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Medium-chain triglycerides tricaprin TC10 and tricaprylin TC8 attenuated HFD-induced cognitive decline in a manner dependent on or independent of GLP-1
Shobako M, Kawano K, Taniguchi E, Ohinata K.. Scientific reports, 2025-03-26
Topic: Brain proteins, microglia and lab models
Population aging is the most important social and medical demographic issue worldwide; therefore, healthy aging is important. The increasing prevalence of dementia and cognitive decline are major health concerns. Medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs) have been shown to improve cognitive decline. The present study investigated the effects and mechanisms of action of orally administered MCTs, including tricaprylin (TC8), tricaprin (TC10), and trilaurin (TC12), on cognitive function in mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD). The administration of TC8 and TC10 attenuated cognitive decline. A relationship has been reported between cognitive dysfunction and impaired glucose metabolism. The administration of TC8 and TC10 also reduced blood glucose levels in the glucose tolerance test. Cognitive improvements by MCTs are widely attributed to the ketogenic effect. In the present study, TC8 significantly increased blood ketone concentrations, whereas TC10 did not. On the other hand, TC10 increased the plasma concentration of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), the hormone that promotes insulin secretion. The administration of the GLP-1 receptor antagonist, exendin(9-39), blocked the cognitive-enhancing effects of TC10. These results suggest that TC10 improved cognitive function via the GLP-1 receptor. The in vitro experiment indicated that 2-monocaprin (2-MC10), not TC10, stimulated the secretion of GLP-1 and decreased intracellular cAMP concentrations. In conclusion, we herein demonstrated that TC8 and TC10 attenuated cognitive decline through different mechanisms. This is the first study to suggest that TC10 attenuates cognitive decline via GLP-1.
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APA 7th
Shobako, M., Kawano, K., Taniguchi, E., & Ohinata, K. (2025). Medium-chain triglycerides tricaprin TC10 and tricaprylin TC8 attenuated HFD-induced cognitive decline in a manner dependent on or independent of GLP-1. Scientific reports. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-94129-4
Vancouver
Shobako M, Kawano K, Taniguchi E, Ohinata K. Medium-chain triglycerides tricaprin TC10 and tricaprylin TC8 attenuated HFD-induced cognitive decline in a manner dependent on or independent of GLP-1. Scientific reports. 2025. doi:10.1038/s41598-025-94129-4. PMID: 40140693.
BibTeX
@article{shobako2025-40140693,
author = {Shobako, M. and Kawano, K. and Taniguchi, E. and Ohinata, K.},
title = {{Medium-chain triglycerides tricaprin TC10 and tricaprylin TC8 attenuated HFD-induced cognitive decline in a manner dependent on or independent of GLP-1}},
journal = {Scientific reports},
year = {2025},
doi = {10.1038/s41598-025-94129-4},
pmid = {40140693},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-94129-4}
}
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Key findings
- In the present study, TC8 significantly increased blood ketone concentrations, whereas TC10 did not.
- These results suggest that TC10 improved cognitive function via the GLP-1 receptor.
- The in vitro experiment indicated that 2-monocaprin (2-MC10), not TC10, stimulated the secretion of GLP-1 and decreased intracellular cAMP concentrations.
- In conclusion, we herein demonstrated that TC8 and TC10 attenuated cognitive decline through different mechanisms.
- This is the first study to suggest that TC10 attenuates cognitive decline via GLP-1.
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Study details
- Evidence strengthLow
How this study scored 45/100
Published in a peer-reviewed journal. Scored zero for study design, sample size, effect reported, studied in people and randomized / blinded because the record does not state it. We have no data on journal's citation record, times cited, citations per year, impact for its field and year, cited by studies here, still being cited, senior author's track record, institution's track record and multicenter collaboration, so those were left out: it earned 26 of the 58 points we could judge it on, which is 45 out of 100.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 7 / 10 | Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (Scientific reports) |
| Journal's citation record | — / 4 | No journal record from OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Study design | 0 / 12 | No study design recorded — scores zero, not guessed (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Strength of evidence | 1 / 5 | Rated “low” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 4 / 5 | 2025 — within 3 year(s) of the newest study here |
| Sample size | 0 / 4 | Participant count not stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Effect reported | 0 / 3 | No effect size reported — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Studied in people | 0 / 3 | Not stated whether this was studied in people — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Randomized / blinded | 0 / 2 | No randomization or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Times cited | — / 7 | No citation count (not found in OpenAlex) — left out of this score |
| Citations per year | — / 5 | No citation count or no year — left out of this score |
| Impact for its field and year | — / 6 | No field-weighted citation impact (OpenAlex has none yet) — left out of this score |
| Cited by studies here | — / 6 | Not yet checked against this library's citation graph — left out of this score |
| Still being cited | — / 4 | No yearly citation counts — left out of this score |
| Senior author's track record | — / 4 | Senior author's record not available — left out of this score |
| Institution's track record | — / 3 | No institution listed in OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Multicenter collaboration | — / 3 | Institutions not listed — left out of this score |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 40140693) |
| Free to read | 2 / 2 | Free to read |
| Points | 26 / 58 | Scored on 11 of 20 parts. We have no data for the rest, so they are left out: 26 of the 58 points we could judge it on is 45 out of 100. |
| Total | 45 / 100 | — |
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