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Statins and serum cholesterol's associations with incident dementia and mild cognitive impairment
Beydoun MA, Beason-Held LL, Kitner-Triolo MH, Beydoun HA, Ferrucci L, Resnick SM, Zonderman AB.. Journal of epidemiology and community health, 2010-09-14
Topic: Risk, prevention and care in population studies
Plain-language summary
Background Statin use and serum cholesterol reduction have been proposed as preventions for dementia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Methods 1604 and 1345 eligible participants from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (BLSA) were followed after age 50 for a median time of around 25 years, to examine the incidence of dementia (n=259) and MCI (n=138), respectively. Statin use (ever-use and time-dependent use), total cholesterol levels (TC; first visit and time-dependent), TC change trajectory from first visit and high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C):TC ratio (first visit and time-dependent) were the main exposures of interest. Cox proportional hazards models were used. Results Participants with incident dementia had a higher first-visit TC compared with participants who remained free of dementia and MCI, while first-visit TC was higher among statin ever-users compared with never-users (age-unadjusted associations). Statin users had a two- to threefold lower risk of developing dementia (HR=0.41; 95% CI 0.18 to 0.92), but not MCI, when considering time-dependent 'statin use' with propensity score model adjustment. This association remained significant independently of serum cholesterol exposures. An elevated first-visit TC was associated with reduced MCI risk (upper quartile (Q(4)) vs Q(1): HR=0.51; 95% CI 0.29 to 0.90). Compared with the lowest quartile (Q(1): 0.00-0.19), HDL-C:TC (time-dependent) in (Q(2): 0.19-0.24) was associated with reduced MCI risk (HR=0.58; 95% CI 0.34 to 0.98). Among men only, TC decline from first visit was significantly associated with increased dementia risk (HR=4.21; 95% CI 1.28 to 13.85). Conclusions Statins may have multifactorial effects on dementia but not MCI risk. Future interventions may be warranted, and research should focus on optimal serum TC, HDL-C:TC ratio and TC change trajectories.
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APA 7th
Beydoun, M. A., Beason-Held, L. L., Kitner-Triolo, M. H., Beydoun, H. A., Ferrucci, L., Resnick, S. M., et al. (2011). Statins and serum cholesterol's associations with incident dementia and mild cognitive impairment. Journal of epidemiology and community health. https://doi.org/10.1136/jech.2009.100826
Vancouver
Beydoun MA, Beason-Held LL, Kitner-Triolo MH, Beydoun HA, Ferrucci L, Resnick SM, et al. Statins and serum cholesterol's associations with incident dementia and mild cognitive impairment. Journal of epidemiology and community health. 2011. doi:10.1136/jech.2009.100826. PMID: 20841372.
BibTeX
@article{beydoun2011-20841372,
author = {Beydoun, M. A. and Beason-Held, L. L. and Kitner-Triolo, M. H. and Beydoun, H. A. and Ferrucci, L. and Resnick, S. M. and Zonderman, A. B.},
title = {{Statins and serum cholesterol's associations with incident dementia and mild cognitive impairment}},
journal = {Journal of epidemiology and community health},
year = {2011},
doi = {10.1136/jech.2009.100826},
pmid = {20841372},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1136/jech.2009.100826}
}
Built from the record alzhub holds for this paper, not looked up. Volume, issue and page numbers are not held in the record. The record names 7 authors; APA and Vancouver show the first six, BibTeX and the downloads carry all of them. Check the citation against the original before you use it.
Key findings
- Results Participants with incident dementia had a higher first-visit TC compared with participants who remained free of dementia and MCI, while first-visit TC was higher among statin ever-users compared with never-users (age-unadjusted associations).
- Statin users had a two- to threefold lower risk of developing dementia (HR=0.41; 95% CI 0.18 to 0.92), but not MCI, when considering time-dependent 'statin use' with propensity score model adjustment.
- This association remained significant independently of serum cholesterol exposures.
- An elevated first-visit TC was associated with reduced MCI risk (upper quartile (Q(4)) vs Q(1): HR=0.51; 95% CI 0.29 to 0.90).
- Compared with the lowest quartile (Q(1): 0.00-0.19), HDL-C:TC (time-dependent) in (Q(2): 0.19-0.24) was associated with reduced MCI risk (HR=0.58; 95% CI 0.34 to 0.98).
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Study details
- Study designlongitudinal study
- Participants259
- Effect sizeHR=0.41; HR=0.51; HR=0.58
- Evidence strengthModerate
How this study scored 66/100
Published in a peer-reviewed journal, and it is a longitudinal study following the same people over time. Scored zero for randomized / blinded because the record does not state it. We have no data on journal's citation record, times cited, citations per year, impact for its field and year, cited by studies here, still being cited, senior author's track record, institution's track record and multicenter collaboration, so those were left out: it earned 38 of the 58 points we could judge it on, which is 66 out of 100.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 7 / 10 | Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (Journal of epidemiology and community health) |
| Journal's citation record | — / 4 | No journal record from OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Study design | 7 / 12 | A longitudinal study following the same people over time |
| Strength of evidence | 3 / 5 | Rated “moderate” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 1 / 5 | 2011 — within 20 year(s) of the newest study here |
| Sample size | 2 / 4 | 259 participants |
| Effect reported | 3 / 3 | Effect reported with a statistic (interval, p-value, ratio or similar) |
| Studied in people | 3 / 3 | Studied in people (participant count stated) |
| Randomized / blinded | 0 / 2 | No randomization or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Times cited | — / 7 | No citation count (not found in OpenAlex) — left out of this score |
| Citations per year | — / 5 | No citation count or no year — left out of this score |
| Impact for its field and year | — / 6 | No field-weighted citation impact (OpenAlex has none yet) — left out of this score |
| Cited by studies here | — / 6 | Not yet checked against this library's citation graph — left out of this score |
| Still being cited | — / 4 | No yearly citation counts — left out of this score |
| Senior author's track record | — / 4 | Senior author's record not available — left out of this score |
| Institution's track record | — / 3 | No institution listed in OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Multicenter collaboration | — / 3 | Institutions not listed — left out of this score |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 20841372) |
| Free to read | 0 / 2 | Behind a paywall — scores zero |
| Points | 38 / 58 | Scored on 11 of 20 parts. We have no data for the rest, so they are left out: 38 of the 58 points we could judge it on is 66 out of 100. |
| Total | 66 / 100 | — |
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