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P1‐572: EFFECTS OF NEIGHBORHOOD DISADVANTAGE ON COGNITION IN AFRICAN‐AMERICAN OLDER ADULTS
Keisha C. Jones, Bailee Boggess, Allison Gibson, Justin M. Barber, Allison Mercedes Caban-Holt, Gregory A. Jicha. Alzheimer s & Dementia, 2019-07-01
Topic: Risk, prevention and care in population studies
Overall health is significantly impacted by where one lives. Although neighborhood disadvantage has been shown to affect risk of disease and other chronic disorders, little evidence exists to demonstrate an association between neighborhood disadvantage and cognitive impairment in older adults. This study will discuss implications of using the Area Development Index (ADI) to examine the relationship between cognitive status and cognitive test performance in African-Americans. It is hypothesized that an increased ADI score, indicating a less desirable or supportive area, would yield lower cognitive function. A sample of 100 self-identified African Americans study participants from an Alzheimer's disease center in the southeastern USA. Rankings of neighborhoods by socioeconomic status disadvantage (Area Deprivation Index; ADI) scores, along with a variety of cognitive testing results. Tests were selected from the Uniform Data Set (UDS) from the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center. Partial correlation analyses were used to control for age, sex, and education. Of the sample, the majority of respondents were female (78%), with a mean age of 77.54, and an average education level of 14 years. 55% of participants were cognitively normal, 23% had mild cognitive impairment, and 18% had a diagnosis with dementia. The average ADI score was 5. Results showed a trend that, compared to other groups, demented participants tended to have a higher ADI (p = 0.1762). The relationship between cognitive test scores and ADI was not statistically significant, except for Digit Span Forward (p = 0.009). While it is known that socioeconomic factors can have an influence on overall health, the results indicate differently for cognitive status. Those with dementia tended to have a poorer ADI score, indicating that a less desirable or supportive living area be related to diagnosis. However, Digit Span Forward was the only cognitive measure that was significant, potentially showing that attention could be influenced by the environment in which a person lives. Future studies could benefit from examining neighborhood disadvantage from multiple points in the lifespan, as well as exploring the relationship between ADI, cognition, and diagnosis.
Key findings
- Overall health is significantly impacted by where one lives.
- Rankings of neighborhoods by socioeconomic status disadvantage (Area Deprivation Index; ADI) scores, along with a variety of cognitive testing results.
- Results showed a trend that, compared to other groups, demented participants tended to have a higher ADI (p = 0.1762).
- The relationship between cognitive test scores and ADI was not statistically significant, except for Digit Span Forward (p = 0.009).
- While it is known that socioeconomic factors can have an influence on overall health, the results indicate differently for cognitive status.
Why it matters
In 100 African American participants, the relationship between neighborhood disadvantage and cognitive test scores was not statistically significant except for one test of digit span. The finding that participants with dementia tended to live in more disadvantaged areas was only a trend, so no firm conclusion can be drawn.
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Study details
- Evidence strengthLow
How this study scored 29/100
Published in a peer-reviewed journal. Scored zero for study design, sample size, effect reported, studied in people and randomised / blinded because the record does not state it.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 7 / 10 | Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (Alzheimer s & Dementia) |
| Journal's citation record | 2 / 4 | Alzheimer s & Dementia: journal h-index 228 (OpenAlex, 2026-10-29) |
| Study design | 0 / 12 | No study design recorded — scores zero, not guessed (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Strength of evidence | 1 / 5 | Rated “low” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 2 / 5 | 2019 — within 10 year(s) of the newest study here |
| Sample size | 0 / 4 | Participant count not stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Effect reported | 0 / 3 | No effect size reported — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Studied in people | 0 / 3 | Not stated whether this was studied in people — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Randomised / blinded | 0 / 2 | No randomisation or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Times cited | 0 / 7 | Cited 0 times (OpenAlex, 2026-10-10) |
| Citations per year | 0 / 5 | 0.0 citations a year over 9 year(s) since 2019 |
| Impact for its field and year | 0 / 6 | Cited 0.0× the average for papers of its field and year (OpenAlex FWCI) |
| Cited by studies here | 0 / 6 | No other study in this library cites it |
| Still being cited | 0 / 4 | Cited 0 times in 2024–2026 (2026 still in progress; OpenAlex) |
| Senior author's track record | 3 / 4 | Last-listed author Gregory A. Jicha: h-index 96 (OpenAlex, whole career) |
| Institution's track record | 1 / 3 | University of Kentucky: institution h-index 824 (OpenAlex) |
| Multi-centre collaboration | 0 / 3 | OpenAlex lists 1 institution(s) in 1 country — scores zero (affiliation lists can be incomplete) |
| Indexed in PubMed | 1 / 2 | Not in PubMed, but has a DOI |
| Free to read | 2 / 2 | Free to read |
| Total | 29 / 100 | — |
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APA 7th
Jones, K. C., Boggess, B., Gibson, A., Barber, J. M., Caban-Holt, A. M., & Jicha, G. A. (2019). P1‐572: EFFECTS OF NEIGHBORHOOD DISADVANTAGE ON COGNITION IN AFRICAN‐AMERICAN OLDER ADULTS. Alzheimer s & Dementia. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jalz.2019.06.1177
Vancouver
Jones KC, Boggess B, Gibson A, Barber JM, Caban-Holt AM, Jicha GA. P1‐572: EFFECTS OF NEIGHBORHOOD DISADVANTAGE ON COGNITION IN AFRICAN‐AMERICAN OLDER ADULTS. Alzheimer s & Dementia. 2019. doi:10.1016/j.jalz.2019.06.1177.
BibTeX
@article{jones2019-9550c6dc,
author = {Jones, Keisha C. and Boggess, Bailee and Gibson, Allison and Barber, Justin M. and Caban-Holt, Allison Mercedes and Jicha, Gregory A.},
title = {{P1‐572: EFFECTS OF NEIGHBORHOOD DISADVANTAGE ON COGNITION IN AFRICAN‐AMERICAN OLDER ADULTS}},
journal = {Alzheimer s \& Dementia},
year = {2019},
doi = {10.1016/j.jalz.2019.06.1177},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jalz.2019.06.1177}
}