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37/100

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 37 out of 100. Down syndrome and Alzheimer's

Topic: Brain proteins, microglia and lab models

Plain-language summary

Down syndrome (DS) is the most common non-lethal genetic condition that affects approximately 1 in 700 births in the United States of America. DS is characterized by complete or segmental chromosome 21 trisomy, which leads to variable intellectual disabilities, progressive memory loss, and accelerated neurodegeneration with age. During the last three decades, people with DS have experienced a doubling of life expectancy due to progress in treatment of medical comorbidities, which has allowed this population to reach the age when they develop early onset Alzheimer's disease (AD). Individuals with DS develop cognitive and pathological hallmarks of AD in their fourth or fifth decade, and are currently lacking successful prevention or treatment options for dementia. The profound memory deficits associated with DS-related AD (DS-AD) have been associated with degeneration of several neuronal populations, but mechanisms of neurodegeneration are largely unexplored. The most successful animal model for DS is the Ts65Dn mouse, but several new models have also been developed. In the current review, we discuss recent findings and potential treatment options for the management of memory loss and AD neuropathology in DS mouse models. We also review agerelated neuropathology, and recent findings from neuroimaging studies. The validation of appropriate DS mouse models that mimic neurodegeneration and memory loss in humans with DS can be valuable in the study of novel preventative and treatment interventions, and may be helpful in pinpointing gene-gene interactions as well as specific gene segments involved in neurodegeneration.

What this study adds

Evidence grade: Low

This is a narrative review. This review discusses memory loss and Alzheimer pathology in mouse models of Down syndrome and notes that mechanisms of nerve cell degeneration are largely unexplored. It reports no treatment or cure.

Taken from this record’s own fields, not from reading the paper. The grade is assigned from the abstract’s wording; what that means.

Cite this study APA, Vancouver, BibTeX · download .bib or .ris

APA 7th

Hamlett, E. D., Boger, H. A., Ledreux, A., Kelley, C. M., Mufson, E. J., Falangola, M. F., et al. (2016). Cognitive Impairment, Neuroimaging, and Alzheimer Neuropathology in Mouse Models of Down Syndrome. Current Alzheimer research. https://doi.org/10.2174/1567205012666150921095505

Vancouver

Hamlett ED, Boger HA, Ledreux A, Kelley CM, Mufson EJ, Falangola MF, et al. Cognitive Impairment, Neuroimaging, and Alzheimer Neuropathology in Mouse Models of Down Syndrome. Current Alzheimer research. 2016. doi:10.2174/1567205012666150921095505. PMID: 26391050.

BibTeX

@article{hamlett2016-26391050,
  author  = {Hamlett, E. D. and Boger, H. A. and Ledreux, A. and Kelley, C. M. and Mufson, E. J. and Falangola, M. F. and Guilfoyle, D. N. and Nixon, R. A. and others},
  title   = {{Cognitive Impairment, Neuroimaging, and Alzheimer Neuropathology in Mouse Models of Down Syndrome}},
  journal = {Current Alzheimer research},
  year    = {2016},
  doi     = {10.2174/1567205012666150921095505},
  pmid    = {26391050},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.2174/1567205012666150921095505}
}

Built from the record alzhub holds for this paper, not looked up. Volume, issue and page numbers are not held in the record. The record's author list ends in “et al.”, so not every author is named. Check the citation against the original before you use it.

How to read this study

Design: this is a narrative review. It summarises a field without a fixed search method, so it shows how authors read the evidence rather than measuring it. Use it to find the primary studies, not as a result in itself.
Size: the record gives no participant count. Look for one in the original before trusting a pattern.
Effect: the record gives no effect size, so the summary above cannot say how large any difference was.

What the evidence grade means here

This page is graded low. alzhub.org assigns the grade automatically from keywords in the abstract, not from reading the paper. Low means the abstract matched neither pattern. It is the default label, and it does not mean the work is poor; many sound lab and imaging papers land here. It can add at most 5 of the 100 points in the study score, and it is a label about design, not a verdict on whether the findings are true.

New to reading papers? Six questions to ask of any Alzheimer’s study · how we score.

Key findings

The profound memory deficits associated with DS-related AD (DS-AD) have been associated with degeneration of several neuronal populations, but mechanisms of neurodegeneration are largely unexplored.

Why it matters

This review discusses memory loss and Alzheimer pathology in mouse models of Down syndrome and notes that mechanisms of nerve cell degeneration are largely unexplored. It reports no treatment or cure.

Study details

Evidence strengthLow

How this study scored 37/100

Published in a peer-reviewed journal. Scored zero for study design, sample size, effect reported and randomized / blinded because the record does not state it.

Component	Points	Why
Journal tier	7 / 10	Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (Current Alzheimer research)
Journal's citation record	1 / 4	Current Alzheimer Research: journal h-index 119 (OpenAlex, 2026-10-29)
Study design	0 / 12	No study design recorded — scores zero, not guessed (not stated in the record — scored 0)
Strength of evidence	1 / 5	Rated “low” in our summary
Peer-review validation	10 / 10	Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal.
How recent	1 / 5	2016 — within 20 year(s) of the newest study here
Sample size	0 / 4	Participant count not stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0)
Effect reported	0 / 3	No effect size reported — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0)
Studied in people	0 / 3	Laboratory or animal study (title names “mouse”) — scores zero
Randomized / blinded	0 / 2	No randomization or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0)
Times cited	4 / 7	Cited 50 times (OpenAlex, 2026-10-10)
Citations per year	2 / 5	4.2 citations a year over 12 year(s) since 2016
Impact for its field and year	3 / 6	Cited 3.6× the average for papers of its field and year (OpenAlex FWCI)
Cited by studies here	1 / 6	Cited by 2 other studies in this library
Still being cited	1 / 4	Cited 12 times in 2024–2026 (2026 still in progress; OpenAlex)
Senior author's track record	3 / 4	Last-listed author Ann‐Charlotte Granholm: h-index 58 (OpenAlex, whole career)
Institution's track record	1 / 3	Medical University of South Carolina: institution h-index 715 (OpenAlex)
Multicenter collaboration	0 / 3	OpenAlex lists 1 institution(s) in 1 country — scores zero (affiliation lists can be incomplete)
Indexed in PubMed	2 / 2	Indexed in PubMed (PMID 26391050)
Free to read	0 / 2	Behind a paywall — scores zero
Total	37 / 100	—

What each of these 20 components measures, and what this score is not →

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