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Cognitive trajectories and dementia risk in patients with schizophrenia spectrum versus affective disorders
Kathy Y Liu, Gayan Perera, Robert T. Howard, Christoph S. Mueller. Psychological Medicine, 2025-01-01
Topic: Risk, prevention and care in population studies
= 1,217; 65.0 years) showed earlier initial MMSE scores (by 6.1 years, 95% CI = 5.2-7.0), earlier dementia diagnoses (by 2.3 years, 95% CI = 0.9-3.7) but lower dementia risk (adjusted HR = 0.81; 95% CI = 0.69-0.95). Cognitive decline rates and dementia subtype diagnoses did not differ between affective and schizophrenia spectrum disorders, but it took longer for schizophrenia spectrum disorder patients to receive a dementia diagnosis (5.6 vs. 4.4 years). Anti-dementia medication was less likely to be prescribed in patients with schizophrenia versus depression. Cognitive concerns in older individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorders arise from around 63 years and are associated with earlier dementia risk versus older individuals with affective disorders. Findings emphasize the importance of targeted dementia prevention and treatment strategies in these individuals and the need to reduce the existing inequity of access to dementia services.
Cite this study APA, Vancouver, BibTeX · download .bib or .ris
APA 7th
Liu, K. Y., Perera, G., Howard, R. T., & Mueller, C. S. (2025). Cognitive trajectories and dementia risk in patients with schizophrenia spectrum versus affective disorders. Psychological Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0033291725101864
Vancouver
Liu KY, Perera G, Howard RT, Mueller CS. Cognitive trajectories and dementia risk in patients with schizophrenia spectrum versus affective disorders. Psychological Medicine. 2025. doi:10.1017/s0033291725101864. PMID: 41024703.
BibTeX
@article{liu2025-41024703,
author = {Liu, Kathy Y and Perera, Gayan and Howard, Robert T. and Mueller, Christoph S.},
title = {{Cognitive trajectories and dementia risk in patients with schizophrenia spectrum versus affective disorders}},
journal = {Psychological Medicine},
year = {2025},
doi = {10.1017/s0033291725101864},
pmid = {41024703},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1017/s0033291725101864}
}
Built from the record alzhub holds for this paper, not looked up. Volume, issue and page numbers are not held in the record. Check the citation against the original before you use it.
Key findings
- = 1,217; 65.0 years) showed earlier initial MMSE scores (by 6.1 years, 95% CI = 5.2-7.0), earlier dementia diagnoses (by 2.3 years, 95% CI = 0.9-3.7) but lower dementia risk (adjusted HR = 0.81; 95% CI = 0.69-0.95).
- Cognitive decline rates and dementia subtype diagnoses did not differ between affective and schizophrenia spectrum disorders, but it took longer for schizophrenia spectrum disorder patients to receive a dementia diagnosis (5.6 vs. 4.4 years).
- Anti-dementia medication was less likely to be prescribed in patients with schizophrenia versus depression.
- Cognitive concerns in older individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorders arise from around 63 years and are associated with earlier dementia risk versus older individuals with affective disorders.
- Findings emphasize the importance of targeted dementia prevention and treatment strategies in these individuals and the need to reduce the existing inequity of access to dementia services.
Why it matters
In this study of 1,217 patients, those with schizophrenia spectrum disorders had earlier initial MMSE scores and earlier dementia diagnoses but lower dementia risk than those with affective disorders. They also took longer to receive a dementia diagnosis and were less likely to be prescribed anti-dementia medication.
Study details
- Effect sizeHR = 0.81
- Evidence strengthLow
How this study scored 40/100
Published in a peer-reviewed journal. Scored zero for study design, sample size, studied in people and randomised / blinded because the record does not state it.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 7 / 10 | Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (Psychological Medicine) |
| Journal's citation record | 3 / 4 | Psychological Medicine: journal h-index 331 (OpenAlex, 2026-10-29) |
| Study design | 0 / 12 | No study design recorded — scores zero, not guessed (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Strength of evidence | 1 / 5 | Rated “low” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 4 / 5 | 2025 — within 3 year(s) of the newest study here |
| Sample size | 0 / 4 | Participant count not stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Effect reported | 3 / 3 | Effect reported with a statistic (interval, p-value, ratio or similar) |
| Studied in people | 0 / 3 | Not stated whether this was studied in people — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Randomised / blinded | 0 / 2 | No randomisation or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Times cited | 1 / 7 | Cited 1 times (OpenAlex, 2026-10-10) |
| Citations per year | 0 / 5 | 0.3 citations a year over 3 year(s) since 2025 |
| Impact for its field and year | 1 / 6 | Cited 0.6× the average for papers of its field and year (OpenAlex FWCI) |
| Cited by studies here | 1 / 6 | Cited by 1 other studies in this library |
| Still being cited | 0 / 4 | Cited 1 times in 2024–2026 (2026 still in progress; OpenAlex) |
| Senior author's track record | 2 / 4 | Last-listed author Christoph Mueller: h-index 35 (OpenAlex, whole career) |
| Institution's track record | 2 / 3 | University College London: institution h-index 2,029 (OpenAlex) |
| Multi-centre collaboration | 1 / 3 | OpenAlex lists 3 institution(s) in 1 country |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 41024703) |
| Free to read | 2 / 2 | Free to read |
| Total | 40 / 100 | — |
What each of these 20 components measures, and what this score is not →
Read the original
- DOI: 10.1017/s0033291725101864
- PubMed: 41024703
- Original source →
- Free full text: Psychological Medicine →
Full text: free to read — OpenAlex lists this copy as free to read: the link above (checked 6 Feb 1020).
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