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Evaluating cognitive impairment among a geriatric population in India using the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)–multilingual dementia research and assessment (MUDRA) toolbox
U Venkatesh, Varkey Nadakkavukaran Santhosh, Hari Shanker Joshi, Ashoo Grover, Om Prakash Bera, Palani Selvam Mohanraj, Manoj Prithviraj, R Durga. Indian Journal of Psychiatry, 2025-10-01
Topic: Risk, prevention and care in population studies
Among 1013 participants, 847 screened positive on MoCA (70.4% mild, 13.2% moderate) for cognitive impairment and were assessed further for other domains of ICMR-MUDRA toolbox. Males performed significantly better than females across multiple MUDRA toolbox domains, including attention and executive functions, episodic memory, language, and visuospatial skills ( P ≤ 0.05). Females showed higher error rates in Trail Making Tests and higher line bisection deviation ( P < 0.001). Significant cognitive impairment exists among geriatric population in Gorakhpur. It could arise from the disparities in educational attainment and occupational engagement. These findings emphasize the need for early public health interventions specific for middle-aged population to delay the onset of cognitive impairment.
Key findings
- Among 1013 participants, 847 screened positive on MoCA (70.4% mild, 13.2% moderate) for cognitive impairment and were assessed further for other domains of ICMR-MUDRA toolbox.
- Males performed significantly better than females across multiple MUDRA toolbox domains, including attention and executive functions, episodic memory, language, and visuospatial skills ( P ≤ 0.05).
- Females showed higher error rates in Trail Making Tests and higher line bisection deviation ( P < 0.001).
- Significant cognitive impairment exists among geriatric population in Gorakhpur.
- It could arise from the disparities in educational attainment and occupational engagement.
Why it matters
Among 1,013 older adults in India, 847 screened positive for cognitive impairment on MoCA, with males performing better than females across multiple cognitive domains. The authors suggest early public health interventions for middle-aged people to delay cognitive impairment.
Study details
- Study designcross-sectional
- Participants1,013
- Effect size70.4%; 13.2%
- Evidence strengthLow
How this study scored 46/100
Published in a peer-reviewed journal, and it is a snapshot of people at one point in time. Scored zero for randomised / blinded because the record does not state it.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 7 / 10 | Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (Indian Journal of Psychiatry) |
| Journal's citation record | 1 / 4 | Indian Journal of Psychiatry: journal h-index 94 (OpenAlex, 2026-10-29) |
| Study design | 4 / 12 | A snapshot of people at one point in time |
| Strength of evidence | 1 / 5 | Rated “low” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 4 / 5 | 2025 — within 3 year(s) of the newest study here |
| Sample size | 3 / 4 | 1,013 participants |
| Effect reported | 2 / 3 | Effect reported as a number, without an interval or test |
| Studied in people | 3 / 3 | Studied in people (participant count stated) |
| Randomised / blinded | 0 / 2 | No randomisation or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Times cited | 1 / 7 | Cited 4 times (OpenAlex, 2026-10-10) |
| Citations per year | 1 / 5 | 1.3 citations a year over 3 year(s) since 2025 |
| Impact for its field and year | 2 / 6 | Cited 2.5× the average for papers of its field and year (OpenAlex FWCI) |
| Cited by studies here | 0 / 6 | No other study in this library cites it |
| Still being cited | 1 / 4 | Cited 4 times in 2024–2026 (2026 still in progress; OpenAlex) |
| Senior author's track record | 1 / 4 | Last-listed author R Durga: h-index 6 (OpenAlex, whole career) |
| Institution's track record | 0 / 3 | Indian Council of Medical Research: institution h-index 297 (OpenAlex) |
| Multi-centre collaboration | 1 / 3 | OpenAlex lists 2 institution(s) in 1 country |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 41211500) |
| Free to read | 2 / 2 | Free to read |
| Total | 46 / 100 | — |
What each of these 20 components measures, and what this score is not →
Read the original
- DOI: 10.4103/indianjpsychiatry_424_25
- PubMed: 41211500
- Original source →
- Free full text: Indian Journal of Psychiatry →
Full text: free to read — OpenAlex lists this copy as free to read: the link above (checked 6 Feb 1020).
Cite this study APA, Vancouver, BibTeX · download .bib or .ris
Built from the record alzhub holds for this paper, not looked up. Volume, issue and page numbers are not held in the record. The record names 8 authors; APA and Vancouver show the first six, BibTeX and the downloads carry all of them. Check the citation against the original before you use it.
APA 7th
Venkatesh, U., Santhosh, V. N., Joshi, H. S., Grover, A., Bera, O. P., Mohanraj, P. S., et al. (2025). Evaluating cognitive impairment among a geriatric population in India using the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)–multilingual dementia research and assessment (MUDRA) toolbox. Indian Journal of Psychiatry. https://doi.org/10.4103/indianjpsychiatry_424_25
Vancouver
Venkatesh U, Santhosh VN, Joshi HS, Grover A, Bera OP, Mohanraj PS, et al. Evaluating cognitive impairment among a geriatric population in India using the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)–multilingual dementia research and assessment (MUDRA) toolbox. Indian Journal of Psychiatry. 2025. doi:10.4103/indianjpsychiatry_424_25. PMID: 41211500.
BibTeX
@article{venkatesh2025-41211500,
author = {Venkatesh, U and Santhosh, Varkey Nadakkavukaran and Joshi, Hari Shanker and Grover, Ashoo and Bera, Om Prakash and Mohanraj, Palani Selvam and Prithviraj, Manoj and Durga, R},
title = {{Evaluating cognitive impairment among a geriatric population in India using the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)–multilingual dementia research and assessment (MUDRA) toolbox}},
journal = {Indian Journal of Psychiatry},
year = {2025},
doi = {10.4103/indianjpsychiatry_424_25},
pmid = {41211500},
url = {https://doi.org/10.4103/indianjpsychiatry_424_25}
}
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