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Depression and vascular disease: what is the relationship?
Thomas AJ, Kalaria RN, O'Brien JT.. Journal of affective disorders, 2004-04-01
Topic: Risk, prevention and care in population studies
Background the 'vascular depression' hypothesis proposes that vascular disease predisposes to, precipitates or perpetuates depression, and this proposal has stimulated further research into the relationship of depression to vascular disease. Methods We investigated the nature of the relationship between depression and vascular diseases by reviewing epidemiological, clinical, neuroimaging and neuropathology studies which have reported on the relationship of depression to coronary artery disease, stroke disease, alterations in blood pressure, vascular dementia, diabetes mellitus and cholesterol levels and by reviewing potential mechanisms by which depression could be associated with vascular diseases. Results there is abundant and increasing evidence from these different lines of research that depression has a bidirectional association with vascular diseases and plausible mechanisms exist which explain how depression might increase these vascular diseases and vice versa. Limitations this was not a systematic review and so not every report of relevance has been included. Conclusions depression has a clear bidirectional relationship with vascular diseases. Further study is needed to clarify the mechanisms involved and to investigate the benefits of conventional and novel treatments for vascular diseases in depressive illness.
Key findings
- Methods We investigated the nature of the relationship between depression and vascular diseases by reviewing epidemiological, clinical, neuroimaging and neuropathology studies which have reported on the relationship of depression to coronary artery disease, stroke disease, alterations in blood pressure, vascular dementia, diabetes mellitus and cholesterol levels and by reviewing potential mechanisms by which depression could be associated with vascular diseases.
- Results there is abundant and increasing evidence from these different lines of research that depression has a bidirectional association with vascular diseases and plausible mechanisms exist which explain how depression might increase these vascular diseases and vice versa.
Study details
- Study designsystematic review
- Evidence strengthHigh
How this study scored 64/100
Published in a peer-reviewed journal, and it is a systematic review of all the studies on the question. Scored zero for sample size, effect reported and studied in people because the record does not state it. We have no data on journal's citation record, times cited, citations per year, impact for its field and year, cited by studies here, still being cited, senior author's track record, institution's track record and multi-centre collaboration, so those were left out: it earned 37 of the 58 points we could judge it on, which is 64 out of 100.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 7 / 10 | Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (Journal of affective disorders) |
| Journal's citation record | — / 4 | No journal record from OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Study design | 12 / 12 | A systematic review of all the studies on the question |
| Strength of evidence | 5 / 5 | Rated “high” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 1 / 5 | 2004 — older than 20 years, still counted |
| Sample size | 0 / 4 | Participant count not stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Effect reported | 0 / 3 | No effect size reported — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Studied in people | 0 / 3 | Not stated whether this was studied in people — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Randomised / blinded | 0 / 2 | A review of other studies — randomisation is not credited here |
| Times cited | — / 7 | No citation count (not found in OpenAlex) — left out of this score |
| Citations per year | — / 5 | No citation count or no year — left out of this score |
| Impact for its field and year | — / 6 | No field-weighted citation impact (OpenAlex has none yet) — left out of this score |
| Cited by studies here | — / 6 | Not yet checked against this library's citation graph — left out of this score |
| Still being cited | — / 4 | No yearly citation counts — left out of this score |
| Senior author's track record | — / 4 | Senior author's record not available — left out of this score |
| Institution's track record | — / 3 | No institution listed in OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Multi-centre collaboration | — / 3 | Institutions not listed — left out of this score |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 15023483) |
| Free to read | 0 / 2 | Behind a paywall — scores zero |
| Points | 37 / 58 | Scored on 11 of 20 parts. We have no data for the rest, so they are left out: 37 of the 58 points we could judge it on is 64 out of 100. |
| Total | 64 / 100 | — |
What each of these 20 components measures, and what this score is not →
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APA 7th
Thomas, A. J., Kalaria, R. N., & O'Brien, J. T. (2004). Depression and vascular disease: what is the relationship? Journal of affective disorders. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0165-0327(02)00349-x
Vancouver
Thomas AJ, Kalaria RN, O'Brien JT. Depression and vascular disease: what is the relationship? Journal of affective disorders. 2004. doi:10.1016/s0165-0327(02)00349-x. PMID: 15023483.
BibTeX
@article{thomas2004-15023483,
author = {Thomas, A. J. and Kalaria, R. N. and O'Brien, J. T.},
title = {{Depression and vascular disease: what is the relationship?}},
journal = {Journal of affective disorders},
year = {2004},
doi = {10.1016/s0165-0327(02)00349-x},
pmid = {15023483},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/s0165-0327(02)00349-x}
}
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