Effects of APOE2 and APOE4 on brain microstructure in older adults: modification by age, sex, and cognitive status
Emilie T Reas, Curtis Triebswetter, Sarah J Banks, Linda K McEvoy. Alzheimer's research & therapy, 2024-01-11
Topic: Genetics and APOE
Among CN, APOE4 carriers showed lower entorhinal cortex neurite density than non-carriers, whereas APOE2 carriers showed lower cingulum neurite density than non-carriers. Differences in entorhinal microstructure by APOE4 and in entorhinal and cingulum microstructure by APOE2 were present for women only. Age correlated with lower entorhinal restricted isotropic diffusion among APOE4 non-carriers, whereas age correlated with lower putamen restricted isotropic diffusion among APOE4 carriers. Differences in microstructure between cognitively normal and impaired participants were stronger for APOE4-carriers in medial temporal regions, thalamus, and global gray matter, but stronger for non-carriers in caudate. The entorhinal cortex may be an early target of neurodegenerative changes associated with APOE4 in presymptomatic individuals, whereas APOE2 may support beneficial white matter and entorhinal microstructure, with potential sex differences that warrant further investigation. APOE modifies microstructural patterns associated with aging and cognitive impairment, which may advance the development of biomarkers to distinguish microstructural changes characteristic of normal brain aging, APOE-dependent pathways, and non-AD etiologies.
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APA 7th
Reas, E. T., Triebswetter, C., Banks, S. J., & McEvoy, L. K. (2024). Effects of APOE2 and APOE4 on brain microstructure in older adults: modification by age, sex, and cognitive status. Alzheimer's research & therapy. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13195-023-01380-w
Vancouver
Reas ET, Triebswetter C, Banks SJ, McEvoy LK. Effects of APOE2 and APOE4 on brain microstructure in older adults: modification by age, sex, and cognitive status. Alzheimer's research & therapy. 2024. doi:10.1186/s13195-023-01380-w. PMID: 38212861.
BibTeX
@article{reas2024-38212861,
author = {Reas, Emilie T and Triebswetter, Curtis and Banks, Sarah J and McEvoy, Linda K},
title = {{Effects of APOE2 and APOE4 on brain microstructure in older adults: modification by age, sex, and cognitive status}},
journal = {Alzheimer's research \& therapy},
year = {2024},
doi = {10.1186/s13195-023-01380-w},
pmid = {38212861},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1186/s13195-023-01380-w}
}
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Key findings
- Among CN, APOE4 carriers showed lower entorhinal cortex neurite density than non-carriers, whereas APOE2 carriers showed lower cingulum neurite density than non-carriers.
- Differences in entorhinal microstructure by APOE4 and in entorhinal and cingulum microstructure by APOE2 were present for women only.
- Age correlated with lower entorhinal restricted isotropic diffusion among APOE4 non-carriers, whereas age correlated with lower putamen restricted isotropic diffusion among APOE4 carriers.
- Differences in microstructure between cognitively normal and impaired participants were stronger for APOE4-carriers in medial temporal regions, thalamus, and global gray matter, but stronger for non-carriers in caudate.
- The entorhinal cortex may be an early target of neurodegenerative changes associated with APOE4 in presymptomatic individuals, whereas APOE2 may support beneficial white matter and entorhinal microstructure, with potential sex differences that warrant further investigation.
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Study details
- Evidence strengthLow
How this study scored 43/100
Published in a peer-reviewed journal. Scored zero for study design, sample size, effect reported, studied in people and randomized / blinded because the record does not state it. We have no data on journal's citation record, times cited, citations per year, impact for its field and year, cited by studies here, still being cited, senior author's track record, institution's track record, multicenter collaboration and free to read, so those were left out: it earned 24 of the 56 points we could judge it on, which is 43 out of 100.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 7 / 10 | Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (Alzheimer's research & therapy) |
| Journal's citation record | — / 4 | No journal record from OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Study design | 0 / 12 | No study design recorded — scores zero, not guessed (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Strength of evidence | 1 / 5 | Rated “low” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 4 / 5 | 2024 — within 3 year(s) of the newest study here |
| Sample size | 0 / 4 | Participant count not stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Effect reported | 0 / 3 | No effect size reported — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Studied in people | 0 / 3 | Not stated whether this was studied in people — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Randomized / blinded | 0 / 2 | No randomization or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Times cited | — / 7 | No citation count (not found in OpenAlex) — left out of this score |
| Citations per year | — / 5 | No citation count or no year — left out of this score |
| Impact for its field and year | — / 6 | No field-weighted citation impact (OpenAlex has none yet) — left out of this score |
| Cited by studies here | — / 6 | Not yet checked against this library's citation graph — left out of this score |
| Still being cited | — / 4 | No yearly citation counts — left out of this score |
| Senior author's track record | — / 4 | Senior author's record not available — left out of this score |
| Institution's track record | — / 3 | No institution listed in OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Multicenter collaboration | — / 3 | Institutions not listed — left out of this score |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 38212861) |
| Free to read | — / 2 | Access not recorded — left out of this score |
| Points | 24 / 56 | Scored on 10 of 20 parts. We have no data for the rest, so they are left out: 24 of the 56 points we could judge it on is 43 out of 100. |
| Total | 43 / 100 | — |
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