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Declining executive control in normal aging predicts change in functional status: the Freedom House Study
Royall DR, Palmer R, Chiodo LK, Polk MJ.. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 2004-03-01
Topic: Risk, prevention and care in population studies
Objectives To assess the contribution of executive control function (ECF) to functional status. Design Three-year longitudinal cohort study. Setting A comprehensive-care retirement community.
Key findings
- Design Three-year longitudinal cohort study.
- Setting A comprehensive-care retirement community.
- Participants Five hundred forty-seven noninstitutionalized septuagenarians.
- Measurements The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Executive Interview (EXIT25).
Why it matters
This cohort study assessed whether declining executive control function predicts change in functional status in normal aging. It does not test any treatment, cure or prevention for Alzheimer's disease.
Study details
- Study designcohort study
- Evidence strengthModerate
How this study scored 53/100
Published in a peer-reviewed journal, and it is a cohort study following people over time. Scored zero for sample size, effect reported, studied in people and randomised / blinded because the record does not state it.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 7 / 10 | Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (Journal of the American Geriatrics Society) |
| Journal's citation record | 3 / 4 | Journal of the American Geriatrics Society: journal h-index 344 (OpenAlex, 2026-10-29) |
| Study design | 7 / 12 | A cohort study following people over time |
| Strength of evidence | 3 / 5 | Rated “moderate” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 1 / 5 | 2004 — older than 20 years, still counted |
| Sample size | 0 / 4 | Participant count not stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Effect reported | 0 / 3 | No effect size reported — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Studied in people | 0 / 3 | Not stated whether this was studied in people — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Randomised / blinded | 0 / 2 | No randomisation or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Times cited | 6 / 7 | Cited 327 times (OpenAlex, 2026-10-10) |
| Citations per year | 3 / 5 | 13.6 citations a year over 24 year(s) since 2004 |
| Impact for its field and year | 4 / 6 | Cited 8.7× the average for papers of its field and year (OpenAlex FWCI) |
| Cited by studies here | 2 / 6 | Cited by 6 other studies in this library |
| Still being cited | 1 / 4 | Cited 13 times in 2024–2026 (2026 still in progress; OpenAlex) |
| Senior author's track record | 2 / 4 | Last-listed author Marsha J. Polk: h-index 28 (OpenAlex, whole career) |
| Institution's track record | 1 / 3 | The University of Texas at San Antonio Health Science Center: institution h-index 883 (OpenAlex) |
| Multi-centre collaboration | 1 / 3 | OpenAlex lists 2 institution(s) in 1 country |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 14962147) |
| Free to read | 0 / 2 | Behind a paywall — scores zero |
| Total | 53 / 100 | — |
What each of these 20 components measures, and what this score is not →
Read the original
May need a subscription OpenAlex found no free copy of the full text (checked 6 Feb 1020), so the publisher may charge for it. The PubMed abstract is free.
Cite this study APA, Vancouver, BibTeX · download .bib or .ris
Built from the record alzhub holds for this paper, not looked up. Volume, issue and page numbers are not held in the record. Check the citation against the original before you use it.
APA 7th
Royall, D. R., Palmer, R., Chiodo, L. K., & Polk, M. J. (2004). Declining executive control in normal aging predicts change in functional status: the Freedom House Study. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.2004.52104.x
Vancouver
Royall DR, Palmer R, Chiodo LK, Polk MJ. Declining executive control in normal aging predicts change in functional status: the Freedom House Study. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society. 2004. doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2004.52104.x. PMID: 14962147.
BibTeX
@article{royall2004-14962147,
author = {Royall, D. R. and Palmer, R. and Chiodo, L. K. and Polk, M. J.},
title = {{Declining executive control in normal aging predicts change in functional status: the Freedom House Study}},
journal = {Journal of the American Geriatrics Society},
year = {2004},
doi = {10.1111/j.1532-5415.2004.52104.x},
pmid = {14962147},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.2004.52104.x}
}
Studies this one cites
Referenced by this study and also in the alzhub library, so you can read them here.
Later studies that cite this one
6 studies in the alzhub library list this one in their references.