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Characterization of Mexican Americans with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease
O'Bryant SE, Johnson L, Balldin V, Edwards M, Barber R, Williams B, Devous M, Cushings B et al.. Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD, 2013-01-01
Topic: Amyloid, tau and blood-test diagnosis
The purpose of the study was to provide characterization of Mexican Americans who meet criteria for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). For the study, 1,069 participants ages 40 and above who self-identified as either non-Hispanic white (n = 633) or Mexican American (n = 436) were recruited using a community-based participatory research approach. Global cognition was assessed via the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), dementia severity by the Clinical Dementia Rating Scale, and depression via the Geriatric Depression Scale 30-item version. Age, gender, education, ApoE ε4 allele frequency, and diabetic diagnoses were also analyzed. The findings showed that Mexican Americans (normal controls, MCI, and AD) were younger, less highly educated, performed more poorly on the MMSE, endorsed more symptoms of depression, were more likely to be diagnosed with diabetes, and possessed the ApoE ε4 allele less frequently. Age was the only significant risk factor for cognitive dysfunction (AD/MCI) among Mexican Americans (OR = 1.06, 95% CI = 1.03-1.09). Age (B = 0.07, std = 0.02, p < 0.001) and ApoE ε4 presence (B = 0.9, std = 0.4, p = 0.02) were significantly related to increased disease severity. Given the rapidly growing and aging Mexican American population, there is a substantial need for research into cognitive aging, MCI, and AD among this ethnic group. The current findings hold important implications for both clinic and research settings and point to additional research needs.
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APA 7th
O'Bryant, S. E., Johnson, L., Balldin, V., Edwards, M., Barber, R., Williams, B., et al. (2013). Characterization of Mexican Americans with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease. Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD. https://doi.org/10.3233/jad-2012-121420
Vancouver
O'Bryant SE, Johnson L, Balldin V, Edwards M, Barber R, Williams B, et al. Characterization of Mexican Americans with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease. Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD. 2013. doi:10.3233/jad-2012-121420. PMID: 22976076.
BibTeX
@article{obryant2013-22976076,
author = {O'Bryant, S. E. and Johnson, L. and Balldin, V. and Edwards, M. and Barber, R. and Williams, B. and Devous, M. and Cushings, B. and others},
title = {{Characterization of Mexican Americans with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease}},
journal = {Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD},
year = {2013},
doi = {10.3233/jad-2012-121420},
pmid = {22976076},
url = {https://doi.org/10.3233/jad-2012-121420}
}
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Key findings
- The findings showed that Mexican Americans (normal controls, MCI, and AD) were younger, less highly educated, performed more poorly on the MMSE, endorsed more symptoms of depression, were more likely to be diagnosed with diabetes, and possessed the ApoE ε4 allele less frequently.
- Age was the only significant risk factor for cognitive dysfunction (AD/MCI) among Mexican Americans (OR = 1.06, 95% CI = 1.03-1.09).
- Age (B = 0.07, std = 0.02, p < 0.001) and ApoE ε4 presence (B = 0.9, std = 0.4, p = 0.02) were significantly related to increased disease severity.
Why it matters
Mexican American participants with normal cognition, mild cognitive impairment, or Alzheimer's disease were younger, less educated, scored lower on the MMSE, reported more depression symptoms, and had diabetes more often than non-Hispanic white participants. Age was the only significant risk factor for cognitive dysfunction among Mexican Americans, and the study does not test any treatment, cure, or prevention.
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Study details
- Participants633
- Effect sizeOR = 1.06
- Evidence strengthLow
How this study scored 49/100
Published in a peer-reviewed journal. Scored zero for study design and randomised / blinded because the record does not state it.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 7 / 10 | Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD) |
| Journal's citation record | 2 / 4 | Journal of Alzheimer s Disease: journal h-index 218 (OpenAlex, 2026-10-29) |
| Study design | 0 / 12 | No study design recorded — scores zero, not guessed (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Strength of evidence | 1 / 5 | Rated “low” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 1 / 5 | 2013 — within 20 year(s) of the newest study here |
| Sample size | 2 / 4 | 633 participants |
| Effect reported | 3 / 3 | Effect reported with a statistic (interval, p-value, ratio or similar) |
| Studied in people | 3 / 3 | Studied in people (participant count stated) |
| Randomised / blinded | 0 / 2 | No randomisation or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Times cited | 5 / 7 | Cited 114 times (OpenAlex, 2026-10-10) |
| Citations per year | 2 / 5 | 7.6 citations a year over 15 year(s) since 2013 |
| Impact for its field and year | 2 / 6 | Cited 2.1× the average for papers of its field and year (OpenAlex FWCI) |
| Cited by studies here | 2 / 6 | Cited by 6 other studies in this library |
| Still being cited | 2 / 4 | Cited 17 times in 2024–2026 (2026 still in progress; OpenAlex) |
| Senior author's track record | 2 / 4 | Last-listed author James Richard Hall: h-index 38 (OpenAlex, whole career) |
| Institution's track record | 1 / 3 | The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center: institution h-index 1,356 (OpenAlex) |
| Multi-centre collaboration | 2 / 3 | OpenAlex lists 4 institution(s) in 1 country |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 22976076) |
| Free to read | 0 / 2 | Behind a paywall — scores zero |
| Total | 49 / 100 | — |
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