This page is alzhub.org's plain-English summary of a published study, not the paper itself. It is generated from the record we hold for this study, sourced and linked below — check the original for the full text and methods.

36/100

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 36 out of 100. Risk factors

Topic: Risk, prevention and care in population studies

One-third of hospitalizations were PPHs. Urinary tract infection (33.8%), heart failure (25.7%), and pneumonia (18.6%) accounted for 78% of all PPHs. Unadjusted PPH rates were higher in highly disadvantaged areas (23.9%) compared to low-disadvantaged areas (20.6%). In the overall sample, Black and Hispanic individuals had higher odds of PPH than White individuals, as did those in highly disadvantaged areas compared to low-disadvantaged areas. Among highly disadvantaged urban and rural-or-micropolitan area residents, adjusted PPH rates were 23% and 27%, respectively. Odds of PPH were markedly higher in highly disadvantaged rural-or-micropolitan areas compared with low-disadvantaged areas. Racial/ethnic disparities diminished in these areas, while risk increased for female adults compared with male adults. Discussion and The highest PPH risk occurred in highly disadvantaged rural-or-micropolitan areas. Although racial/ethnic disparities were attenuated in these populations, the overall PPH risk was elevated. Policy efforts should prioritize expanding access to ambulatory care in disadvantaged areas.

Key findings

Urinary tract infection (33.8%), heart failure (25.7%), and pneumonia (18.6%) accounted for 78% of all PPHs.
Unadjusted PPH rates were higher in highly disadvantaged areas (23.9%) compared to low-disadvantaged areas (20.6%).
In the overall sample, Black and Hispanic individuals had higher odds of PPH than White individuals, as did those in highly disadvantaged areas compared to low-disadvantaged areas.
Among highly disadvantaged urban and rural-or-micropolitan area residents, adjusted PPH rates were 23% and 27%, respectively.
Odds of PPH were markedly higher in highly disadvantaged rural-or-micropolitan areas compared with low-disadvantaged areas.

Why it matters

This study found that potentially preventable hospitalizations among Medicare beneficiaries with dementia were more common in highly disadvantaged areas, especially rural-or-micropolitan ones. It points to expanding access to ambulatory care in disadvantaged areas, but reports no treatment, cure or prevention of Alzheimer's disease.

New to this subject? Start with our plain-English guide: Risk factors, ranked →

Study details

Effect size33.8%; 25.7%; 18.6%
Evidence strengthModerate

How this study scored 36/100

Published in a peer-reviewed journal. Scored zero for study design, sample size, studied in people and randomised / blinded because the record does not state it.

Component	Points	Why
Journal tier	7 / 10	Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (Innovation in Aging)
Journal's citation record	0 / 4	Innovation in Aging: journal h-index 48 (OpenAlex, 2026-10-29)
Study design	0 / 12	No study design recorded — scores zero, not guessed (not stated in the record — scored 0)
Strength of evidence	3 / 5	Rated “moderate” in our summary
Peer-review validation	10 / 10	Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal.
How recent	5 / 5	2026 — within 1 year(s) of the newest study here
Sample size	0 / 4	Participant count not stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0)
Effect reported	2 / 3	Effect reported as a number, without an interval or test
Studied in people	0 / 3	Not stated whether this was studied in people — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0)
Randomised / blinded	0 / 2	No randomisation or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0)
Times cited	0 / 7	Cited 0 times (OpenAlex, 2026-10-10)
Citations per year	0 / 5	0.0 citations a year over 2 year(s) since 2026
Impact for its field and year	0 / 6	Cited 0.0× the average for papers of its field and year (OpenAlex FWCI)
Cited by studies here	0 / 6	No other study in this library cites it
Still being cited	0 / 4	Cited 0 times in 2024–2026 (2026 still in progress; OpenAlex)
Senior author's track record	2 / 4	Last-listed author Elham Mahmoudi: h-index 29 (OpenAlex, whole career)
Institution's track record	2 / 3	University of Michigan: institution h-index 2,240 (OpenAlex)
Multi-centre collaboration	1 / 3	OpenAlex lists 3 institution(s) in 1 country
Indexed in PubMed	2 / 2	Indexed in PubMed (PMID 42158460)
Free to read	2 / 2	Free to read
Total	36 / 100	—

What each of these 20 components measures, and what this score is not →

Read the original

Full text: free to read — OpenAlex lists this copy as free to read: the link above (checked 6 Feb 1020).

Cite this study APA, Vancouver, BibTeX · download .bib or .ris

Built from the record alzhub holds for this paper, not looked up. Volume, issue and page numbers are not held in the record. Check the citation against the original before you use it.

APA 7th

Kalesnikava, V. A., Madden, B. C., Vugdalic, N., Lin, P., & Mahmoudi, E. (2026). When context matters: social disparities in preventable hospitalizations among Medicare beneficiaries with dementia. Innovation in Aging. https://doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igag035

Vancouver

Kalesnikava VA, Madden BC, Vugdalic N, Lin P, Mahmoudi E. When context matters: social disparities in preventable hospitalizations among Medicare beneficiaries with dementia. Innovation in Aging. 2026. doi:10.1093/geroni/igag035. PMID: 42158460.

BibTeX

@article{kalesnikava2026-42158460,
  author  = {Kalesnikava, Viktoryia A. and Madden, Brian C. and Vugdalic, Nela and Lin, Paul and Mahmoudi, Elham},
  title   = {{When context matters: social disparities in preventable hospitalizations among Medicare beneficiaries with dementia}},
  journal = {Innovation in Aging},
  year    = {2026},
  doi     = {10.1093/geroni/igag035},
  pmid    = {42158460},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igag035}
}

Studies this one cites

Referenced by this study and also in the alzhub library, so you can read them here.

Related studies in Risk factors

Similar studies

More on Risk factors

See all studies in Risk factors →