Get help now — free helplines

You can call any of these for free. You do not need a diagnosis, an appointment, or a crisis to call — questions and plain exhaustion are reasons enough.

  • Alzheimer's Association 24/7 Helpline 800-272-3900 24 hours a day, 365 days a year Free, confidential support and information for people with dementia, caregivers, families and the public. Master's-level clinicians. Also Spanish.
  • 988 Suicide & Crisis Lifeline 988 24/7 Call or text 988, or chat at 988lifeline.org. For anyone in emotional distress or a mental-health crisis, including caregivers.
  • Alzheimer's Foundation of America (AFA) Helpline 866-232-8484 9:00 am - 9:00 pm ET, seven days a week Licensed social workers providing support, info and referrals. Also text message and web chat. Text: 646-586-5283

In a medical emergency, call 911. More numbers, and what each line does, on the help page.

Newest in this topic

  1. Inflammatory biomarker candidates in dementia with Lewy bodies: diagnostic classification, clinical associations, and survival 2026-11-01
  2. Longitudinal plasma biomarkers and multimodal PET across APOE ε4 genotypes: a prospective cohort study 2026-11-01
  3. Concurrent cognitive, behavioral and systemic physiological features mark preclinical Alzheimer's disease 2026-10-30

Studies

698 studies carry this tag.

Date range

1989 to 2026

Top journals

  • Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association 123
  • Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD 53
  • Alzheimer's & dementia (Amsterdam, Netherlands) 46
  • Alzheimer's research & therapy 36
  • medRxiv 29

196 journals in all.

Newest first, then by address. Each study has a usefulness score out of 100 (rubric version 4.0); tap a score to see what makes it up. Tags were assigned automatically from each study's title and summary. The same studies as a filter in the library.

  1. CSF amyloid-beta and tau proteins, and cognitive performance, in early and untreated Parkinson's disease: the Norwegian ParkWest study

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 62 out of 100. Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry 2010-06-14 Biomarkers

    CSF Aβ levels are altered in a subset of patients with early PD and relate to memory impairment.

  2. Plasma Abeta42 and Abeta40 as markers of cognitive change in follow-up: a prospective, longitudinal, population-based cohort study

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 52 out of 100. Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry 2010-05-16 Biomarkers

    Low or decreasing plasma Aβ42 during the follow-up is associated with cognitive decline.

  3. Glycemia and levels of cerebrospinal fluid amyloid and tau in patients attending a memory clinic

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 52 out of 100. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 2010-05-07 Tau biomarkers

    In regression analyses across the whole study sample adjusted for age, sex, and diagnostic group, there was no relationship between HbA1c or fasting glucose and CSF tau, p-tau 182, or Abeta42 levels.

  4. Evaluation of CSF biomarkers as predictors of Alzheimer's disease: a clinical follow-up study of 4.7 years

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 47 out of 100. Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD 2010-01-01 Biomarkers

    In this study, we determined the diagnostic accuracy of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers to predict development of Alzheimer's disease (AD) within five years in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

  5. Cerebrospinal fluid beta-amyloid and dynabridging in Alzheimer's disease drug development

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 38 out of 100. Biomarkers in medicine 2009-12 Tau biomarkers

    Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) has become a matrix for biomarker discovery and development in recent years.

  6. Cerebrospinal fluid tau and ptau(181) increase with cortical amyloid deposition in cognitively normal individuals: implications for future clinical trials of Alzheimer's disease

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 40 out of 100. EMBO molecular medicine 2009-11-01 Brain scans and imaging

    Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology is estimated to develop many years before detectable cognitive decline.

  7. AddNeuroMed—The European Collaboration for the Discovery of Novel Biomarkers for Alzheimer's Disease

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 36 out of 100. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 2009-10-01 Genetics

    There is an urgent need for Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarkers-especially in the context of clinical trials.

  8. Ultrasensitive and highly selective detection of Alzheimer's disease biomarker using two-photon Rayleigh scattering properties of gold nanoparticle

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 36 out of 100. ACS nano 2009-09-01 Drug development

    Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive mental disorder disease, which affects 26.6 million people worldwide and estimated increments can be 100 millions by 2050.

  9. Brain metabolic correlates of cerebrospinal fluid beta-amyloid 42 and tau in Alzheimer's disease

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 45 out of 100. Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders 2009-05-12 Tau biomarkers

    After correction for multiple comparisons, a strong positive association between CSF Abeta42 levels and glucose metabolism was identified for 2 extensive clusters located in the right temporal, prefrontal and anterior cingulate cortices.

  10. Decreased cerebrospinal fluid Abeta(42) correlates with brain atrophy in cognitively normal elderly

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 47 out of 100. Annals of neurology 2009-02-01 Biomarkers

    Reduction in CSF Abeta(42), likely reflecting Abeta aggregation in the brain, is associated with brain atrophy in the preclinical phase of AD.

  11. Amyloid beta peptides in human plasma and tissues and their significance for Alzheimer's disease

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 55 out of 100. Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association 2009-01-01 Treatments

    Efforts to use plasma levels of Abeta peptides as AD biomarkers or disease-staging scales have failed.

  12. Serum sphingomyelins and ceramides are early predictors of memory impairment

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 47 out of 100. Neurobiology of aging 2008-05-05 Biomarkers

    A blood-based biomarker of Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression could be instrumental in targeting asymptomatic individuals for treatment early in the disease process.

  13. The effects of normal aging and ApoE genotype on the levels of CSF biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 52 out of 100. Neurobiology of aging 2007-10-24 Biomarkers

    While cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers are of use in the prediction and diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease our understanding of the background effects of age and the ApoE genotype is limited.

  14. An 8-plex version of an isobaric reagent for the quantitation of proteins using shotgun methods is presented.

  15. Blood-based neurochemical diagnosis of vascular dementia: a pilot study

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. Journal of neurochemistry 2007-07-27 Biomarkers

    Blood-based tests for the differential diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) are under intensive investigation and have shown promising results with regard to Abeta40 and Abeta42 peptide species in incipient AD.

  16. CSF neurofilament proteins in the differential diagnosis of dementia

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 36 out of 100. Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry 2007-02-21 Biomarkers

    In the diagnostic workup of relatively young dementia patients, CSF NFL levels may play a role in the discrimination between FTLD and EAD, especially in combination with Abeta42 and p-tau181 analysis.

  17. Cerebrospinal fluid proteomic biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 47 out of 100. Annals of neurology 2007-02-01 Digital health tools

    A panel of possible CSF biomarkers for AD has been identified using proteomic methods.

  18. Prediction of Alzheimer’s Disease Using the CSF Aβ42/Aβ40 Ratio in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 48 out of 100. Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders 2007-01-01 Biomarkers

    Evidence supports an important role for beta-amyloid (Abeta) in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD).

  19. Effect of statins on Alzheimer's disease biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 62 out of 100. Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD 2006-12-01 Biomarkers

    Statins may modulate the phosphorylation of tau in humans and this effect may depend on the CNS availability of the statin.

  20. Cerebrospinal fluid amyloid beta42/phosphorylated tau ratio discriminates between Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences 2006-07-01 Biomarkers

    Our results support further efforts to prospectively validate the use of Q Abeta42/p-tau as a biomarker to discriminate between AD and VaD.

  21. Neuropsychological and behavioural correlates of CSF biomarkers in dementia

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 46 out of 100. Neurochemistry international 2006-01-24 Tau biomarkers

    To improve clinical, neuropsychological and behavioural characterisation of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers beta-amyloid((1-42)) protein (Abeta42), protein tau (tau) and tau phosphorylated at threonine 181 (P-tau181) across diagnostic dementia categories, a prospective study was set up.

  22. Measurement of thirteen biological markers in CSF of patients with Alzheimer's disease and other dementias

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 36 out of 100. Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders 2005-10-21 Biomarkers

    Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biological markers may be of valuable help in the diagnosis of dementia.

  23. 3alpha,5alpha-THP: a potential plasma neurosteroid biomarker in Alzheimer's disease and perhaps non-Alzheimer's dementia

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. Psychopharmacology 2005-10-18 Biomarkers

    Lowered 3alpha,5alpha-THP levels appear promising as a biomarker in dementia, but further work is needed to establish the sensitivity and specificity of these findings in AD.

  24. Cerebrospinal fluid profile in frontotemporal dementia and Alzheimer's disease

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 52 out of 100. Annals of neurology 2005-05 Tau biomarkers

    We assessed cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of tau and other biomarkers of neurodegenerative disease.

  25. Cerebrospinal fluid tau, Abeta1-42 and inflammatory cytokines in patients with Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 38 out of 100. Neuroscience letters 2005-04-25 Tau biomarkers

    In this study we aimed to evaluate the possibility of using cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) tau, Abeta(1-42) and inflammatory cytokines for diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VD).

  26. Nanoparticle-based detection in cerebral spinal fluid of a soluble pathogenic biomarker for Alzheimer's disease

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2005-02-04 Tau biomarkers

    The recently developed ultrasensitive bio-barcode assay was used to measure the concentration of amyloid-beta-derived diffusible ligands (ADDLs), a potential soluble pathogenic Alzheimer's disease (AD) marker, in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 30 individuals.

  27. Detection of a biomarker for Alzheimer's disease from synthetic and clinical samples using a nanoscale optical biosensor

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 36 out of 100. Journal of the American Chemical Society 2005-02-01 Tau biomarkers

    A nanoscale optical biosensor based on localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) spectroscopy has been developed to monitor the interaction between the antigen, amyloid-beta derived diffusible ligands (ADDLs), and specific anti-ADDL antibodies.

  28. Proteomic studies of potential cerebrospinal fluid protein markers for Alzheimer's disease

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 36 out of 100. Brain research. Molecular brain research 2003-10-01 Genetics

    By comparing the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) proteome between Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients and controls, it may be possible to identify proteins that play a role in the disease process and thus to study the pathogenesis of AD.

  29. Quantifying mRNA in postmortem human brain: influence of gender, age at death, postmortem interval, brain pH, agonal state and inter-lobe mRNA variance

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 36 out of 100. Brain research. Molecular brain research 2003-10-01 Biomarkers

    The quantification of mRNA in postmortem human brain is often made complicated by confounding factors.

  30. Intrathecal inflammation precedes development of Alzheimer's disease

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry 2003-09-01 Tau biomarkers

    These results demonstrate increased production of the proinflammatory cytokine, TNFalpha and decreased production of the anti-inflammatory cytokine TGFbeta in patients with MCI at risk to develop AD, suggesting a propensity towards inflammation in this patient group and indicating that CNS inflammation is a early hallmark in the pathogenesis of AD.

  31. Age but not diagnosis is the main predictor of plasma amyloid beta-protein levels

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 45 out of 100. Archives of neurology 2003-07-01 Drug development

    Plasma Abeta measures increase with age, but, in contrast to reports on familial AD, plasma Abeta measures were neither sensitive nor specific for the clinical diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment or sporadic AD.

  32. Decreased cerebrospinal fluid acetylcholinesterase in patients with subcortical ischemic vascular dementia

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 45 out of 100. Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders 2003 Tau biomarkers

    The main objective was to investigate the acetylcholinesterase E (AChE) activity in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with three common dementia disorders.

  33. Biochemical markers related to Alzheimer's dementia in serum and cerebrospinal fluid

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 36 out of 100. Neurobiology of aging 2002-07-01 Biomarkers

    The diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is currently based on clinical and neuropsychological examination.

  34. Cerebrospinal fluid Abeta40 and Abeta42: natural course and clinical usefulness

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 38 out of 100. Frontiers in bioscience : a journal and virtual library 2002-04-01 Tau biomarkers

    Amyloid beta protein 40 (Abeta40) and 42 Abeta42, major components of senile plaque amyloids, are physiological peptides present in the brain, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma.

  35. Cerebrospinal fluid phospho-tau, total tau and beta-amyloid(1-42) in the differentiation between Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 45 out of 100. Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders 2002 Tau biomarkers

    The two most frequently examined biomarkers in the diagnosis of dementia are cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) tau and beta-amyloid(1-42) (Abeta(1-42)).

  36. Cerebrospinal fluid tau and beta-amyloid(1-42) in dementia disorders

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 38 out of 100. Mechanisms of ageing and development 2001-11 Tau biomarkers

    The reliability of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-tau and CSF-beta-amyloid assays for diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease and other dementing disorders such as frontotemporal dementia (FTD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is reviewed.

  37. Neurofilament protein in cerebrospinal fluid: a marker of white matter changes

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 36 out of 100. Journal of neuroscience research 2001-11-01 Biomarkers

    The objective of this study was to compare cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of the light subtype of the neurofilament proteins (NFL), tau, and beta-amyloid42 (Abeta42) in individuals with moderate or severe white matter changes (WMC) and in those with mild or no WMC.

  38. Cerebrospinal fluid markers for Alzheimer's disease evaluated after acute ischemic stroke

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 45 out of 100. Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD 2000-11 Tau biomarkers

    Potential cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) markers for Alzheimer's disease (AD) include tau protein, the 42 amino-acid form of amyloid beta (amyloid beta(1-42)) and apolipoprotein E (apoE).

  39. X-34, a fluorescent derivative of Congo red: a novel histochemical stain for Alzheimer's disease pathology

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 36 out of 100. The journal of histochemistry and cytochemistry : official journal of the Histochemistry Society 2000-09-01 Drug development

    X-34, a lipophilic, highly fluorescent derivative of Congo red, was examined as a histochemical stain for pathological changes in Alzheimer's disease (AD).

  40. Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers for Alzheimer's Disease: Their Role in Clinical Chemistry

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 38 out of 100. EJIFCC 2000-03-21 Tau biomarkers

    In view of current (AChE inhibitors) and future (e.g. anti-Aβ aggregators), development and evaluation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease (AD) has become a rapidly growing research field.

  41. Correlation between elevated levels of amyloid beta-peptide in the brain and cognitive decline

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 59 out of 100. JAMA 2000-03-01 Brain tissue and pathology

    In this study, levels of total A(beta)x-40 and A(beta)x-42 were elevated early in dementia and levels of both peptides were strongly correlated with cognitive decline.

  42. Three-year follow-up of cerebrospinal fluid tau, beta-amyloid 42 and 40 concentrations in Alzheimer's disease

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 45 out of 100. Neuroscience letters 2000-02-18 Tau biomarkers

    Earlier studies have shown elevated levels of tau protein and decreased levels of amyloid beta42 in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD).

  43. Longitudinal stability of CSF tau levels in Alzheimer patients

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 38 out of 100. Biological psychiatry 1999-09-15 Tau biomarkers

    Despite significant changes in the clinical measures consistent with progression of the disease, no significant overall change in CSF tau levels (548 +/- 355 vs. 557 +/- 275 pg/mL, NS) was observed.

  44. Tau protein in cerebrospinal fluid: a new diagnostic and prognostic marker in Alzheimer disease?

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 38 out of 100. Alzheimer disease and associated disorders 1998-09 Tau biomarkers

    Tau is the main protein of paired helical filaments.

  45. EEG slowing and cerebrospinal fluid tau levels in patients with cognitive decline

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 45 out of 100. Neuroreport 1998-01-05 Tau biomarkers

    We explored the relationship between cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) tau levels as indirect markers of tau-related pathology in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and EEG slowing, a typical neurophysiological finding in the disease.

  46. Reduction of beta-amyloid peptide42 in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with Alzheimer's disease

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 40 out of 100. Annals of neurology 1995-10-01 Tau biomarkers

    In this clinical study the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) level of a novel form of the beta-amyloid peptide (A beta) extending to position 42 (A beta 42) was determined in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) as well as controls.

  47. Tau protein concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with dementia of the Alzheimer type

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 45 out of 100. Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry 1995-09 Tau biomarkers

    Tau protein concentrations were measured in the CSF of 23 patients with dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT), 36 patients with multi-infarct dementia (MID), and 23 control subjects.

  48. Tau, paired helical filaments and amyloid in the neocortex: a morphometric study of 15 cases with graded intellectual status in aging and senile dementia of Alzheimer type

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 40 out of 100. Acta neuropathologica 1989-01-01 Drug development

    Tau immunoreactivity was studied in temporal neocortex, area 22, in 15 cases with graded intellectual status and compared with the immunoreactivity observed with an antiserum against paired helical filaments (PHF) and with the density of amyloid revealed by thioflavin S. Samples came from women over 75 years either intellectually normal or affected by senile dementia of the Alzheimer type at various degrees of severity.

From across this tag

10 of the 698 studies in this tag, picked by a fixed rule (a hash of each study's address), not by score or date; each page of this list shows a different 10. The same 10 appear here every time.

All topic tags with their study counts