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Gut Microbiome Alterations in Mild Cognitive Impairment: Findings from the ALBION Greek Cohort
Konstantinos Rouskas, Eirini Mamalaki, Eva Ntanasi, Marianna Pantoura, Maria Anezaki, Christina Emmanouil, Nil Novau-Ferré, Mònica Bulló et al.. Microorganisms, 2025-09-10
Topic: Gut, metabolism and diet
Emerging evidence suggests a potential role of gut dysbiosis in neurodegenerative disorders and, in particular, Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology and cognitive decline. However, the role of gut microbiome in the early prodromal stages of AD and particularly in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) remains understudied and has been mostly explored in Asian populations with no representation of European populations. To address this research gap in the literature and to suggest novel microbiome features associated with MCI, we conducted a cross-sectional study in a European population sample and profiled gut microbiota in 99 individuals without dementia through 16s ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sequencing. Individuals were categorized by cognitive status based on standard clinical criteria to cognitively normal (n = 49) or individuals with MCI (n = 50). Differential abundance through Microbiome Multivariable Associations with Linear model (MaAsLin2) and elastic net logistic regression analyses were used to identify gut microbiome features associated with MCI. MCI group was older than the CN group and age was used as covariate in the differential abundance analysis. No differences in alpha and beta diversity were found between the two groups (p > 0.05). At false discovery rate (FDR) < 0.05, we identified specific genera associated with MCI, mostly linked to short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production (e.g., Candidatus_Soleaferrea q = 0.027, MaAsLin2 coefficient = 1.65, Sellimonas q = 0.017, MaAsLin2 coefficient = -4.45), while we highlight nominal (p < 0.05, q > 0.05) correlations of genera (e.g., Hydrogenoanaerobacterium, Subdoligranulum) with metrics of cognitive assessment. Microbiota was shown to have a fairly good discriminative capacity for MCI status (area under the curve AUC = 0.77), with Rothia genus found as the top predictor for MCI (beta coefficient [95% confidence intervals] = 0.224 [0.216-0.233]). Overall, our findings add to current knowledge reporting gut microbiome alterations in MCI by suggesting novel associated microbiome features; however, larger scale longitudinal studies are needed to further elucidate the underlying biological pathways linked to the disease.
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APA 7th
Rouskas, K., Mamalaki, E., Ntanasi, E., Pantoura, M., Anezaki, M., Emmanouil, C., et al. (2025). Gut Microbiome Alterations in Mild Cognitive Impairment: Findings from the ALBION Greek Cohort. Microorganisms. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13092112
Vancouver
Rouskas K, Mamalaki E, Ntanasi E, Pantoura M, Anezaki M, Emmanouil C, et al. Gut Microbiome Alterations in Mild Cognitive Impairment: Findings from the ALBION Greek Cohort. Microorganisms. 2025. doi:10.3390/microorganisms13092112. PMID: 41011443.
BibTeX
@article{rouskas2025-41011443,
author = {Rouskas, Konstantinos and Mamalaki, Eirini and Ntanasi, Eva and Pantoura, Marianna and Anezaki, Maria and Emmanouil, Christina and Novau-Ferré, Nil and Bulló, Mònica and others},
title = {{Gut Microbiome Alterations in Mild Cognitive Impairment: Findings from the ALBION Greek Cohort}},
journal = {Microorganisms},
year = {2025},
doi = {10.3390/microorganisms13092112},
pmid = {41011443},
url = {https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13092112}
}
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Key findings
- To address this research gap in the literature and to suggest novel microbiome features associated with MCI, we conducted a cross-sectional study in a European population sample and profiled gut microbiota in 99 individuals without dementia through 16s ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sequencing.
- Differential abundance through Microbiome Multivariable Associations with Linear model (MaAsLin2) and elastic net logistic regression analyses were used to identify gut microbiome features associated with MCI.
- At false discovery rate (FDR) < 0.05, we identified specific genera associated with MCI, mostly linked to short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production (e.g., Candidatus_Soleaferrea q = 0.027, MaAsLin2 coefficient = 1.65, Sellimonas q = 0.017, MaAsLin2 coefficient = -4.45), while we highlight nominal (p < 0.05, q > 0.05) correlations of genera (e.g., Hydrogenoanaerobacterium, Subdoligranulum) with metrics of cognitive assessment.
- Overall, our findings add to current knowledge reporting gut microbiome alterations in MCI by suggesting novel associated microbiome features; however, larger scale longitudinal studies are needed to further elucidate the underlying biological pathways linked to the disease.
Study details
- Study designcross-sectional
- Participants49
- Effect sizeAUC = 0.77
- Evidence strengthModerate
How this study scored 66/100
Published in a peer-reviewed journal, and it is a snapshot of people at one point in time. Scored zero for randomised / blinded because the record does not state it. We have no data on journal's citation record, times cited, citations per year, impact for its field and year, cited by studies here, still being cited, senior author's track record, institution's track record, multi-centre collaboration and free to read, so those were left out: it earned 37 of the 56 points we could judge it on, which is 66 out of 100.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 7 / 10 | Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (Microorganisms) |
| Journal's citation record | — / 4 | No journal record from OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Study design | 4 / 12 | A snapshot of people at one point in time |
| Strength of evidence | 3 / 5 | Rated “moderate” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 4 / 5 | 2025 — within 3 year(s) of the newest study here |
| Sample size | 1 / 4 | 49 participants |
| Effect reported | 3 / 3 | Effect reported with a statistic (interval, p-value, ratio or similar) |
| Studied in people | 3 / 3 | Studied in people (participant count stated) |
| Randomised / blinded | 0 / 2 | No randomisation or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Times cited | — / 7 | No citation count (not found in OpenAlex) — left out of this score |
| Citations per year | — / 5 | No citation count or no year — left out of this score |
| Impact for its field and year | — / 6 | No field-weighted citation impact (OpenAlex has none yet) — left out of this score |
| Cited by studies here | — / 6 | Not yet checked against this library's citation graph — left out of this score |
| Still being cited | — / 4 | No yearly citation counts — left out of this score |
| Senior author's track record | — / 4 | Senior author's record not available — left out of this score |
| Institution's track record | — / 3 | No institution listed in OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Multi-centre collaboration | — / 3 | Institutions not listed — left out of this score |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 41011443) |
| Free to read | — / 2 | Access not recorded — left out of this score |
| Points | 37 / 56 | Scored on 10 of 20 parts. We have no data for the rest, so they are left out: 37 of the 56 points we could judge it on is 66 out of 100. |
| Total | 66 / 100 | — |
What each of these 20 components measures, and what this score is not →
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