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Newest in this topic

  1. The metabolic-brain axis: GLP-1 signaling, insulin resistance, and obesity pharmacotherapy in neurodegeneration 2026-10-30
  2. Beyond Glycemic Control: The Pleiotropic Role of GLP-1RAs and Melatonin in Combating Neuroinflammation and Mitochondrial Dysfunction 2026-10-28
  3. PFKFB3 inhibition restores β-cell responsiveness to acetylcholine in a 3xTg-AD pancreatic tissue-slice model 2026-10-07

Studies

285 studies carry this tag.

Date range

1994 to 2026

Top journals

  • International journal of molecular sciences 10
  • Neuropharmacology 10
  • Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD 9
  • European journal of pharmacology 8
  • Neurobiology of aging 6

177 journals in all.

Newest first, then by address. Each study has a usefulness score out of 100 (rubric version 4.0); tap a score to see what makes it up. Tags were assigned automatically from each study's title and summary. The same studies as a filter in the library.

  1. The metabolic-brain axis: GLP-1 signaling, insulin resistance, and obesity pharmacotherapy in neurodegeneration

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 45 out of 100. Metabolism: clinical and experimental 2026-10-30 Drug development

    The intersection of metabolic disease and neurodegeneration represents one of the most consequential frontiers in translational neuroscience.

  2. Beyond Glycemic Control: The Pleiotropic Role of GLP-1RAs and Melatonin in Combating Neuroinflammation and Mitochondrial Dysfunction

    ⚠ Preprint — not yet peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 16 out of 100. Preprints.org 2026-10-28 Drug development

    Mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and impaired protein homeostasis form interconnected pathological networks in acute central nervous system injury and chronic neurodegenerative disease.

  3. PFKFB3 inhibition restores β-cell responsiveness to acetylcholine in a 3xTg-AD pancreatic tissue-slice model

    ⚠ Preprint — not yet peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 16 out of 100. bioRxiv 2026-10-07 Risk factors

    The glycolytic regulator PFKFB3 supports dysfunctional β-cell states, but its role in pancreatic Ca 2+ signaling remains unclear.

  4. Patterns of GLP-1 Receptor Agonist Initiation Compared With Other Glucose-Lowering and Anti-Obesity Therapies Among Older Adults

    ⚠ Preprint — not yet peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 16 out of 100. medRxiv 2026-10-05 Drug development

    We describe the demographic and clinical characteristics of new initiators of GLP-1RAs compared with initiators of alternative therapies, including sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4i).

  5. Semaglutide Activates the Orexin/Hypocretin and Basal Forebrain Cholinergic Systems and Increases Acetylcholine Levels in the Hippocampus of Young and Aged Rats

    ⚠ Preprint — not yet peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 16 out of 100. bioRxiv 2026-08-06 Drug development

    GLP-1 agonist drug repurposing efforts may establish new clinical niches in managing psychiatric and neurological disorders.

  6. GLP-1 Receptor Agonists vs SGLT2 Inhibitors for Alzheimer’s Disease Risk in Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

    ⚠ Preprint — not yet peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 16 out of 100. medRxiv 2026-07-24 Drug development

    These findings reinforce the potential of GLP-1RAs and SGLT2i as therapeutic options to slow cognitive decline in DM2, possibly depending on glycemic control and central modulation.

  7. Type 1 diabetes is associated with higher plasma levels of biomarkers of neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 63 out of 100. Frontiers in immunology 2026-07-22 Biomarkers

    136 adults with T1D (n=90, age 52 years, 58% female, average HbA1c 7.7%) and without T1D (n=46, age 53 years, 57% female, average HbA1c 5.4%) were included.

  8. Reversibility and Access: A Two-Axis Framework for Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists Across the Neurological Spectrum, and a Falsifiable Analgesic Hypothesis for Chronic Migraine

    ⚠ Preprint — not yet peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 16 out of 100. Preprints.org 2026-07-17 Drug development

    Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) have moved rapidly from metabolic medicine into neurology, but the evidence to mid-2026 refuses to resolve into a single narrative of neuroprotection.

  9. Oral GLP-1 receptor agonist promotes astrocyte-neuron lactate and lipid transfer with neuroprotective effects

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 45 out of 100. Cell metabolism 2026-06-22 Drug development

    Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) activation is widely assumed to regulate the metabolic disorder in Alzheimer's disease (AD).

  10. Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists Inhibit the Initiation of Toxic Amyloid-β42 Aggregation

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 45 out of 100. Journal of the American Chemical Society 2026-05-14 Drug development

    The aggregation of the 42-residue form of the amyloid-β peptide (Aβ42) is important in Alzheimer's disease (AD).

  11. Use of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists and Risk of Parkinson's Disease: Scandinavian Cohort Study

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 73 out of 100. Diabetes, obesity & metabolism 2026-04-17 Drug development

    Mean age was 65 years and 43% were female.

  12. Effect of Glucagon-Like-Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists (GLP-1 RA) on Neuropsychiatric Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 79 out of 100. Clinical therapeutics 2026-03-19 Drug development

    From 10,037 records, 82 studies were included.

  13. Beyond Glycemic Control: GLP-1RA–Based Therapies and Emerging Targets Beyond the Metabolic Axis

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 41 out of 100. Journal of clinical medicine 2026-02-06 Drug development

    Considering the overall sci-entific evidence presented, it is important to note that GLPs are no longer just antihyperglycemic drugs but are remarkably versatile, with a future in almost every field of medicine.

  14. Mirtazapine for gastrointestinal side effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist therapy in older adults

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 48 out of 100. Endocrine regulations 2025-12-12 Drug development

    This case suggests that mirtazapine may be beneficial in mitigating GLP-1 RA-induced gastrointestinal side effects, thereby improving adherence and therapeutic efficacy.

  15. Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists and Risk of Parkinsonian Disorders in Patients with Obesity

    ⚠ Preprint — not yet peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 16 out of 100. medRxiv 2025-12-02 Drug development

    Among adults with obesity or overweight with a weight related condition, there was no difference in the risk of PD or Parkinsonian disorders between GLP-1 RA users and non-users.

  16. Neurodegeneration onset with glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in people with type 2 diabetes: a real-world multinational cohort study

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 63 out of 100. Cardiovascular diabetology 2025-11-07 Drug development

    Overall, 214,442 matched individuals initiated GLP-1 RAs or DPP4i (109,731 women, mean age 58.6 years [SD 12], and mean HbA1c 7.7% [1.4]).

  17. GLP-1 and the Degenerating Brain: Exploring Mechanistic Insights and Therapeutic Potential

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. International journal of molecular sciences 2025-11-05 Drug development

    Neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), stroke, and depression, are marked by progressive neuronal dysfunction and loss, yet current treatments remain largely symptomatic with limited disease-modifying efficacy.

  18. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and mental health: a narrative review of emerging benefits and risks

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 63 out of 100. Journal of Yeungnam medical science 2025-09-29 Drug development

    Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs), originally developed for type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity, are increasingly recognized for their significant impact on the central nervous system, leading to reports of both beneficial and adverse mental health effects.

  19. Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists in Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Comprehensive Review

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. Cureus 2025-09-16 Drug development

    There is a steadily increasing global burden of neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) such as dementia, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), and movement disorders like Parkinson's disease (PD), which emphasizes the importance of disease-modifying therapy (as opposed to symptomatic therapy).

  20. A recent phase III trial testing exendin-4 did not show an improvement, which may be linked to the lack of insulin desensitization in the study participants.

  21. Real-world observations of GLP-1 receptor agonists and SGLT-2 inhibitors as potential treatments for Alzheimer's disease

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 54 out of 100. Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association 2025-09 Drug development

    We identified GLP-1 receptor agonist initiation compared to DPP-4 inhibitors initiation was associated with a reduced risk of AD (hazard ratio [HR] ≤ 0.69 and P value < 0.001) and SGLT-2 inhibitor initiation compared to DPP-4 inhibitor initiation was associated with a reduced risk of AD (HR ≤ 0.67 and P value < 0.001).

  22. From metabolism to mind: The expanding role of the GLP-1 receptor in neurotherapeutics

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics 2025-07-29 Drug development

    GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs), initially approved for diabetes and obesity, are now under investigation for neuroprotective effects in a range of neurological disorders.

  23. Tirzepatide: a novel therapeutic approach for Alzheimer's disease

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. Metabolic brain disease 2025-06-11 Drug development

    Tirzepatide (TRZ) is a dual agonist of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) receptors that were recently approved for the treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity.

  24. Effects of the SGLT2 inhibitor dapagliflozin in early Alzheimer's disease: A randomized controlled trial

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 82 out of 100. Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association 2025-06 Drug development

    There was no change in the primary outcome.

  25. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in neurodegenerative diseases: Promises and challenges

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. Pharmacological research 2025-05-08 Drug development

    Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists (GRA) belong to a class of compounds that reduce blood glucose and energy intake by simulating actions of endogenous incretin hormone GLP-1 after it is released by the gut following food consumption.

  26. Linking Metabolic Syndrome to Neurodegeneration Mechanisms and Potential Treatments

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 59 out of 100. Molecular neurobiology 2025-04-24 Risk factors

    The global rise in both metabolic syndrome (MetS) and neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), particularly dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD) poses a growing health and socioeconomic burden.

  27. Our analysis encompassed 22 RCTs involving 138,282 participants (mean age 64.8 years, 36.4% female).

  28. Are Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) Receptor Agonists Central Nervous System (CNS) Penetrant: A Narrative Review

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. Neurology and therapy 2025-04-02 Drug development

    We identified 14 studies that were included in this synthesis.

  29. Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists: Exciting Avenues Beyond Weight Loss

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. Journal of clinical medicine 2025-03-14 Drug development

    The last two decades have proffered many remarkable choices in managing type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.

  30. [Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists: a new pharmacological treatment option for psychiatric illnesses?]

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. Der Nervenarzt 2025-03-05 Drug development

    Albiglutide, dulaglutide, exenatide, liraglutide, lixisenatide, orforglipron and semaglutide are glucagon-like peptide‑1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists.

  31. Impacts of tirzepatide on older patients with diminished β-cell function and dementia

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. Geriatrics & gerontology international 2025-02-25 Drug development

    Tirzepatide could control postprandial hyperglycemia even in cases with diminished β-cell function.

  32. Semaglutide: Double-edged Sword with Risks and Benefits

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. Archives of internal medicine research 2025-01-10 Drug development

    Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus therapy has evolved over the years to now include a new class of therapeutics, semaglutide.

  33. Accumulated BCAAs and BCKAs contribute to the HFD-induced deterioration of Alzheimer's disease via a dysfunctional TREM2-related reduction in microglial β-amyloid clearance

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. Journal of neuroinflammation 2024-12-23 TREM2 and immune genetics

    A high-fat diet (HFD) induces obesity and insulin resistance, which may exacerbate amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) pathology during Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression.

  34. GLP-1 receptor signaling restores aquaporin 4 subcellular polarization in reactive astrocytes and promotes amyloid β clearance in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 2024-11-19 Drug development

    The physiological actions of a gut hormone, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), in Alzheimer's disease (AD) brain remain poorly understood, although GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) expression in this organ has been shown in several experimental studies.

  35. Role of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 45 out of 100. Journal of biomedical science 2024-11-05 Drug development

    Neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and Parkinson's Disease (PD) are common complications of diabetes, arising from insulin resistance, inflammation, and other pathological processes in the central nervous system.

  36. Efficacy and Safety of GLP-1 Medicines for Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 45 out of 100. Diabetes care 2024-11-01 Drug development

    The development of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) for type 2 diabetes and obesity was followed by data establishing the cardiorenal benefits of GLP-1RA in select patient populations.

  37. Neuroprotective effects of GLP-1 receptor agonists in neurodegenerative Disorders: A Large-Scale Propensity-Matched cohort study

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 74 out of 100. International immunopharmacology 2024-10-31 Drug development

    This study provides evidence that the effects of GLP-1 receptor agonists may extend beyond their known metabolic and cardioprotective benefits to include neuroprotection, associated with a decreased risk of developing various neurodegenerative disorders.

  38. Metformin Mitigates Trimethyltin-Induced Cognition Impairment and Hippocampal Neurodegeneration

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. Cellular and molecular neurobiology 2024-10-23 Drug development

    The neurotoxicant trimethyltin (TMT) triggers cognitive impairment and hippocampal neurodegeneration.

  39. GLP-1 analogue liraglutide attenuates CIH-induced cognitive deficits by inhibiting oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and apoptosis via the Nrf2/HO-1 and MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathways

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. International immunopharmacology 2024-09-24 Drug development

    Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common clinical condition linked to cognitive impairment, mainly characterized by chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH).

  40. The GLP-1 medicines semaglutide and tirzepatide do not alter disease-related pathology, behaviour or cognitive function in 5XFAD and APP/PS1 mice

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. Molecular metabolism 2024-08-30 Drug development

    Semaglutide reduced body weight and improved glucose tolerance in 12-month-old male and female 5XFAD and APP/PS1 mice, consistent with pharmacological engagement of the GLP-1R. Nevertheless, amyloid plaque density was not different in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, or subiculum of semaglutide-treated 12-month-old 5XFAD and APP/PS1 mice.

  41. Semaglutide Attenuates Anxious and Depressive-Like Behaviors and Reverses the Cognitive Impairment in a Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Mouse Model Via the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 41 out of 100. Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology 2024-07-23 Drug development

    Newly conducted research suggests that metabolic disorders, like diabetes and obesity, play a significant role as risk factors for psychiatric disorders.

  42. Incretin-Based Multi-Agonist Peptides Are Neuroprotective and Anti-Inflammatory in Cellular Models of Neurodegeneration

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. Biomolecules 2024-07-19 Drug development

    Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1)-based drugs have been approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and are widely used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity.

  43. Insulin resistance as the molecular link between diabetes and Alzheimer's disease

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. World journal of diabetes 2024-07-15 Risk factors

    Diabetes mellitus (DM) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are two major health concerns that have seen a rising prevalence worldwide.

  44. GLP-1 Receptor Agonists: Beyond Diabetes-What the Neurosurgeon Needs to Know

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. Neurosurgery practice 2024-06-27 Drug development

    Recent guidance from the American Society of Anesthesiologists demonstrates the importance of tailored management of GLP-RA drugs for surgical patients.

  45. The pooled trial included 88,381 participants who received prescriptions for GLP-1 agonists (n = 12,351), DPP-4 inhibitors (n = 43,850), or sulfonylureas (n = 32,216) at baseline and were followed for an average of 4.3 years.

  46. AdipoRon Ameliorates Synaptic Dysfunction and Inhibits tau Hyperphosphorylation through the AdipoR/AMPK/mTOR Pathway in T2DM Mice

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. Neurochemical research 2024-05-31 Disease mechanisms

    There is growing evidence showing that adiponectin (APN) can improve Alzheimer's disease(AD)-like pathological changes by improving insulin resistance.

  47. Clinical Evidence for GLP-1 Receptor Agonists in Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 83 out of 100. Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports 2024-05-07 Drug development

    GLP-1 RA therapy did not alter amyloid-β and tau biomarkers nor show improvements in cognition but showed potential metabolic and neuroprotective benefits.

  48. Neuroinflammation induced by amyloid-forming pancreatic amylin: Rationale for a mechanistic hypothesis

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. Biophysical chemistry 2024-04-22 Inflammation and the immune system

    Amylin is a systemic neuroendocrine hormone co-expressed and co-secreted with insulin by pancreatic β-cells.

  49. Tirzepatide prevents neurodegeneration through multiple molecular pathways

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 45 out of 100. Journal of translational medicine 2024-01-29 Drug development

    We demonstrated that TIR can ameliorate high glucose-induced neurodegeneration and overcome neuronal insulin resistance.

  50. Reconsidering repurposing: long-term metformin treatment impairs cognition in Alzheimer's model mice

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. Translational psychiatry 2024-01-18 Drug development

    Metformin, a primary anti-diabetic medication, has been anticipated to provide benefits for Alzheimer's disease (AD), also known as "type 3 diabetes".

From across this tag

9 of the 285 studies in this tag, picked by a fixed rule (a hash of each study's address), not by score or date; each page of this list shows a different 9. The same 9 appear here every time.

All topic tags with their study counts