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Production of Terpene Trilactones from Cell and Organ Cultures of Ginkgo biloba
Hosakatte Niranjana Murthy, Guggalada Govardhana Yadav, Kee‐Yoeup Paek, So‐Young Park. Plants, 2024-09-13
Topic: Brain proteins, microglia and lab models
is a rich source of valuable secondary metabolites, particularly terpene trilactones (TTLs) such as ginkgolides and bilobalides, which are obtained from the leaves and seeds of the plant. TTLs have pharmacological properties, including anticancer, anti-dementia, antidepressant, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, anti-hypertensive, antiplatelet, immunomodulatory, and neuroprotective effects. However, ginkgo is a very-slow-growing tree that takes approximately 30 years to reach maturity. In addition, the accumulation of TTLs in these plants is affected by age, sex, and seasonal and geographical variations. Therefore, plant cell cultures have been established in ginkgo to produce TTLs. Extensive investigations have been conducted to optimize the culture media, growth regulators, nutrients, immobilization, elicitation, and precursor-feeding strategies for the production of TTLs in vitro. In addition, metabolic engineering and synthetic biology methods have been used for the heterologous production of TTLs. In this review, we present the research strategies applied to cell cultures for the production of TTLs.
Key findings
- In addition, the accumulation of TTLs in these plants is affected by age, sex, and seasonal and geographical variations.
- Therefore, plant cell cultures have been established in ginkgo to produce TTLs.
- Extensive investigations have been conducted to optimize the culture media, growth regulators, nutrients, immobilization, elicitation, and precursor-feeding strategies for the production of TTLs in vitro.
- In addition, metabolic engineering and synthetic biology methods have been used for the heterologous production of TTLs.
- In this review, we present the research strategies applied to cell cultures for the production of TTLs.
Why it matters
This review describes research on producing terpene trilactones from Ginkgo biloba cell and organ cultures, noting that these compounds have anti-dementia effects among other properties. The work is laboratory-based and does not test any treatment in people with Alzheimer's disease.
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Study details
- Evidence strengthLow
How this study scored 36/100
Published in a peer-reviewed journal. Scored zero for study design, sample size, effect reported, studied in people and randomised / blinded because the record does not state it.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 7 / 10 | Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (Plants) |
| Journal's citation record | 2 / 4 | Plants: journal h-index 176 (OpenAlex, 2026-10-29) |
| Study design | 0 / 12 | No study design recorded — scores zero, not guessed (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Strength of evidence | 1 / 5 | Rated “low” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 4 / 5 | 2024 — within 3 year(s) of the newest study here |
| Sample size | 0 / 4 | Participant count not stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Effect reported | 0 / 3 | No effect size reported — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Studied in people | 0 / 3 | Not stated whether this was studied in people — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Randomised / blinded | 0 / 2 | No randomisation or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Times cited | 2 / 7 | Cited 5 times (OpenAlex, 2026-10-10) |
| Citations per year | 1 / 5 | 1.2 citations a year over 4 year(s) since 2024 |
| Impact for its field and year | 1 / 6 | Cited 0.6× the average for papers of its field and year (OpenAlex FWCI) |
| Cited by studies here | 0 / 6 | No other study in this library cites it |
| Still being cited | 1 / 4 | Cited 5 times in 2024–2026 (2026 still in progress; OpenAlex) |
| Senior author's track record | 2 / 4 | Last-listed author So‐Young Park: h-index 39 (OpenAlex, whole career) |
| Institution's track record | 0 / 3 | Chungbuk National University: institution h-index 323 (OpenAlex) |
| Multi-centre collaboration | 1 / 3 | OpenAlex lists 3 institution(s) in 2 countries |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 39339550) |
| Free to read | 2 / 2 | Free to read |
| Total | 36 / 100 | — |
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Read the original
Full text: free to read — OpenAlex lists this copy as free to read: the link above (checked 6 Feb 1020).
Cite this study APA, Vancouver, BibTeX · download .bib or .ris
Built from the record alzhub holds for this paper, not looked up. Volume, issue and page numbers are not held in the record. Check the citation against the original before you use it.
APA 7th
Murthy, H. N., Yadav, G. G., Paek, K., & Park, S. (2024). Production of Terpene Trilactones from Cell and Organ Cultures of Ginkgo biloba. Plants. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13182575
Vancouver
Murthy HN, Yadav GG, Paek K, Park S. Production of Terpene Trilactones from Cell and Organ Cultures of Ginkgo biloba. Plants. 2024. doi:10.3390/plants13182575. PMID: 39339550.
BibTeX
@article{murthy2024-39339550,
author = {Murthy, Hosakatte Niranjana and Yadav, Guggalada Govardhana and Paek, Kee‐Yoeup and Park, So‐Young},
title = {{Production of Terpene Trilactones from Cell and Organ Cultures of Ginkgo biloba}},
journal = {Plants},
year = {2024},
doi = {10.3390/plants13182575},
pmid = {39339550},
url = {https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13182575}
}
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