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65/100

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 65 out of 100. Inflammation and the immune system

Topic: Amyloid, tau and blood-test diagnosis

In patients with Alzheimer's disease pathophysiological changes of the brain that initiate the onset of Alzheimer's disease include accumulation of amyloid-β plaques and phosphorylation of tau-tangles. A rather recently considered risk factor for the onset of Alzheimer's disease is poor oral health. The aim of this systematic review of the literature was to assess the potential association(s) of oral health as a risk factor for the onset of Alzheimer's disease. After a systematic search of Pubmed, Embase and Web of Science. A total of 1962 studies were assessed, of which 17 studies demonstrated possible associations between oral health diseases and Alzheimer's disease. 4 theories could be distinguished that describe the possible links between oral health and the development or onset of Alzheimer's disease; 1) role of pathogens, 2) role of inflammatory mediators, 3) role of APOE alleles and 4) role of Aβ peptide. The main common denominator of all the theories is the neuroinflammation due to poor oral health. Yet, there is insufficient evidence to prove a link due to the diversity of the designs used and the quality of the study design of the included studies. Therefore, further research is needed to find causal links between oral health and neuroinflammation that possibly can lead to the onset of Alzheimer's disease with the future intention to prevent cognitive decline by better dental care.

Cite this study APA, Vancouver, BibTeX · download .bib or .ris

APA 7th

Pruntel, S. M., van Munster, B. C., de Vries, J. J., Vissink, A., & Visser, A. (2024). Oral Health as a Risk Factor for Alzheimer Disease. The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease. https://doi.org/10.14283/jpad.2023.82

Vancouver

Pruntel SM, van Munster BC, de Vries JJ, Vissink A, Visser A. Oral Health as a Risk Factor for Alzheimer Disease. The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease. 2024. doi:10.14283/jpad.2023.82. PMID: 38230738.

BibTeX

@article{pruntel2024-38230738,
  author  = {Pruntel, S. M. and van Munster, B. C. and de Vries, J. J. and Vissink, A. and Visser, A.},
  title   = {{Oral Health as a Risk Factor for Alzheimer Disease}},
  journal = {The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease},
  year    = {2024},
  doi     = {10.14283/jpad.2023.82},
  pmid    = {38230738},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.14283/jpad.2023.82}
}

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Key findings

A total of 1962 studies were assessed, of which 17 studies demonstrated possible associations between oral health diseases and Alzheimer's disease. 4 theories could be distinguished that describe the possible links between oral health and the development or onset of Alzheimer's disease; 1) role of pathogens, 2) role of inflammatory mediators, 3) role of APOE alleles and 4) role of Aβ peptide.

Why it matters

Of 1962 studies assessed, 17 showed possible links between oral diseases and Alzheimer's, and the authors grouped the proposed explanations into 4 theories involving germs, inflammatory signals, APOE gene variants and Aβ. Inflammation caused by poor oral health was the common thread. However, the review found the evidence insufficient to prove a link, so better dental care as a way to prevent decline remains an idea for future research.

Study details

Study designsystematic review
Participants1,962
Evidence strengthHigh

How this study scored 65/100

Published in a peer-reviewed journal, and it is a systematic review of all the studies on the question. Scored zero for effect reported because the record does not state it.

Component	Points	Why
Journal tier	7 / 10	Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease)
Journal's citation record	0 / 4	The Journal of Prevention of Alzheimer s Disease: journal h-index 63 (OpenAlex, 2026-10-29)
Study design	12 / 12	A systematic review of all the studies on the question
Strength of evidence	5 / 5	Rated “high” in our summary
Peer-review validation	10 / 10	Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal.
How recent	4 / 5	2024 — within 3 year(s) of the newest study here
Sample size	3 / 4	1,962 participants
Effect reported	0 / 3	No effect size reported — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0)
Studied in people	3 / 3	Studied in people (participant count stated)
Randomized / blinded	0 / 2	A review of other studies — randomization is not credited here
Times cited	4 / 7	Cited 41 times (OpenAlex, 2026-10-10)
Citations per year	3 / 5	10.2 citations a year over 4 year(s) since 2024
Impact for its field and year	3 / 6	Cited 6.0× the average for papers of its field and year (OpenAlex FWCI)
Cited by studies here	0 / 6	No other study in this library cites it
Still being cited	2 / 4	Cited 41 times in 2024–2026 (2026 still in progress; OpenAlex)
Senior author's track record	2 / 4	Last-listed author Anita Visser: h-index 29 (OpenAlex, whole career)
Institution's track record	1 / 3	University of Groningen: institution h-index 1,383 (OpenAlex)
Multicenter collaboration	2 / 3	OpenAlex lists 4 institution(s) in 1 country
Indexed in PubMed	2 / 2	Indexed in PubMed (PMID 38230738)
Free to read	2 / 2	Free to read
Total	65 / 100	—

What each of these 20 components measures, and what this score is not →

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