Topic: Genetics and APOE
The objective of this meta-analysis was to determine the association of the apolipoprotein E ( ApoE ) gene with exceptional longevity (EL) ( i.e ., reaching 100+ years) by identifying possible unequal distribution of alleles/genotypes in the common variants ε2, ε3, and ε4 among centenarians and younger population. The association of ApoE with EL was analyzed in a total of 2776 centenarians (cases) and 11,941 younger controls (from 13 case–control studies) using the chi-squared test with the Yates correction. We conducted combined and separate analyses for all ethnic groups studied in the literature (Caucasian and Asian). The main result for all ethnic groups combined was that the likelihood of reaching EL was negatively associated with ε4 allele carriage [pooled odds ratio (OR)=0.43; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.36, 0.50; p <0.001] and with ε4/ε4 (OR=0.18; 95% CI 0.08, 0.39; p <0.001), ε3/ε4 (OR=0.44; 95% CI 0.37, 0.53; p <0.001) and ε2/ε4 genotypes (OR=0.48; 95% CI 0.31, 0.74; p <0.001). In contrast, the ε2/ε3 genotype was positively associated with EL (OR=1.35; 95% CI 1.06, 1.72; p =0.017). When compared with the ε3 allele, the ε2 allele was not associated with increased odds of EL (OR=1.08; 95% CI 0.77, 1.50, p =0.660). The present meta-analysis confirms that, besides its previously documented influence on Alzheimer's and cardiovascular disease risk, the ApoE gene is associated with the likelihood of reaching EL.
Key findings
- The main result for all ethnic groups combined was that the likelihood of reaching EL was negatively associated with ε4 allele carriage [pooled odds ratio (OR)=0.43; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.36, 0.50; p <0.001] and with ε4/ε4 (OR=0.18; 95% CI 0.08, 0.39; p <0.001), ε3/ε4 (OR=0.44; 95% CI 0.37, 0.53; p <0.001) and ε2/ε4 genotypes (OR=0.48; 95% CI 0.31, 0.74; p <0.001).
- In contrast, the ε2/ε3 genotype was positively associated with EL (OR=1.35; 95% CI 1.06, 1.72; p =0.017).
- When compared with the ε3 allele, the ε2 allele was not associated with increased odds of EL (OR=1.08; 95% CI 0.77, 1.50, p =0.660).
- The present meta-analysis confirms that, besides its previously documented influence on Alzheimer's and cardiovascular disease risk, the ApoE gene is associated with the likelihood of reaching EL.
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Study details
- Study designmeta-analysis
- Participants2,776
- Effect sizeOR=0.18; OR=0.44; OR=0.48
- Evidence strengthHigh
How this study scored 80/100
Published in a peer-reviewed journal, and it is a meta-analysis pooling many studies. We have no data on journal's citation record, times cited, citations per year, impact for its field and year, cited by studies here, still being cited, senior author's track record, institution's track record, multi-centre collaboration and free to read, so those were left out: it earned 45 of the 56 points we could judge it on, which is 80 out of 100.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 7 / 10 | Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (Rejuvenation Research) |
| Journal's citation record | — / 4 | No journal record from OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Study design | 12 / 12 | A meta-analysis pooling many studies |
| Strength of evidence | 5 / 5 | Rated “high” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 1 / 5 | 2015 — within 20 year(s) of the newest study here |
| Sample size | 3 / 4 | 2,776 participants |
| Effect reported | 3 / 3 | Effect reported with a statistic (interval, p-value, ratio or similar) |
| Studied in people | 3 / 3 | Studied in people (participant count stated) |
| Randomised / blinded | 0 / 2 | A review of other studies — randomisation is not credited here |
| Times cited | — / 7 | No citation count (not found in OpenAlex) — left out of this score |
| Citations per year | — / 5 | No citation count or no year — left out of this score |
| Impact for its field and year | — / 6 | No field-weighted citation impact (OpenAlex has none yet) — left out of this score |
| Cited by studies here | — / 6 | Not yet checked against this library's citation graph — left out of this score |
| Still being cited | — / 4 | No yearly citation counts — left out of this score |
| Senior author's track record | — / 4 | Senior author's record not available — left out of this score |
| Institution's track record | — / 3 | No institution listed in OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Multi-centre collaboration | — / 3 | Institutions not listed — left out of this score |
| Indexed in PubMed | 1 / 2 | Not in PubMed, but has a DOI |
| Free to read | — / 2 | Access not recorded — left out of this score |
| Points | 45 / 56 | Scored on 10 of 20 parts. We have no data for the rest, so they are left out: 45 of the 56 points we could judge it on is 80 out of 100. |
| Total | 80 / 100 | — |
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Cite this study APA, Vancouver, BibTeX · download .bib or .ris
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APA 7th
Garatachea, N., Marín, P. J., Santos-Lozano, A., Sanchis-Gomar, F., Emanuele, E., & Lucia, A. (2015). The ApoE Gene Is Related with Exceptional Longevity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Rejuvenation Research. https://doi.org/10.1089/rej.2014.1605
Vancouver
Garatachea N, Marín PJ, Santos-Lozano A, Sanchis-Gomar F, Emanuele E, Lucia A. The ApoE Gene Is Related with Exceptional Longevity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Rejuvenation Research. 2015. doi:10.1089/rej.2014.1605.
BibTeX
@article{garatachea2015-975b7ad3,
author = {Garatachea, Nuria and Marín, Pedro J. and Santos-Lozano, Alejandro and Sanchis-Gomar, Fabian and Emanuele, Enzo and Lucia, Alejandro},
title = {{The ApoE Gene Is Related with Exceptional Longevity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis}},
journal = {Rejuvenation Research},
year = {2015},
doi = {10.1089/rej.2014.1605},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1089/rej.2014.1605}
}
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