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77/100

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 77 out of 100. Disease mechanisms

Topic: Gut, metabolism and diet

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is projected to become the highest-burden neurological disorder globally. Mounting evidence implicates the gut microbiome in AD pathogenesis. This scoping review of gut microbiomes in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD included dietary and probiotic interventions. We included original research and systematic reviews/meta-analyses. Animal and non-English studies were excluded. We searched PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library through February 2023. Using Arksey and O'Malley's framework and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA)-Extension for Scoping Reviews (ScR) checklist, we screened 4751 articles, with 58 meeting predefined inclusion criteria. Our results demonstrated that gut dysbiosis was frequently reported in MCI and AD, including increased Pseudomonadota and Actinomycetota in AD and reduced diversity in some cases. Probiotic and dietary interventions showed promise in modulating cognition and microbiota, inconsistently. Emerging evidence links dysbiosis to cognitive decline; however, methodological heterogeneity and limited follow-up impede causal inference. Research should prioritize standardized protocols, functional microbiome analysis, and longitudinal human studies to clarify therapeutic potential. HIGHLIGHTS: Gut dysbiosis is a common feature of MCI and AD, with phylum-level microbial shifts frequently observed. Pseudomonadota and Actinomycetota are enriched in AD across multiple human studies. Beneficial genera like Faecalibacterium and Roseburia are consistently reduced in MCI and AD in a small number of studies. Probiotic and dietary interventions are promising to modulate the microbiota-cognition axis. More longitudinal human studies are needed to assess causal microbiome relationships.

Key findings

Our results demonstrated that gut dysbiosis was frequently reported in MCI and AD, including increased Pseudomonadota and Actinomycetota in AD and reduced diversity in some cases.

Study details

Study designmeta-analysis
Evidence strengthHigh

How this study scored 77/100

Published in a leading specialty journal, and it is a meta-analysis pooling many studies. Scored zero for sample size, effect reported and studied in people because the record does not state it. We have no data on journal's citation record, times cited, citations per year, impact for its field and year, cited by studies here, still being cited, senior author's track record, institution's track record, multi-centre collaboration and free to read, so those were left out: it earned 43 of the 56 points we could judge it on, which is 77 out of 100.

Component	Points	Why
Journal tier	9 / 10	Tier 2 — leading specialty journal (Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association)
Journal's citation record	— / 4	No journal record from OpenAlex — left out of this score
Study design	12 / 12	A meta-analysis pooling many studies
Strength of evidence	5 / 5	Rated “high” in our summary
Peer-review validation	10 / 10	Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal.
How recent	5 / 5	2026 — within 1 year(s) of the newest study here
Sample size	0 / 4	Participant count not stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0)
Effect reported	0 / 3	No effect size reported — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0)
Studied in people	0 / 3	Not stated whether this was studied in people — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0)
Randomised / blinded	0 / 2	A review of other studies — randomisation is not credited here
Times cited	— / 7	No citation count (not found in OpenAlex) — left out of this score
Citations per year	— / 5	No citation count or no year — left out of this score
Impact for its field and year	— / 6	No field-weighted citation impact (OpenAlex has none yet) — left out of this score
Cited by studies here	— / 6	Not yet checked against this library's citation graph — left out of this score
Still being cited	— / 4	No yearly citation counts — left out of this score
Senior author's track record	— / 4	Senior author's record not available — left out of this score
Institution's track record	— / 3	No institution listed in OpenAlex — left out of this score
Multi-centre collaboration	— / 3	Institutions not listed — left out of this score
Indexed in PubMed	2 / 2	Indexed in PubMed (PMID 41568738)
Free to read	— / 2	Access not recorded — left out of this score
Points	43 / 56	Scored on 10 of 20 parts. We have no data for the rest, so they are left out: 43 of the 56 points we could judge it on is 77 out of 100.
Total	77 / 100	—

What each of these 20 components measures, and what this score is not →

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Cite this study APA, Vancouver, BibTeX · download .bib or .ris

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APA 7th

Warren, A., Wynia, Z., Corr, P. G., Devin, M. F., Celikkol, Z., Gordon, L., et al. (2026). The microbiota-gut-brain axis in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease: a scoping review of human studies. Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association. https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.71023

Vancouver

Warren A, Wynia Z, Corr PG, Devin MF, Celikkol Z, Gordon L, et al. The microbiota-gut-brain axis in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease: a scoping review of human studies. Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association. 2026. doi:10.1002/alz.71023. PMID: 41568738.

BibTeX

@article{warren2026-41568738,
  author  = {Warren, Alison and Wynia, Zan and Corr, Patrick G and Devin, Mershad Fahim and Celikkol, Zeynep and Gordon, Lindsey and Farah, Mina and Karam, Michaela and others},
  title   = {{The microbiota-gut-brain axis in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease: a scoping review of human studies}},
  journal = {Alzheimer's \& dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association},
  year    = {2026},
  doi     = {10.1002/alz.71023},
  pmid    = {41568738},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.71023}
}

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