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Psychiatric illness in patients with end-stage renal disease
Kimmel PL, Thamer M, Richard CM, Ray NF.. The American journal of medicine, 1998-09-01
Topic: Risk, prevention and care in population studies
Purpose We sought to determine the prevalence of psychiatric illness in hospitalized patients with end-stage renal disease. We also examined the association between end-stage renal disease treatment modality and risk of hospitalization with a diagnosis of a mental disorder, and compared rates of hospitalization with a diagnosis of psychiatric illness in renal failure patients to patients with other chronic medical illnesses. Subjects and methods We performed a cohort study of all Medicare-enrolled dialysis patients in 1993. Risk of hospitalization with a diagnosis of a mental disorder among renal failure patients was compared with Medicare patients with diabetes mellitus, ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, and peptic ulcer disease. Results Almost 9% of all dialysis patients were hospitalized with a mental disorder. Men, African-Americans, and younger patients were more likely to be hospitalized with a mental disorder. The adjusted risk of hospitalization for peritoneal dialysis patients was lower compared with hemodialysis patients for any mental disorder, depression, and alcohol and drug use. Hospitalization with mental disorders was 1.5 to 3.0 times higher for renal failure patients compared with other chronically ill patients. Conclusions Hospitalization with a psychiatric illness is common among the US end-stage renal disease population. Depression, dementia and drug-related disorders were especially common. The coexistence of psychiatric illness in patients with renal failure who require specialized medical regimens represents a challenge to nephrologists in diagnosis and treatment. Disparities between hospitalization rates of psychiatric illnesses among end-stage renal disease patients compared with other chronically ill populations warrant further research.
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APA 7th
Kimmel, P. L., Thamer, M., Richard, C. M., & Ray, N. F. (1998). Psychiatric illness in patients with end-stage renal disease. The American journal of medicine. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9343(98)00245-9
Vancouver
Kimmel PL, Thamer M, Richard CM, Ray NF. Psychiatric illness in patients with end-stage renal disease. The American journal of medicine. 1998. doi:10.1016/s0002-9343(98)00245-9. PMID: 9753024.
BibTeX
@article{kimmel1998-9753024,
author = {Kimmel, P. L. and Thamer, M. and Richard, C. M. and Ray, N. F.},
title = {{Psychiatric illness in patients with end-stage renal disease}},
journal = {The American journal of medicine},
year = {1998},
doi = {10.1016/s0002-9343(98)00245-9},
pmid = {9753024},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9343(98)00245-9}
}
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Key findings
- Risk of hospitalization with a diagnosis of a mental disorder among renal failure patients was compared with Medicare patients with diabetes mellitus, ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, and peptic ulcer disease.
- Results Almost 9% of all dialysis patients were hospitalized with a mental disorder.
- The adjusted risk of hospitalization for peritoneal dialysis patients was lower compared with hemodialysis patients for any mental disorder, depression, and alcohol and drug use.
- Hospitalization with mental disorders was 1.5 to 3.0 times higher for renal failure patients compared with other chronically ill patients.
- Disparities between hospitalization rates of psychiatric illnesses among end-stage renal disease patients compared with other chronically ill populations warrant further research.
Why it matters
Among dialysis patients, almost 9% were hospitalized with a mental disorder, and such hospitalization was 1.5 to 3.0 times higher than in patients with other chronic illnesses. This describes how often psychiatric illness, including dementia, appears in this population but does not test any treatment or prevention.
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Study details
- Study designcohort study
- Evidence strengthModerate
How this study scored 49/100
Published in a peer-reviewed journal, and it is a cohort study following people over time. Scored zero for sample size, effect reported, studied in people and randomized / blinded because the record does not state it.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 7 / 10 | Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (The American journal of medicine) |
| Journal's citation record | 3 / 4 | The American Journal of Medicine: journal h-index 386 (OpenAlex, 2026-10-29) |
| Study design | 7 / 12 | A cohort study following people over time |
| Strength of evidence | 3 / 5 | Rated “moderate” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 1 / 5 | 1998 — older than 20 years, still counted |
| Sample size | 0 / 4 | Participant count not stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Effect reported | 0 / 3 | No effect size reported — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Studied in people | 0 / 3 | Not stated whether this was studied in people — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Randomized / blinded | 0 / 2 | No randomization or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Times cited | 5 / 7 | Cited 249 times (OpenAlex, 2026-10-10) |
| Citations per year | 3 / 5 | 8.3 citations a year over 30 year(s) since 1998 |
| Impact for its field and year | 2 / 6 | Cited 1.9× the average for papers of its field and year (OpenAlex FWCI) |
| Cited by studies here | 1 / 6 | Cited by 1 other studies in this library |
| Still being cited | 2 / 4 | Cited 16 times in 2024–2026 (2026 still in progress; OpenAlex) |
| Senior author's track record | 1 / 4 | Last-listed author Nancy Fox Ray: h-index 10 (OpenAlex, whole career) |
| Institution's track record | 1 / 3 | George Washington University: institution h-index 881 (OpenAlex) |
| Multicenter collaboration | 1 / 3 | OpenAlex lists 3 institution(s) in 1 country |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 9753024) |
| Free to read | 0 / 2 | Behind a paywall — scores zero |
| Total | 49 / 100 | — |
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