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Gamma Entrainment Binds Higher-Order Brain Regions and Offers Neuroprotection
Adaikkan C, Middleton SJ, Marco A, Pao PC, Mathys H, Kim DN, Gao F, Young JZ et al.. Neuron, 2019-05-07
Topic: Brain proteins, microglia and lab models
Neuronal and synaptic loss is characteristic in many neurodegenerative diseases, such as frontotemporal dementia and Alzheimer's disease. Recently, we showed that inducing gamma oscillations with visual stimulation (gamma entrainment using sensory stimuli, or GENUS) reduced amyloid plaques and phosphorylated tau in multiple mouse models. Whether GENUS can affect neurodegeneration or cognitive performance remains unknown. Here, we demonstrate that GENUS can entrain gamma oscillations in the visual cortex, hippocampus, and prefrontal cortex in Tau P301S and CK-p25 mouse models of neurodegeneration. Tau P301S and CK-p25 mice subjected to chronic, daily GENUS from the early stages of neurodegeneration showed a preservation of neuronal and synaptic density across multiple brain areas and modified cognitive performance. Our transcriptomic and phosphoproteomic data suggest that chronic GENUS shifts neurons to a less degenerative state, improving synaptic function, enhancing neuroprotective factors, and reducing DNA damage in neurons while also reducing inflammatory response in microglia.
Cite this study APA, Vancouver, BibTeX · download .bib or .ris
APA 7th
Adaikkan, C., Middleton, S. J., Marco, A., Pao, P. C., Mathys, H., Kim, D. N., et al. (2019). Gamma Entrainment Binds Higher-Order Brain Regions and Offers Neuroprotection. Neuron. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2019.04.011
Vancouver
Adaikkan C, Middleton SJ, Marco A, Pao PC, Mathys H, Kim DN, et al. Gamma Entrainment Binds Higher-Order Brain Regions and Offers Neuroprotection. Neuron. 2019. doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2019.04.011. PMID: 31076275.
BibTeX
@article{adaikkan2019-31076275,
author = {Adaikkan, C. and Middleton, S. J. and Marco, A. and Pao, P. C. and Mathys, H. and Kim, D. N. and Gao, F. and Young, J. Z. and others},
title = {{Gamma Entrainment Binds Higher-Order Brain Regions and Offers Neuroprotection}},
journal = {Neuron},
year = {2019},
doi = {10.1016/j.neuron.2019.04.011},
pmid = {31076275},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2019.04.011}
}
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Key findings
- Recently, we showed that inducing gamma oscillations with visual stimulation (gamma entrainment using sensory stimuli, or GENUS) reduced amyloid plaques and phosphorylated tau in multiple mouse models.
- Our transcriptomic and phosphoproteomic data suggest that chronic GENUS shifts neurons to a less degenerative state, improving synaptic function, enhancing neuroprotective factors, and reducing DNA damage in neurons while also reducing inflammatory response in microglia.
Why it matters
In two mouse models of neurodegeneration, daily gamma entrainment preserved neuronal and synaptic density and modified cognitive performance. It is animal research, so it does not yet show any treatment, cure or prevention for Alzheimer's disease.
Study details
- Evidence strengthLow
How this study scored 57/100
Published in a peer-reviewed journal. Scored zero for study design, sample size, effect reported, studied in people and randomised / blinded because the record does not state it.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 7 / 10 | Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (Neuron) |
| Journal's citation record | 4 / 4 | Neuron: journal h-index 689 (OpenAlex, 2026-10-29) |
| Study design | 0 / 12 | No study design recorded — scores zero, not guessed (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Strength of evidence | 1 / 5 | Rated “low” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 2 / 5 | 2019 — within 10 year(s) of the newest study here |
| Sample size | 0 / 4 | Participant count not stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Effect reported | 0 / 3 | No effect size reported — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Studied in people | 0 / 3 | Not stated whether this was studied in people — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Randomised / blinded | 0 / 2 | No randomisation or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Times cited | 6 / 7 | Cited 474 times (OpenAlex, 2026-10-10) |
| Citations per year | 5 / 5 | 52.7 citations a year over 9 year(s) since 2019 |
| Impact for its field and year | 5 / 6 | Cited 22.1× the average for papers of its field and year (OpenAlex FWCI) |
| Cited by studies here | 2 / 6 | Cited by 3 other studies in this library |
| Still being cited | 4 / 4 | Cited 240 times in 2024–2026 (2026 still in progress; OpenAlex) |
| Senior author's track record | 4 / 4 | Last-listed author Li‐Huei Tsai: h-index 131 (OpenAlex, whole career) |
| Institution's track record | 3 / 3 | Massachusetts Institute of Technology: institution h-index 2,557 (OpenAlex) |
| Multi-centre collaboration | 2 / 3 | OpenAlex lists 6 institution(s) in 2 countries |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 31076275) |
| Free to read | 0 / 2 | Behind a paywall — scores zero |
| Total | 57 / 100 | — |
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