Home › Research › Biomarkers
Palmitoylated Prolactin-releasing Peptide Reduced Aβ Plaques and Microgliosis in the Cerebellum: APP/PS1 Mice Study
Mengr A, Hrubá L, Exnerová A, Holubová M, Popelová A, Železná B, Kuneš J, Maletínská L.. Current Alzheimer research, 2021-01-01
Topic: Brain proteins, microglia and lab models
Background Prolactin-releasing peptide (PrRP) is a potential drug for the treatment of obesity and associated Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) due to its strong anorexigenic and antidiabetic properties. In our recent study, the lipidized PrRP analog palm11-PrRP31 was proven to exert beneficial effects in APP/PS1 mice, a model of Alzheimer´s Disease (AD)-like amyloid-β (Aβ) pathology, reducing the Aβ plaque load, microgliosis and astrocytosis in the hippocampus and cortex. Objective In this study, we focused on the neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects of palm11-PrRP31 and its possible impact on synaptogenesis in the cerebellum of APP/PS1 mice, because others have suggested that cerebellar Aβ plaques contribute to cognitive deficits in AD. Methods APP/PS1 mice were treated subcutaneously with palm11-PrRP31 for 2 months, then immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry were used to quantify pathological markers connected to AD, compared to control mice. Results In the cerebella of 8 months old APP/PS1 mice, we found widespread Aβ plaques surrounded by activated microglia detected by ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule (Iba1), but no increase in astrocytic marker Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) compared to controls. Interestingly, no difference in both presynaptic markers syntaxin1A and postsynaptic marker spinophilin was registered between APP/PS1 and control mice. Palm11-PrRP31 treatment significantly reduced the Aβ plaque load and microgliosis in the cerebellum. Furthermore, palm11-PrRP31 increased synaptogenesis and attenuated neuroinflammation and apoptosis in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice. Conclusion These results suggest palm11-PrRP31 is a promising agent for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders.
Cite this study APA, Vancouver, BibTeX · download .bib or .ris
APA 7th
Mengr, A., Hrubá, L., Exnerová, A., Holubová, M., Popelová, A., Železná, B., et al. (2021). Palmitoylated Prolactin-releasing Peptide Reduced Aβ Plaques and Microgliosis in the Cerebellum: APP/PS1 Mice Study. Current Alzheimer research. https://doi.org/10.2174/1567205018666210922110652
Vancouver
Mengr A, Hrubá L, Exnerová A, Holubová M, Popelová A, Železná B, et al. Palmitoylated Prolactin-releasing Peptide Reduced Aβ Plaques and Microgliosis in the Cerebellum: APP/PS1 Mice Study. Current Alzheimer research. 2021. doi:10.2174/1567205018666210922110652. PMID: 34551697.
BibTeX
@article{mengr2021-34551697,
author = {Mengr, A. and Hrubá, L. and Exnerová, A. and Holubová, M. and Popelová, A. and Železná, B. and Kuneš, J. and Maletínská, L.},
title = {{Palmitoylated Prolactin-releasing Peptide Reduced Aβ Plaques and Microgliosis in the Cerebellum: APP/PS1 Mice Study}},
journal = {Current Alzheimer research},
year = {2021},
doi = {10.2174/1567205018666210922110652},
pmid = {34551697},
url = {https://doi.org/10.2174/1567205018666210922110652}
}
Built from the record alzhub holds for this paper, not looked up. Volume, issue and page numbers are not held in the record. The record names 8 authors; APA and Vancouver show the first six, BibTeX and the downloads carry all of them. Check the citation against the original before you use it.
Key findings
- Objective In this study, we focused on the neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects of palm11-PrRP31 and its possible impact on synaptogenesis in the cerebellum of APP/PS1 mice, because others have suggested that cerebellar Aβ plaques contribute to cognitive deficits in AD.
- Methods APP/PS1 mice were treated subcutaneously with palm11-PrRP31 for 2 months, then immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry were used to quantify pathological markers connected to AD, compared to control mice.
- Results In the cerebella of 8 months old APP/PS1 mice, we found widespread Aβ plaques surrounded by activated microglia detected by ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule (Iba1), but no increase in astrocytic marker Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) compared to controls.
- Palm11-PrRP31 treatment significantly reduced the Aβ plaque load and microgliosis in the cerebellum.
- Conclusion These results suggest palm11-PrRP31 is a promising agent for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders.
Why it matters
In APP/PS1 mice, a lipidized prolactin-releasing peptide analog was tested for effects on amyloid plaques and inflammation in the cerebellum. This is an animal study and does not show that the treatment works in people with Alzheimer's disease.
New to this subject? Start with our plain-English guide: Blood tests & biomarkers →
Study details
- Evidence strengthLow
How this study scored 33/100
Published in a peer-reviewed journal. Scored zero for study design, sample size, effect reported and randomised / blinded because the record does not state it.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 7 / 10 | Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (Current Alzheimer research) |
| Journal's citation record | 1 / 4 | Current Alzheimer Research: journal h-index 119 (OpenAlex, 2026-10-29) |
| Study design | 0 / 12 | No study design recorded — scores zero, not guessed (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Strength of evidence | 1 / 5 | Rated “low” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 3 / 5 | 2021 — within 6 year(s) of the newest study here |
| Sample size | 0 / 4 | Participant count not stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Effect reported | 0 / 3 | No effect size reported — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Studied in people | 0 / 3 | Laboratory or animal study (title names “app/ps1”) — scores zero |
| Randomised / blinded | 0 / 2 | No randomisation or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Times cited | 2 / 7 | Cited 10 times (OpenAlex, 2026-10-10) |
| Citations per year | 1 / 5 | 1.4 citations a year over 7 year(s) since 2021 |
| Impact for its field and year | 1 / 6 | Cited 0.7× the average for papers of its field and year (OpenAlex FWCI) |
| Cited by studies here | 1 / 6 | Cited by 1 other studies in this library |
| Still being cited | 1 / 4 | Cited 7 times in 2024–2026 (2026 still in progress; OpenAlex) |
| Senior author's track record | 2 / 4 | Last-listed author Lenka Maletı́nská: h-index 29 (OpenAlex, whole career) |
| Institution's track record | 0 / 3 | Czech Academy of Sciences: institution h-index 635 (OpenAlex) |
| Multi-centre collaboration | 1 / 3 | OpenAlex lists 2 institution(s) in 1 country |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 34551697) |
| Free to read | 0 / 2 | Behind a paywall — scores zero |
| Total | 33 / 100 | — |
What each of these 20 components measures, and what this score is not →
Read the original
May need a subscription Unpaywall, Europe PMC and OpenAlex found no free copy of the full text (checked 10 Oct 2026), so the publisher may charge for it. The PubMed abstract is free.
Studies this one cites
Referenced by this study and also in the alzhub library, so you can read them here.
Later studies that cite this one
1 study in the alzhub library lists this one in its references.
Related studies in Biomarkers
Also tagged “tdp-43”
1,150 studies in the library carry the topic tag “tdp-43”; these are this study's neighbours in a fixed, alphabetical-by-hash tour of them, not the closest in content. All 1,150 tagged studies.