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Retinal vessel diameters and cerebral small vessel disease: the Rotterdam Scan Study
Ikram MK, De Jong FJ, Van Dijk EJ, Prins ND, Hofman A, Breteler MM, De Jong PT.. Brain : a journal of neurology, 2005-11-29
Topic: Risk, prevention and care in population studies
The direct visualization of retinal vessels provides a unique opportunity to study cerebral small vessel disease, because these vessels share many features. It was reported that persons with smaller retinal arteriolar-to-venular ratio tended to have more white matter lesions on MRI. It is unclear whether this is due to arteriolar narrowing or venular dilatation. We investigated whether smaller arteriolar or larger venular diameters or both were related to severity and progression of cerebral small vessel disease. We studied 490 persons (60-90 years) without dementia from a population-based cohort study. At baseline (1990-1993), retinal arteriolar and venular diameters were measured on digitized images of one eye of each participant. In 1995-1996, participants underwent cerebral MRI scanning. We rated the severity of periventricular white matter lesions on a 9-point scale, approximated a total subcortical white matter lesion volume (range: 0-29.5 ml) and rated the presence of lacunar infarcts. On average 3.3 years later, 279 persons had a second MRI. Changes in periventricular and subcortical white matter lesions were rated with a semi-quantitative scale, and progression was classified as no, minor and marked. An incident infarct was a new infarct on the follow-up MRI. Neither venular nor arteriolar diameters were related to the severity of cerebral small vessel disease. Larger venular diameters were, however, associated with a marked progression of cerebral small vessel disease. Age and gender adjusted odds ratios (ORs) per standard deviation increase were 1.71 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.11-2.61] for periventricular, 1.72 (95% CI: 1.09-2.71) for subcortical white matter lesion progression and 1.59 (95% CI: 1.06-2.39) for incident lacunar infarcts. These associations were independent of other cardiovascular risk factors. Only the OR for incident lacunar infarcts was attenuated (1.24; 95% CI: 0.72-2.12). No association was observed between arteriolar diameters and progression of cerebral small vessel disease. In conclusion, retinal venular dilatation was related to progression of cerebral small vessel disease. The mechanisms underlying venular dilatation deserve more attention, as they may provide new clues into the pathophysiology of cerebral small vessel disease.
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APA 7th
Ikram, M. K., De Jong, F. J., Van Dijk, E. J., Prins, N. D., Hofman, A., Breteler, M. M., et al. (2006). Retinal vessel diameters and cerebral small vessel disease: the Rotterdam Scan Study. Brain : a journal of neurology. https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awh688
Vancouver
Ikram MK, De Jong FJ, Van Dijk EJ, Prins ND, Hofman A, Breteler MM, et al. Retinal vessel diameters and cerebral small vessel disease: the Rotterdam Scan Study. Brain : a journal of neurology. 2006. doi:10.1093/brain/awh688. PMID: 16317022.
BibTeX
@article{ikram2006-16317022,
author = {Ikram, M. K. and De Jong, F. J. and Van Dijk, E. J. and Prins, N. D. and Hofman, A. and Breteler, M. M. and De Jong, P. T.},
title = {{Retinal vessel diameters and cerebral small vessel disease: the Rotterdam Scan Study}},
journal = {Brain : a journal of neurology},
year = {2006},
doi = {10.1093/brain/awh688},
pmid = {16317022},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awh688}
}
Built from the record alzhub holds for this paper, not looked up. Volume, issue and page numbers are not held in the record. The record names 7 authors; APA and Vancouver show the first six, BibTeX and the downloads carry all of them. Check the citation against the original before you use it.
Key findings
- Larger venular diameters were, however, associated with a marked progression of cerebral small vessel disease.
- In conclusion, retinal venular dilatation was related to progression of cerebral small vessel disease.
Study details
- Study designcohort study
- Participants490
- Evidence strengthModerate
How this study scored 64/100
Published in a leading specialty journal, and it is a cohort study following people over time. Scored zero for effect reported and randomised / blinded because the record does not state it. We have no data on journal's citation record, times cited, citations per year, impact for its field and year, cited by studies here, still being cited, senior author's track record, institution's track record and multi-centre collaboration, so those were left out: it earned 37 of the 58 points we could judge it on, which is 64 out of 100.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 9 / 10 | Tier 2 — leading specialty journal (Brain : a journal of neurology) |
| Journal's citation record | — / 4 | No journal record from OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Study design | 7 / 12 | A cohort study following people over time |
| Strength of evidence | 3 / 5 | Rated “moderate” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 1 / 5 | 2006 — older than 20 years, still counted |
| Sample size | 2 / 4 | 490 participants |
| Effect reported | 0 / 3 | No effect size reported — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Studied in people | 3 / 3 | Studied in people (participant count stated) |
| Randomised / blinded | 0 / 2 | No randomisation or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Times cited | — / 7 | No citation count (not found in OpenAlex) — left out of this score |
| Citations per year | — / 5 | No citation count or no year — left out of this score |
| Impact for its field and year | — / 6 | No field-weighted citation impact (OpenAlex has none yet) — left out of this score |
| Cited by studies here | — / 6 | Not yet checked against this library's citation graph — left out of this score |
| Still being cited | — / 4 | No yearly citation counts — left out of this score |
| Senior author's track record | — / 4 | Senior author's record not available — left out of this score |
| Institution's track record | — / 3 | No institution listed in OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Multi-centre collaboration | — / 3 | Institutions not listed — left out of this score |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 16317022) |
| Free to read | 0 / 2 | Behind a paywall — scores zero |
| Points | 37 / 58 | Scored on 11 of 20 parts. We have no data for the rest, so they are left out: 37 of the 58 points we could judge it on is 64 out of 100. |
| Total | 64 / 100 | — |
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