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Social factors that predict cognitive decline in older African American adults
Erika Pugh, Alyssa De Vito, Ross Divers, Anthony Robinson, Daniel S Weitzner, Matthew Calamia. International journal of geriatric psychiatry, 2020-09-25
Topic: Brain imaging, connectivity and assessment
Social activity was associated with global cognition, perceptual speed, perceptual orientation, and episodic memory over time. Loneliness was associated with better semantic memory performance over time. Perceived discrimination was associated with better semantic memory performance over time. Larger social network was associated with worse perceptual speed scores over time. Although our findings on loneliness and perceived discrimination over time were inconsistent with prior research, our findings on social activity and social network size over time were consistent with past literature and are thought to be due to positive social interactions providing a catalyst for cognitively stimulating activities. These results suggest that interventions designed to preserve cognition in African American older adults should incorporate adequate social activity. Furthermore, to maximize effectiveness, interventions should not necessarily focus on just expanding one's social network.
Key findings
- Social activity was associated with global cognition, perceptual speed, perceptual orientation, and episodic memory over time.
- Loneliness was associated with better semantic memory performance over time.
- Perceived discrimination was associated with better semantic memory performance over time.
- Larger social network was associated with worse perceptual speed scores over time.
- Although our findings on loneliness and perceived discrimination over time were inconsistent with prior research, our findings on social activity and social network size over time were consistent with past literature and are thought to be due to positive social interactions providing a catalyst for cognitively stimulating activities.
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Study details
- Evidence strengthModerate
How this study scored 45/100
Published in a peer-reviewed journal. Scored zero for study design, sample size, effect reported, studied in people and randomised / blinded because the record does not state it. We have no data on journal's citation record, times cited, citations per year, impact for its field and year, cited by studies here, still being cited, senior author's track record, institution's track record, multi-centre collaboration and free to read, so those were left out: it earned 25 of the 56 points we could judge it on, which is 45 out of 100.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 7 / 10 | Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (International journal of geriatric psychiatry) |
| Journal's citation record | — / 4 | No journal record from OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Study design | 0 / 12 | No study design recorded — scores zero, not guessed (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Strength of evidence | 3 / 5 | Rated “moderate” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 3 / 5 | 2021 — within 6 year(s) of the newest study here |
| Sample size | 0 / 4 | Participant count not stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Effect reported | 0 / 3 | No effect size reported — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Studied in people | 0 / 3 | Not stated whether this was studied in people — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Randomised / blinded | 0 / 2 | No randomisation or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Times cited | — / 7 | No citation count (not found in OpenAlex) — left out of this score |
| Citations per year | — / 5 | No citation count or no year — left out of this score |
| Impact for its field and year | — / 6 | No field-weighted citation impact (OpenAlex has none yet) — left out of this score |
| Cited by studies here | — / 6 | Not yet checked against this library's citation graph — left out of this score |
| Still being cited | — / 4 | No yearly citation counts — left out of this score |
| Senior author's track record | — / 4 | Senior author's record not available — left out of this score |
| Institution's track record | — / 3 | No institution listed in OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Multi-centre collaboration | — / 3 | Institutions not listed — left out of this score |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 32946627) |
| Free to read | — / 2 | Access not recorded — left out of this score |
| Points | 25 / 56 | Scored on 10 of 20 parts. We have no data for the rest, so they are left out: 25 of the 56 points we could judge it on is 45 out of 100. |
| Total | 45 / 100 | — |
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APA 7th
Pugh, E., De Vito, A., Divers, R., Robinson, A., Weitzner, D. S., & Calamia, M. (2021). Social factors that predict cognitive decline in older African American adults. International journal of geriatric psychiatry. https://doi.org/10.1002/gps.5435
Vancouver
Pugh E, De Vito A, Divers R, Robinson A, Weitzner DS, Calamia M. Social factors that predict cognitive decline in older African American adults. International journal of geriatric psychiatry. 2021. doi:10.1002/gps.5435. PMID: 32946627.
BibTeX
@article{pugh2021-32946627,
author = {Pugh, Erika and De Vito, Alyssa and Divers, Ross and Robinson, Anthony and Weitzner, Daniel S and Calamia, Matthew},
title = {{Social factors that predict cognitive decline in older African American adults}},
journal = {International journal of geriatric psychiatry},
year = {2021},
doi = {10.1002/gps.5435},
pmid = {32946627},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1002/gps.5435}
}