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Cerebrospinal Fluid and Plasma Biomarkers in Neurodegenerative Diseases
Yusuke Seino, Takumi Nakamura, Takeshi Kawarabayashi, Mie Hirohata, Sakiko Narita, Yasuhito Wakasaya, Kozue Kaito, Tetsuya Ueda et al.. Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD, 2019
Topic: Plasma and spinal-fluid biomarkers
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) amyloid-β (Aβ)42 and tau are biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease (AD); however, the effects of other neurodegenerative processes on these biomarkers remain unclear. We measured Aβ40, Aβ42, total tau, phosphorylated-tau, and α-synuclein in CSF and plasma using matched samples from various neurodegenerative diseases to expand our basic knowledge on these biomarkers and their practical applications. A total of 213 CSF and 183 plasma samples were analyzed from cognitively unimpaired subjects, and patients with Alzheimer's disease dementia (ADD), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), non-AD dementias, and other neurological diseases. The CSF/plasma ratios of Aβ40 and Aβ42 were approximately 25:1. Aβ40/42 ratios in CSF and plasma were both 10:1. The CSF total tau/P181tau ratio was 6:1. The CSF/plasma α-synuclein ratio was 1:65. Significantly decreased Aβ42 levels and an increased Aβ40/42 ratio in CSF in ADD/MCI suggested that these relationships were specifically altered in AD. Increased total tau levels in ADD/MCI, encephalopathy, and multiple system atrophy, and increased P181tau in ADD/MCI indicated that these biomarkers corresponded to neurodegeneration and tauopathy, respectively. Although CSF α-synuclein levels were increased in ADD/MCI, there was no merit in measuring α-synuclein in CSF or plasma as a biomarker. The combination of biomarkers by the Aβ40/42 ratio×p181tau reflected specific changes due to the AD pathology in ADD/MCI. Thus, CSF Aβ40, Aβ42, p181tau, and tau were identified as biomarkers for aggregated Aβ associated state (A), aggregated tau associated state (T), and neurodegeneration state (N) pathologies in AD based on the NIA-AA criteria. Overlaps in these biomarkers need to be considered in clinical practice for differential diagnoses of neurodegenerative diseases.
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APA 7th
Seino, Y., Nakamura, T., Kawarabayashi, T., Hirohata, M., Narita, S., Wakasaya, Y., et al. (2019). Cerebrospinal Fluid and Plasma Biomarkers in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD. https://doi.org/10.3233/jad-181152
Vancouver
Seino Y, Nakamura T, Kawarabayashi T, Hirohata M, Narita S, Wakasaya Y, et al. Cerebrospinal Fluid and Plasma Biomarkers in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD. 2019. doi:10.3233/jad-181152. PMID: 30814356.
BibTeX
@article{seino2019-30814356,
author = {Seino, Yusuke and Nakamura, Takumi and Kawarabayashi, Takeshi and Hirohata, Mie and Narita, Sakiko and Wakasaya, Yasuhito and Kaito, Kozue and Ueda, Tetsuya and others},
title = {{Cerebrospinal Fluid and Plasma Biomarkers in Neurodegenerative Diseases}},
journal = {Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD},
year = {2019},
doi = {10.3233/jad-181152},
pmid = {30814356},
url = {https://doi.org/10.3233/jad-181152}
}
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Key findings
- Significantly decreased Aβ42 levels and an increased Aβ40/42 ratio in CSF in ADD/MCI suggested that these relationships were specifically altered in AD.
- Increased total tau levels in ADD/MCI, encephalopathy, and multiple system atrophy, and increased P181tau in ADD/MCI indicated that these biomarkers corresponded to neurodegeneration and tauopathy, respectively.
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Study details
- Participants213
- Evidence strengthLow
How this study scored 48/100
Published in a peer-reviewed journal. Scored zero for study design, effect reported and randomized / blinded because the record does not state it. We have no data on journal's citation record, times cited, citations per year, impact for its field and year, cited by studies here, still being cited, senior author's track record, institution's track record, multicenter collaboration and free to read, so those were left out: it earned 27 of the 56 points we could judge it on, which is 48 out of 100.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 7 / 10 | Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD) |
| Journal's citation record | — / 4 | No journal record from OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Study design | 0 / 12 | No study design recorded — scores zero, not guessed (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Strength of evidence | 1 / 5 | Rated “low” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 2 / 5 | 2019 — within 10 year(s) of the newest study here |
| Sample size | 2 / 4 | 213 participants |
| Effect reported | 0 / 3 | No effect size reported — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Studied in people | 3 / 3 | Studied in people (participant count stated) |
| Randomized / blinded | 0 / 2 | No randomization or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Times cited | — / 7 | No citation count (not found in OpenAlex) — left out of this score |
| Citations per year | — / 5 | No citation count or no year — left out of this score |
| Impact for its field and year | — / 6 | No field-weighted citation impact (OpenAlex has none yet) — left out of this score |
| Cited by studies here | — / 6 | Not yet checked against this library's citation graph — left out of this score |
| Still being cited | — / 4 | No yearly citation counts — left out of this score |
| Senior author's track record | — / 4 | Senior author's record not available — left out of this score |
| Institution's track record | — / 3 | No institution listed in OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Multicenter collaboration | — / 3 | Institutions not listed — left out of this score |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 30814356) |
| Free to read | — / 2 | Access not recorded — left out of this score |
| Points | 27 / 56 | Scored on 10 of 20 parts. We have no data for the rest, so they are left out: 27 of the 56 points we could judge it on is 48 out of 100. |
| Total | 48 / 100 | — |
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