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54/100

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 54 out of 100. Cognitive tests and assessment

Topic: Amyloid, tau and blood-test diagnosis

Plain-language summary

Anosognosia, the lack of awareness of memory decline, and Neuropsychiatric Symptoms (NPS) are prevalent and debilitating symptoms in Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia. Understanding the coexistence of these symptoms may help guide clinical interventions and treatment strategies. This study aimed to compare NPS prevalence in patients with and without anosognosia at baseline and to assess the association between anosognosia and NPS over time. We examined patients with AD dementia enrolled in the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI). To be included in the current study, patients had to have undergone baseline assessments and at least one subsequent follow-up evaluation. Furthermore, all patients had to have amyloid (as assessed using Positron Emission Tomography, PET), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI), and Everyday Cognition (ECog) variables available throughout the study. Anosognosia, our exposure of interest, was determined using Ecog scores from patients and study partners. Study partners evaluated the presence or absence of 12 NPS (our outcomes of interest) using the NPI. Cox proportional hazards models, excluding patients who had any symptoms of NPS at baseline, were used to evaluate NPS onset by group (anosognosia/no anosognosia) while adjusting for age, sex, years of education, and MMSE. 112 patients with follow-up data (mean = 1 year) were included in this study. Of these, 47.3% (n = 53) had anosognosia, while 52.7% (n = 59) did not. In those with anosognosia at baseline, we observed a trend toward greater prevalence of agitation and motor symptoms. Exploratory time-to-event analysis demonstrated that the patients with anosognosia had a faster onset of apathy (HR: 2.78, 95% CI: 1.37-5.62, p = 0.01) compared to the patients without anosognosia. In this exploratory study, while there were no significant differences in frequency of NPS at baseline between the groups, patients with anosognosia demonstrated faster onset of apathy as compared to patients without anosognosia. These findings underscore the importance of longitudinal assessments and tailored interventions targeting the management of NPS in AD dementia patients with anosognosia. Further research is warranted to explain the underlying mechanisms driving these associations and to inform the development of targeted therapeutic strategies aimed at improving patient outcomes in this population.

Cite this study APA, Vancouver, BibTeX · download .bib or .ris

APA 7th

Fawzy, M. E., Wang, S., Palmer, P., Gatchel, J. R., Marshall, G. A., Gagliardi, G. P., et al. (2025). Association between anosognosia and neuropsychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer’s disease dementia patients. Scientific Reports. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-29569-z

Vancouver

Fawzy ME, Wang S, Palmer P, Gatchel JR, Marshall GA, Gagliardi GP, et al. Association between anosognosia and neuropsychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer’s disease dementia patients. Scientific Reports. 2025. doi:10.1038/s41598-025-29569-z. PMID: 41345521.

BibTeX

@article{fawzy2025-41345521,
  author  = {Fawzy, Michael Elnemais and Wang, Sharon and Palmer, Phebe and Gatchel, Jennifer R. and Marshall, Gad A. and Gagliardi, Geoffroy Pierre and Vannini, Patrizia and {Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative}},
  title   = {{Association between anosognosia and neuropsychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer’s disease dementia patients}},
  journal = {Scientific Reports},
  year    = {2025},
  doi     = {10.1038/s41598-025-29569-z},
  pmid    = {41345521},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-29569-z}
}

Built from the record alzhub holds for this paper, not looked up. Volume, issue and page numbers are not held in the record. The record names 8 authors; APA and Vancouver show the first six, BibTeX and the downloads carry all of them. Check the citation against the original before you use it.

How to read this study

Design: this is a follow-up (cohort) study. People are observed over time and not assigned to anything, so an association can reflect other differences between groups. Look at how long follow-up lasted, how many dropped out, and whether the authors adjusted for age, education and other health conditions.
Size: the record lists 53 participants. Ask whether that is enough for the question, and who they were.
Effect: the record reports “47.3%; 52.7%; HR: 2.78”. A statistically significant result can still be small in daily life.

What the evidence grade means here

This page is graded moderate. alzhub.org assigns the grade automatically from keywords in the abstract, not from reading the paper. Moderate means the abstract mentions a cohort, case-control or longitudinal design. It can add at most 5 of the 100 points in the study score, and it is a label about design, not a verdict on whether the findings are true.

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Key findings

In those with anosognosia at baseline, we observed a trend toward greater prevalence of agitation and motor symptoms.
Exploratory time-to-event analysis demonstrated that the patients with anosognosia had a faster onset of apathy (HR: 2.78, 95% CI: 1.37-5.62, p = 0.01) compared to the patients without anosognosia.
In this exploratory study, while there were no significant differences in frequency of NPS at baseline between the groups, patients with anosognosia demonstrated faster onset of apathy as compared to patients without anosognosia.
These findings underscore the importance of longitudinal assessments and tailored interventions targeting the management of NPS in AD dementia patients with anosognosia.

Why it matters

In this exploratory study, patients with Alzheimer's dementia who lacked awareness of their memory decline had a faster onset of apathy than those who were aware. There were no significant differences in the frequency of neuropsychiatric symptoms at the start, so these findings are preliminary.

Study details

Study designlongitudinal study
Participants53
Effect size47.3%; 52.7%; HR: 2.78
Evidence strengthModerate

How this study scored 54/100

Published in a peer-reviewed journal, and it is a longitudinal study following the same people over time. Scored zero for randomized / blinded because the record does not state it. We have no data on senior author's track record, so that was left out: it earned 52 of the 96 points we could judge it on, which is 54 out of 100.

Component	Points	Why
Journal tier	7 / 10	Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (Scientific Reports)
Journal's citation record	3 / 4	Scientific Reports: journal h-index 463 (OpenAlex, 2026-10-29)
Study design	7 / 12	A longitudinal study following the same people over time
Strength of evidence	3 / 5	Rated “moderate” in our summary
Peer-review validation	10 / 10	Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal.
How recent	4 / 5	2025 — within 3 year(s) of the newest study here
Sample size	1 / 4	53 participants
Effect reported	3 / 3	Effect reported with a statistic (interval, p-value, ratio or similar)
Studied in people	3 / 3	Studied in people (participant count stated)
Randomized / blinded	0 / 2	No randomization or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0)
Times cited	1 / 7	Cited 2 times (OpenAlex, 2026-10-10)
Citations per year	0 / 5	0.7 citations a year over 3 year(s) since 2025
Impact for its field and year	2 / 6	Cited 1.3× the average for papers of its field and year (OpenAlex FWCI)
Cited by studies here	0 / 6	No other study in this library cites it
Still being cited	0 / 4	Cited 2 times in 2024–2026 (2026 still in progress; OpenAlex)
Senior author's track record	— / 4	Senior author's record not available — left out of this score
Institution's track record	3 / 3	Harvard University: institution h-index 3,235 (OpenAlex)
Multicenter collaboration	1 / 3	OpenAlex lists 3 institution(s) in 1 country
Indexed in PubMed	2 / 2	Indexed in PubMed (PMID 41345521)
Free to read	2 / 2	Free to read
Points	52 / 96	Scored on 19 of 20 parts. We have no data for the rest, so they are left out: 52 of the 96 points we could judge it on is 54 out of 100.
Total	54 / 100	—

What each of these 20 components measures, and what this score is not →

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