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Longitudinal Changes in Brain Diffusion Characteristics Associated With Cognition and Vascular Risk Factors
Yuto Uchida, Kengo Onda, Kei Nishimaki, Anna Kucharska‐Newton, Beverly Gwen Windham, Bruce Alan Wasserman, Kenichi Oishi. Neurology, 2025-07-24
Topic: Risk, prevention and care in population studies
= 0.009). Significant differences in annualized changes in these FA and MD values were found depending on the presence or absence of type 2 diabetes and smoking. Deterioration in microstructural integrity-reflected by lower FA in the left cingulum bundle and higher MD in the left hippocampus-was associated with declines in executive function, language, and memory. Furthermore, longitudinal changes in these FA and MD values had differences based on the presence of type 2 diabetes and smoking. These findings provide a foundational basis for future research to determine whether managing vascular risk factors can delay cognitive decline by affecting the microstructural integrity of the brain.
Key findings
- Significant differences in annualized changes in these FA and MD values were found depending on the presence or absence of type 2 diabetes and smoking.
- Deterioration in microstructural integrity-reflected by lower FA in the left cingulum bundle and higher MD in the left hippocampus-was associated with declines in executive function, language, and memory.
- Furthermore, longitudinal changes in these FA and MD values had differences based on the presence of type 2 diabetes and smoking.
- These findings provide a foundational basis for future research to determine whether managing vascular risk factors can delay cognitive decline by affecting the microstructural integrity of the brain.
Why it matters
This longitudinal study linked worsening brain microstructural integrity to declines in executive function, language and memory, with differences based on type 2 diabetes and smoking. The authors say these findings provide a basis for future research into whether managing vascular risk factors can delay cognitive decline.
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Study details
- Study designlongitudinal study
- Participants6,471
- Evidence strengthModerate
How this study scored 65/100
Published in a leading specialty journal, and it is a longitudinal study following the same people over time. Scored zero for effect reported and randomised / blinded because the record does not state it.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 9 / 10 | Tier 2 — leading specialty journal (Neurology) |
| Journal's citation record | 4 / 4 | Neurology: journal h-index 525 (OpenAlex, 2026-10-29) |
| Study design | 7 / 12 | A longitudinal study following the same people over time |
| Strength of evidence | 3 / 5 | Rated “moderate” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 4 / 5 | 2025 — within 3 year(s) of the newest study here |
| Sample size | 3 / 4 | 6,471 participants |
| Effect reported | 0 / 3 | No effect size reported — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Studied in people | 3 / 3 | Studied in people (participant count stated) |
| Randomised / blinded | 0 / 2 | No randomisation or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Times cited | 3 / 7 | Cited 16 times (OpenAlex, 2026-10-10) |
| Citations per year | 2 / 5 | 5.3 citations a year over 3 year(s) since 2025 |
| Impact for its field and year | 4 / 6 | Cited 8.7× the average for papers of its field and year (OpenAlex FWCI) |
| Cited by studies here | 1 / 6 | Cited by 1 other studies in this library |
| Still being cited | 2 / 4 | Cited 16 times in 2024–2026 (2026 still in progress; OpenAlex) |
| Senior author's track record | 2 / 4 | Last-listed author Kenichi Oishi: h-index 47 (OpenAlex, whole career) |
| Institution's track record | 2 / 3 | Johns Hopkins University: institution h-index 2,306 (OpenAlex) |
| Multi-centre collaboration | 2 / 3 | OpenAlex lists 5 institution(s) in 1 country |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 40705997) |
| Free to read | 2 / 2 | Free to read |
| Total | 65 / 100 | — |
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Read the original
- DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000213867
- PubMed: 40705997
- Original source →
- Free full text: PubMed Central →
Full text: free to read — OpenAlex lists this copy as free to read: the link above (checked 6 Feb 1020).
Cite this study APA, Vancouver, BibTeX · download .bib or .ris
Built from the record alzhub holds for this paper, not looked up. Volume, issue and page numbers are not held in the record. The record names 7 authors; APA and Vancouver show the first six, BibTeX and the downloads carry all of them. Check the citation against the original before you use it.
APA 7th
Uchida, Y., Onda, K., Nishimaki, K., Kucharska‐Newton, A., Windham, B. G., Wasserman, B. A., et al. (2025). Longitudinal Changes in Brain Diffusion Characteristics Associated With Cognition and Vascular Risk Factors. Neurology. https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000213867
Vancouver
Uchida Y, Onda K, Nishimaki K, Kucharska‐Newton A, Windham BG, Wasserman BA, et al. Longitudinal Changes in Brain Diffusion Characteristics Associated With Cognition and Vascular Risk Factors. Neurology. 2025. doi:10.1212/wnl.0000000000213867. PMID: 40705997.
BibTeX
@article{uchida2025-40705997,
author = {Uchida, Yuto and Onda, Kengo and Nishimaki, Kei and Kucharska‐Newton, Anna and Windham, Beverly Gwen and Wasserman, Bruce Alan and Oishi, Kenichi},
title = {{Longitudinal Changes in Brain Diffusion Characteristics Associated With Cognition and Vascular Risk Factors}},
journal = {Neurology},
year = {2025},
doi = {10.1212/wnl.0000000000213867},
pmid = {40705997},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000213867}
}
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