The Links between Cardiovascular Diseases and Alzheimer's Disease
Leszek J, Mikhaylenko EV, Belousov DM, Koutsouraki E, Szczechowiak K, Kobusiak-Prokopowicz M, Mysiak A, Diniz BS et al.. Current neuropharmacology, 2021-01-01
Topic: Amyloid, tau and blood-test diagnosis
The root cause of non-inherited Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains unknown despite hundreds of research studies performed to attempt to solve this problem. Since proper prophylaxis remains the best strategy, many scientists have studied the risk factors that may affect AD development. There is robust evidence supporting the hypothesis that cardiovascular diseases (CVD) may contribute to AD progression, as the diseases often coexist. Therefore, a lack of well-defined diagnostic criteria makes studying the relationship between AD and CVD complicated. Additionally, inflammation accompanies the pathogenesis of AD and CVD, and is not only a consequence but also implicated as a significant contributor to the course of the diseases. Of note, АроЕε4 is found to be one of the major risk factors affecting both the cardiovascular and nervous systems. According to genome wide association and epidemiological studies, numerous common risk factors have been associated with the development of AD-related pathology. Furthermore, the risk of developing AD and CVDs appears to be increased by a wide range of conditions and lifestyle factors: hypertension, dyslipidemia, hypercholesterolemia, hyperhomocysteinemia, gut/oral microbiota, physical activity, and diet. This review summarizes the literature and provides possible mechanistic links between CVDs and AD.
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APA 7th
Leszek, J., Mikhaylenko, E. V., Belousov, D. M., Koutsouraki, E., Szczechowiak, K., Kobusiak-Prokopowicz, M., et al. (2021). The Links between Cardiovascular Diseases and Alzheimer's Disease. Current neuropharmacology. https://doi.org/10.2174/1570159x18666200729093724
Vancouver
Leszek J, Mikhaylenko EV, Belousov DM, Koutsouraki E, Szczechowiak K, Kobusiak-Prokopowicz M, et al. The Links between Cardiovascular Diseases and Alzheimer's Disease. Current neuropharmacology. 2021. doi:10.2174/1570159x18666200729093724. PMID: 32727331.
BibTeX
@article{leszek2021-32727331,
author = {Leszek, J. and Mikhaylenko, E. V. and Belousov, D. M. and Koutsouraki, E. and Szczechowiak, K. and Kobusiak-Prokopowicz, M. and Mysiak, A. and Diniz, B. S. and others},
title = {{The Links between Cardiovascular Diseases and Alzheimer's Disease}},
journal = {Current neuropharmacology},
year = {2021},
doi = {10.2174/1570159x18666200729093724},
pmid = {32727331},
url = {https://doi.org/10.2174/1570159x18666200729093724}
}
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Key findings
- Additionally, inflammation accompanies the pathogenesis of AD and CVD, and is not only a consequence but also implicated as a significant contributor to the course of the diseases.
- According to genome wide association and epidemiological studies, numerous common risk factors have been associated with the development of AD-related pathology.
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Study details
- Evidence strengthLow
How this study scored 43/100
Published in a peer-reviewed journal. Scored zero for study design, sample size, effect reported, studied in people and randomised / blinded because the record does not state it. We have no data on journal's citation record, times cited, citations per year, impact for its field and year, cited by studies here, still being cited, senior author's track record, institution's track record and multi-centre collaboration, so those were left out: it earned 25 of the 58 points we could judge it on, which is 43 out of 100.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 7 / 10 | Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (Current neuropharmacology) |
| Journal's citation record | — / 4 | No journal record from OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Study design | 0 / 12 | No study design recorded — scores zero, not guessed (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Strength of evidence | 1 / 5 | Rated “low” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 3 / 5 | 2021 — within 6 year(s) of the newest study here |
| Sample size | 0 / 4 | Participant count not stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Effect reported | 0 / 3 | No effect size reported — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Studied in people | 0 / 3 | Not stated whether this was studied in people — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Randomised / blinded | 0 / 2 | No randomisation or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Times cited | — / 7 | No citation count (not found in OpenAlex) — left out of this score |
| Citations per year | — / 5 | No citation count or no year — left out of this score |
| Impact for its field and year | — / 6 | No field-weighted citation impact (OpenAlex has none yet) — left out of this score |
| Cited by studies here | — / 6 | Not yet checked against this library's citation graph — left out of this score |
| Still being cited | — / 4 | No yearly citation counts — left out of this score |
| Senior author's track record | — / 4 | Senior author's record not available — left out of this score |
| Institution's track record | — / 3 | No institution listed in OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Multi-centre collaboration | — / 3 | Institutions not listed — left out of this score |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 32727331) |
| Free to read | 2 / 2 | Free to read |
| Points | 25 / 58 | Scored on 11 of 20 parts. We have no data for the rest, so they are left out: 25 of the 58 points we could judge it on is 43 out of 100. |
| Total | 43 / 100 | — |
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