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Approach to Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson's Disease
Zhang Q, Aldridge GM, Narayanan NS, Anderson SW, Uc EY.. Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics, 2020-10-01
Topic: Risk, prevention and care in population studies
Cognitive dysfunction is common in Parkinson's disease (PD) and predicts poor clinical outcomes. It is associated primarily with pathologic involvement of basal forebrain cholinergic and prefrontal dopaminergic systems. Impairments in executive functions, attention, and visuospatial abilities are its hallmark features with eventual involvement of memory and other domains. Subtle symptoms in the premotor and early phases of PD progress to mild cognitive impairment (MCI) which may be present at the time of diagnosis. Eventually, a large majority of PD patients develop dementia with advancing age and longer disease duration, which is usually accompanied by immobility, hallucinations/psychosis, and dysautonomia. Dopaminergic medications and deep brain stimulation help motor dysfunction, but may have potential cognitive side effects. Central acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, and possibly memantine, provide modest and temporary symptomatic relief for dementia, although there is no evidence-based treatment for MCI. There is no proven disease-modifying treatment for cognitive impairment in PD. The symptomatic and disease-modifying role of physical exercise, cognitive training, and neuromodulation on cognitive impairment in PD is under investigation. Multidisciplinary approaches to cognitive impairment with effective treatment of comorbidities, proper rehabilitation, and maintenance of good support systems in addition to pharmaceutical treatment may improve the quality of life of the patients and caregivers.
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APA 7th
Zhang, Q., Aldridge, G. M., Narayanan, N. S., Anderson, S. W., & Uc, E. Y. (2020). Approach to Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson's Disease. Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13311-020-00963-x
Vancouver
Zhang Q, Aldridge GM, Narayanan NS, Anderson SW, Uc EY. Approach to Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson's Disease. Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics. 2020. doi:10.1007/s13311-020-00963-x. PMID: 33205381.
BibTeX
@article{zhang2020-33205381,
author = {Zhang, Q. and Aldridge, G. M. and Narayanan, N. S. and Anderson, S. W. and Uc, E. Y.},
title = {{Approach to Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson's Disease}},
journal = {Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics},
year = {2020},
doi = {10.1007/s13311-020-00963-x},
pmid = {33205381},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s13311-020-00963-x}
}
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Key findings
- Dopaminergic medications and deep brain stimulation help motor dysfunction, but may have potential cognitive side effects.
- Central acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, and possibly memantine, provide modest and temporary symptomatic relief for dementia, although there is no evidence-based treatment for MCI.
- There is no proven disease-modifying treatment for cognitive impairment in PD.
- The symptomatic and disease-modifying role of physical exercise, cognitive training, and neuromodulation on cognitive impairment in PD is under investigation.
- Multidisciplinary approaches to cognitive impairment with effective treatment of comorbidities, proper rehabilitation, and maintenance of good support systems in addition to pharmaceutical treatment may improve the quality of life of the patients and caregivers.
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Study details
- Evidence strengthLow
How this study scored 38/100
Published in a peer-reviewed journal. Scored zero for study design, sample size, effect reported, studied in people and randomised / blinded because the record does not state it. We have no data on journal's citation record, times cited, citations per year, impact for its field and year, cited by studies here, still being cited, senior author's track record, institution's track record and multi-centre collaboration, so those were left out: it earned 22 of the 58 points we could judge it on, which is 38 out of 100.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 7 / 10 | Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics) |
| Journal's citation record | — / 4 | No journal record from OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Study design | 0 / 12 | No study design recorded — scores zero, not guessed (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Strength of evidence | 1 / 5 | Rated “low” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 2 / 5 | 2020 — within 10 year(s) of the newest study here |
| Sample size | 0 / 4 | Participant count not stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Effect reported | 0 / 3 | No effect size reported — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Studied in people | 0 / 3 | Not stated whether this was studied in people — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Randomised / blinded | 0 / 2 | No randomisation or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Times cited | — / 7 | No citation count (not found in OpenAlex) — left out of this score |
| Citations per year | — / 5 | No citation count or no year — left out of this score |
| Impact for its field and year | — / 6 | No field-weighted citation impact (OpenAlex has none yet) — left out of this score |
| Cited by studies here | — / 6 | Not yet checked against this library's citation graph — left out of this score |
| Still being cited | — / 4 | No yearly citation counts — left out of this score |
| Senior author's track record | — / 4 | Senior author's record not available — left out of this score |
| Institution's track record | — / 3 | No institution listed in OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Multi-centre collaboration | — / 3 | Institutions not listed — left out of this score |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 33205381) |
| Free to read | 0 / 2 | Behind a paywall — scores zero |
| Points | 22 / 58 | Scored on 11 of 20 parts. We have no data for the rest, so they are left out: 22 of the 58 points we could judge it on is 38 out of 100. |
| Total | 38 / 100 | — |
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