexes it as a clinical or observational study) |
| Randomised / blinded | 1 / 2 | Randomised (as stated in the record) |
| Times cited | 6 / 7 | Cited 555 times (OpenAlex, 2026-10-10) |
| Citations per year | 4 / 5 | 25.2 citations a year over 22 year(s) since 2006 |
| Impact for its field and year | 4 / 6 | Cited 15.3× the average for papers of its field and year (OpenAlex FWCI) |
| Cited by studies here | 4 / 6 | Cited by 35 other studies in this library |
| Still being cited | 2 / 4 | Cited 48 times in 2024–2026 (2026 still in progress; OpenAlex) |
| Senior author's track record | 4 / 4 | Last-listed author Steffi Gerlinde Riedel-Heller: h-index 100 (OpenAlex, whole career) |
| Institution's track record | 1 / 3 | Leipzig University: institution h-index 763 (OpenAlex) |
| Multi-centre collaboration | 0 / 3 | OpenAlex lists 1 institution(s) in 1 country — scores zero (affiliation lists can be incomplete) |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 17190940) |
| Free to read | 0 / 2 | Behind a paywall — scores zero |
| Total | 69 / 100 | — |
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