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Similarities between Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia
Kalaria R.. Journal of the neurological sciences, 2002-11-01
Topic: Amyloid, tau and blood-test diagnosis
Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD) are the two most common forms of dementia. In Europe, 800,000 people have a diagnosis of VaD out of 3.7 million people with clinical dementia. These two dementia types share many common pathological, symptomatic and neurochemical features, and cholinergic treatments that have demonstrated robust, broad-ranging and long-term efficacy in AD are now being assessed for the treatment of dementia related to cerebrovascular disease (CVD). There has been recent recognition that dementia in the elderly is a continuum of pathologies, with pure AD and VaD representing the two extremes, and 'mixed' dementia (AD with CVD) in between and perhaps comprising the majority of cases. 'Mixed' dementia is rarely diagnosed in the clinic, however, as the majority of diagnostic procedures are biased toward a diagnosis of AD. Here, the risk factors, pathophysiological mechanisms and clinical symptoms of AD and VaD are described, identifying their overlap as well as some of the differences in both cognitive and noncognitive symptoms. Important findings indicating the high prevalence of 'mixed' dementia in the clinical dementia population are also discussed. In particular, evidence of a causal connection between stroke or CVD and AD is addressed. Regarding effective therapeutic management of dementia patients, further concerted epidemiological study of these related dementia types should aid in clinical decisions on the applicability of cholinergic treatments.
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APA 7th
Kalaria, R. (2002). Similarities between Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia. Journal of the neurological sciences. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-510x(02)00256-3
Vancouver
Kalaria R. Similarities between Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia. Journal of the neurological sciences. 2002. doi:10.1016/s0022-510x(02)00256-3. PMID: 12417353.
BibTeX
@article{kalaria2002-12417353,
author = {Kalaria, R.},
title = {{Similarities between Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia}},
journal = {Journal of the neurological sciences},
year = {2002},
doi = {10.1016/s0022-510x(02)00256-3},
pmid = {12417353},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-510x(02)00256-3}
}
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Key findings
- These two dementia types share many common pathological, symptomatic and neurochemical features, and cholinergic treatments that have demonstrated robust, broad-ranging and long-term efficacy in AD are now being assessed for the treatment of dementia related to cerebrovascular disease (CVD).
Study details
- Participants800,000
- Evidence strengthLow
How this study scored 48/100
Published in a peer-reviewed journal. Scored zero for study design, effect reported and randomized / blinded because the record does not state it. We have no data on journal's citation record, times cited, citations per year, impact for its field and year, cited by studies here, still being cited, senior author's track record, institution's track record and multicenter collaboration, so those were left out: it earned 28 of the 58 points we could judge it on, which is 48 out of 100.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 7 / 10 | Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (Journal of the neurological sciences) |
| Journal's citation record | — / 4 | No journal record from OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Study design | 0 / 12 | No study design recorded — scores zero, not guessed (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Strength of evidence | 1 / 5 | Rated “low” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 1 / 5 | 2002 — older than 20 years, still counted |
| Sample size | 4 / 4 | 800,000 participants |
| Effect reported | 0 / 3 | No effect size reported — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Studied in people | 3 / 3 | Studied in people (participant count stated) |
| Randomized / blinded | 0 / 2 | No randomization or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Times cited | — / 7 | No citation count (not found in OpenAlex) — left out of this score |
| Citations per year | — / 5 | No citation count or no year — left out of this score |
| Impact for its field and year | — / 6 | No field-weighted citation impact (OpenAlex has none yet) — left out of this score |
| Cited by studies here | — / 6 | Not yet checked against this library's citation graph — left out of this score |
| Still being cited | — / 4 | No yearly citation counts — left out of this score |
| Senior author's track record | — / 4 | Senior author's record not available — left out of this score |
| Institution's track record | — / 3 | No institution listed in OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Multicenter collaboration | — / 3 | Institutions not listed — left out of this score |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 12417353) |
| Free to read | 0 / 2 | Behind a paywall — scores zero |
| Points | 28 / 58 | Scored on 11 of 20 parts. We have no data for the rest, so they are left out: 28 of the 58 points we could judge it on is 48 out of 100. |
| Total | 48 / 100 | — |
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