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48/100

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 48 out of 100. Risk factors

Topic: Risk, prevention and care in population studies

Plain-language summary

Diabetes mellitus (DM) and neurodegenerative diseases/disturbances are worldwide health problems. The most common chronic conditions diagnosed in persons 60 years and older are type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cognitive impairment. It was found that diabetes mellitus is a major risk for cognitive decline, dementia, Parkinson's disease (PD), Alzheimer's disease (AD), Huntington's disease (HD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and other neurodegenerative disorders. Different mechanisms of associations between these diseases and diabetes mellitus have been suggested. For example, it is postulated that an impaired intracellular insulin signaling pathway, together with hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia, may cause pathological changes, such as dysfunction of the mitochondria, oxidative stress inflammatory responses, etc. The association between diabetes mellitus and neurodegenerative diseases, as well as the mechanisms of these associations, needs further investigation. The aim of this review is to describe the associations between diabetes mellitus, especially type 1 (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus, and selected neurodegenerative diseases, i.e., Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Suggested mechanisms of these associations are also described.

What this study adds

Evidence grade: Low

This review describes suggested mechanisms linking diabetes mellitus to Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, including impaired insulin signaling, hyperglycemia, and hyperinsulinemia. It states that these associations and mechanisms need further investigation, so it does not establish that treating diabetes prevents or cures Alzheimer's disease.

Taken from this record’s own fields, not from reading the paper. The grade is assigned from the abstract’s wording; what that means.

Cite this study APA, Vancouver, BibTeX · download .bib or .ris

APA 7th

Szablewski, L. (2025). Associations Between Diabetes Mellitus and Neurodegenerative Diseases. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26020542

Vancouver

Szablewski L. Associations Between Diabetes Mellitus and Neurodegenerative Diseases. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2025. doi:10.3390/ijms26020542. PMID: 39859258.

BibTeX

@article{szablewski2025-39859258,
  author  = {Szablewski, Leszek},
  title   = {{Associations Between Diabetes Mellitus and Neurodegenerative Diseases}},
  journal = {International Journal of Molecular Sciences},
  year    = {2025},
  doi     = {10.3390/ijms26020542},
  pmid    = {39859258},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26020542}
}

Built from the record alzhub holds for this paper, not looked up. Volume, issue and page numbers are not held in the record. Check the citation against the original before you use it.

How to read this study

Design: our record does not state a study design, so check the methods section of the original before weighing the result.
Size: the record gives no participant count. Look for one in the original before trusting a pattern.
Effect: the record gives no effect size, so the summary above cannot say how large any difference was.

What the evidence grade means here

This page is graded low. alzhub.org assigns the grade automatically from keywords in the abstract, not from reading the paper. Low means the abstract matched neither pattern. It is the default label, and it does not mean the work is poor; many sound lab and imaging papers land here. It can add at most 5 of the 100 points in the study score, and it is a label about design, not a verdict on whether the findings are true.

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Key findings

Different mechanisms of associations between these diseases and diabetes mellitus have been suggested.
For example, it is postulated that an impaired intracellular insulin signaling pathway, together with hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia, may cause pathological changes, such as dysfunction of the mitochondria, oxidative stress inflammatory responses, etc.
The association between diabetes mellitus and neurodegenerative diseases, as well as the mechanisms of these associations, needs further investigation.
The aim of this review is to describe the associations between diabetes mellitus, especially type 1 (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus, and selected neurodegenerative diseases, i.e., Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Suggested mechanisms of these associations are also described.

Why it matters

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Study details

Evidence strengthLow

How this study scored 48/100

Published in a peer-reviewed journal. Scored zero for study design, sample size, effect reported, studied in people and randomized / blinded because the record does not state it.

Component	Points	Why
Journal tier	7 / 10	Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (International Journal of Molecular Sciences)
Journal's citation record	3 / 4	International Journal of Molecular Sciences: journal h-index 426 (OpenAlex, 2026-10-29)
Study design	0 / 12	No study design recorded — scores zero, not guessed (not stated in the record — scored 0)
Strength of evidence	1 / 5	Rated “low” in our summary
Peer-review validation	10 / 10	Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal.
How recent	4 / 5	2025 — within 3 year(s) of the newest study here
Sample size	0 / 4	Participant count not stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0)
Effect reported	0 / 3	No effect size reported — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0)
Studied in people	0 / 3	Not stated whether this was studied in people — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0)
Randomized / blinded	0 / 2	No randomization or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0)
Times cited	4 / 7	Cited 63 times (OpenAlex, 2026-10-10)
Citations per year	4 / 5	21.0 citations a year over 3 year(s) since 2025
Impact for its field and year	5 / 6	Cited 34.4× the average for papers of its field and year (OpenAlex FWCI)
Cited by studies here	1 / 6	Cited by 1 other studies in this library
Still being cited	3 / 4	Cited 63 times in 2024–2026 (2026 still in progress; OpenAlex)
Senior author's track record	2 / 4	Last-listed author Leszek Szablewski: h-index 24 (OpenAlex, whole career)
Institution's track record	0 / 3	Medical University of Warsaw: institution h-index 348 (OpenAlex)
Multicenter collaboration	0 / 3	OpenAlex lists 1 institution(s) in 1 country — scores zero (affiliation lists can be incomplete)
Indexed in PubMed	2 / 2	Indexed in PubMed (PMID 39859258)
Free to read	2 / 2	Free to read
Total	48 / 100	—

What each of these 20 components measures, and what this score is not →

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