White matter hyperintensities are associated with an increased risk of all-dementia and Alzheimer's disease in the general population. 3 key findings →
Design: meta-analysis
Participants: 3,913
Evidence: high
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The long-term use of NSAIDs may protect against Alzheimer's disease but not against vascular dementia. 3 key findings →
Design: cohort study
Participants: 6,989
Evidence: moderate
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72/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 72 out of 100.
·
Neurology
·
1999-12-01
The diabetes attributable risk for dementia of 8.8% suggests that diabetes may have contributed to the clinical syndrome in a substantial proportion of all dementia patients. 2 key findings →
Design: cohort study
Participants: 126
Evidence: moderate
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70/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 70 out of 100.
·
JAMA
·
2002-06-01
High dietary intake of vitamin C and vitamin E may lower the risk of Alzheimer disease. 4 key findings →
Design: cohort study
Participants: 5,395
Evidence: moderate
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Alzheimer's disease is one of the most heritable diseases in elderly people and the most common type of dementia. 4 key findings →
Design: cohort study
Participants: 926
Evidence: moderate
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The APOE genotype is an important determinant of the risk of dementia. 1 key finding →
Design: cohort study
Participants: 134
Evidence: moderate
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69/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 69 out of 100.
·
Neurology
·
2012-05-02
In the 1990 subcohort (25,696 person-years), 286 persons developed dementia, and in the 2000 subcohort (8,384 person-years), 49 persons. 4 key findings →
Design: cohort study
Participants: 5,727
Evidence: moderate
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In elderly hypertensive patients, a slightly more effective blood pressure reduction during candesartan-based therapy, compared with control therapy, was associated with a modest, statistically non-significant, reduction in major cardiovascular events and with a marked reduction in non-fatal stroke. 4 key findings →
Design: open-label trial
Participants: 4,964
Evidence: high
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High concentrations of Abeta(1-40) but not Abeta(1-42) at baseline were associated with an increased risk of dementia. 5 key findings →
Design: cohort study
Participants: 6,713
Evidence: moderate
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During mean follow-up of 2.1 (range 1.5-3.4) years, 146 incident cases of dementia were detected, of which 105 were Alzheimer's disease. 3 key findings →
Design: case-control study
Participants: 6,870
Evidence: moderate
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67/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 67 out of 100.
·
Circulation
·
2017-06-06
Cerebral hypoperfusion has previously been associated with mild cognitive impairment and dementia in various cross-sectional studies, but whether hypoperfusion precedes neurodegeneration is unknown. 4 key findings →
Design: cross-sectional
Participants: 4,759
Evidence: low
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67/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 67 out of 100.
·
Neurology
·
2007-09-01
We re-assessed after longer follow-up time in the large population-based cohort of the Rotterdam Study whether smoking habits and pack-years of smoking are associated with the risk of dementia, Alzheimer disease (AD), and vascular dementia (VaD). 4 key findings →
Design: cohort study
Participants: 6,868
Evidence: moderate
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A substantial proportion of the relationship between education and dementia was mediated through mid-life vascular risk factors. 2 key findings →
Design: cohort
Participants: 13,368
Evidence: moderate
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65/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 65 out of 100.
·
Neurology
·
2010-11-01
Our findings suggest that insulin metabolism influences the clinical manifestation of AD only within 3 years. 5 key findings →
Design: cohort study
Participants: 3,139
Evidence: moderate
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65/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 65 out of 100.
·
Neurology
·
2002-12-01
High intake of total, saturated, and trans fat and cholesterol and low intake of MUFA, PUFA, n-6 PUFA, and n-3 PUFA were not associated with increased risk of dementia or its subtypes. 4 key findings →
Design: cohort study
Participants: 5,395
Evidence: moderate
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65/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 65 out of 100.
·
JAMA neurology
·
2015-11-01
Atrial fibrillation (AF) has been suggested as a risk factor for dementia since it may lead to chronic cerebral hypoperfusion and stroke. 4 key findings →
Design: longitudinal study
Participants: 6,514
Evidence: moderate
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To assess age-, sex-, and subtype-specific incidence rates of dementia and to calculate the risk of dementia, the authors performed a large, community-based, prospective cohort study on dementia as part of the Rotterdam Study. 4 key findings →
Design: cohort study
Participants: 7,046
Evidence: moderate
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Atherosclerosis has been implicated in the development of dementia and its major subtypes, Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia. 4 key findings →
Design: cohort study
Participants: 6,647
Evidence: moderate
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The Rotterdam Study previously found that higher dietary intakes of vitamins E and C related to lower risk of dementia and Alzheimer disease (AD) over 6 years of follow-up. 4 key findings →
Design: cohort study
Participants: 5,395
Evidence: moderate
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64/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 64 out of 100.
·
Stroke
·
2005-11-03
Vascular and inflammatory factors may play an important role in the pathogenesis of dementia. 4 key findings →
Participants: 2,835
Evidence: moderate
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The direct visualization of retinal vessels provides a unique opportunity to study cerebral small vessel disease, because these vessels share many features. 2 key findings →
Design: cohort study
Participants: 490
Evidence: moderate
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Original source
White matter lesions are frequently found on cerebral MRI scans of elderly people and are thought to be important in the pathogenesis of dementia. 5 key findings →
Design: cross-sectional
Participants: 1,077
Evidence: low
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White matter lesions, especially in the periventricular region, increase the risk of dementia in elderly people. 2 key findings →
Design: cohort study
Participants: 1,077
Evidence: moderate
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We examined whether cognitive function at baseline affected cognitive and cardiovascular outcomes in the Study on COgnition and Prognosis in the Elderly (SCOPE), a blood pressure (BP)-lowering intervention trial. 4 key findings →
Design: open-label trial
Participants: 2,070
Evidence: low
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62/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 62 out of 100.
·
Neurology
·
2009-07-01
Our results provide further indirect support for the presumed link between superficial siderosis and cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA). 2 key findings →
Design: longitudinal study
Participants: 1,062
Evidence: moderate
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How the 0–100 score works — and why some entries are capped
This is alzhub's own score. It is not an official metric, not an impact factor,
and no journal, publisher or ranking body endorses it. We built it so that a reader who is not a
scientist can tell a landmark trial from a conference abstract without having to already know the
difference. Every point comes from one of 20 components, all of them printed on the study itself,
so you can disagree with our arithmetic rather than having to trust the total.
- Journal tier up to 10 pts
- Journal's citation record up to 4 pts
- Study design up to 12 pts
- Strength of evidence up to 5 pts
- Peer-review validation up to 10 pts
- How recent up to 5 pts
- Sample size up to 4 pts
- Effect reported up to 3 pts
- Studied in people up to 3 pts
- Randomised / blinded up to 2 pts
- Times cited up to 7 pts
- Citations per year up to 5 pts
- Impact for its field and year up to 6 pts
- Cited by studies here up to 6 pts
- Still being cited up to 4 pts
- Senior author's track record up to 4 pts
- Institution's track record up to 3 pts
- Multi-centre collaboration up to 3 pts
- Indexed in PubMed up to 2 pts
- Free to read up to 2 pts
Journals are placed in ordered tiers, never given a numeric impact factor — we
could not verify current impact factors from a source we control, and an invented one would be
worse than none. Tier 1 is the top-tier general journals (NEJM, The Lancet, JAMA, Nature, Science,
Nature Medicine); tier 2 is the leading specialty journals; tier 3 is every other peer-reviewed
journal. A separate part scores how much the journal's own papers are cited, which tells the
tier-3 journals apart.
Two rules we don't bend. First, we never fill in a
missing value: if a record does not state a sample size or a design, that component scores
zero, and if we simply have no data for a part, such as a citation count, that part is left out and
the study is scored on the parts we could check. The study card says which. Second, anything that is not a peer-reviewed
article is capped at 16/100 and carries a warning chip — so a conference abstract or
a company press release can never outrank a peer-reviewed paper, no matter how good it looks.
We rank a rigorous null result — a good trial showing that something does not
work — above an early positive finding. Someone deciding whether to buy a supplement is served by
that, and the rigour is already counted by the design and journal components.
The score is computed from the published data alone and is
reproducible: the same file always yields the same numbers.
See the whole rubric drawn out →
— four charts covering all 27,380 studies: how the scores are spread and where the cap
bites, which of the 20 components the library is strong and weak on, which subjects rest on
stronger evidence, and what kinds of study each subject is actually built from.