alzhub.org
Get help now — free helplines

You can call any of these for free. You do not need a diagnosis, an appointment, or a crisis to call — questions and plain exhaustion are reasons enough.

  • Alzheimer's Association 24/7 Helpline 800-272-3900 24 hours a day, 365 days a year Free, confidential support and information for people with dementia, caregivers, families and the public. Master's-level clinicians. Also Spanish.
  • 988 Suicide & Crisis Lifeline 988 24/7 Call or text 988, or chat at 988lifeline.org. For anyone in emotional distress or a mental-health crisis, including caregivers.
  • Alzheimer's Foundation of America (AFA) Helpline 866-232-8484 9:00 am - 9:00 pm ET, seven days a week Licensed social workers providing support, info and referrals. Also text message and web chat. Text: 646-586-5283

In a medical emergency, call 911. More numbers, and what each line does, on the help page.

Research

31,380 Alzheimer's and dementia studies in plain English, each scored out of 100.

Find studies

Showing 1,451–1,475 of 1,618 studies · free to read · tagged Risk Factors (page 59 of 65) · 31,380 in the whole library · How the 0–100 score works

Download bibliography of the first 500 of these studies, in this order: BibTeX (.bib) · RIS (.ris)

Browse by subject, author or institution

Each number is how many studies that link shows, with your other filters kept.

Subjects

Authors

Names as each record prints them; the same person can appear under two spellings.

Institutions

From OpenAlex; 16,851 studies have no institution on record and are not counted here.

A note on reading research. One study is rarely the final word.

We try to note the size of a study, whether it was in humans or animals, and how early-stage the finding is. If a summary here doesn't make that clear, treat it with extra caution and check the original source.

Chronic caffeine consumption prevents obesity-induced cognitive and memory impairments by reducing neuroinflammation and enhancing neuronal activity in the hippocampus

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 41 out of 100. Pharmacological Research 2026-02-13

Obesity and its associated metabolic disturbances increase the risk of cognitive decline, dementia, and anxiety-related disorders. 2 key findings →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

A structural haplotype in the 17q21.31 MAPT region is associated with increased risk for chronic traumatic encephalopathy endophenotypes

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 41 out of 100. Cell Reports Medicine 2025-04-15

Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a neurodegenerative tauopathy associated with repetitive head impact (RHI) exposure. 3 key findings →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

Neighborhood deprivation and midlife cognition: Evidence of a modifiable vascular pathway involving health behaviors and cerebral small vessel disease

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 41 out of 100. Alzheimer s & Dementia 2025-11-01

Neighborhood deprivation was associated with poorer cognition (r = 0.36, p < 0.001), greater prevalence of modifiable risk factors (r = 0.36, p < 0.001), and greater SVD burden (β = 0.18, p = 0.008). 4 key findings →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

Risk of stroke associated with risperidone in dementia with and without comorbid cardiovascular disease: population-based matched cohort study

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 41 out of 100. The British Journal of Psychiatry 2025-10-09

In the overall cohort (28 403 risperidone users and 136 324 mtatched controls), risperidone was associated with increased risk of stroke (adjusted hazard ratio: 1.28; 95% CI: 1.20-1.37). 5 key findings →

Evidence: moderate

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

The impact of inflammation on cognitive function in older adults: implications for healthcare practice and research

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 40 out of 100. The Journal of neuroscience nursing : journal of the American Association of Neuroscience Nurses 2012-08-01

Accumulating evidence suggests that levels of inflammation, an immune response, increase with age throughout the body and the brain. 2 key findings →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

The neurodegeneration mutant löchrig interferes with cholesterol homeostasis and Appl processing

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 40 out of 100. The EMBO journal 2002-12-01

The novel Drosophila mutant löchrig (loe) shows progressive neurodegeneration and neuronal cell death, in addition to a low level of cholesterol ester. loe affects a specific isoform of the gamma-subunit of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a negative regulator of hydroxymethylglutaryl (HMG)-CoA reductase and cholesterol synthesis in vertebrates. 4 key findings →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

Gene co-expression networks identify Trem2 and Tyrobp as major hubs in human APOE expressing mice following traumatic brain injury

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 40 out of 100. Neurobiology of disease 2017-05-11

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is strongly linked to an increased risk of developing dementia, including chronic traumatic encephalopathy and possibly Alzheimer's disease (AD). 4 key findings →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

Obesity and White Matter Neuroinflammation Related Edema in Alzheimer's Disease Dementia Biomarker Negative Cognitively Normal Individuals

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 40 out of 100. Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD 2021-01-01

Obesity is related to quantitative neuroimaging abnormalities including reduced gray matter volumes and impaired white matter microstructural integrity, although the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. 4 key findings →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

Amelioration of neurodegenerative changes in cellular and rat models of diabetes-related Alzheimer's disease by exendin-4

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 40 out of 100. Age (Dordrecht, Netherlands) 2011-09-08

Growing evidence suggests that type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with age-dependent Alzheimer's disease (AD), the latter of which has even been considered as type 3 diabetes. 4 key findings →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

Association of medication adherence quality measures for diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia with cognitive decline

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 40 out of 100. Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care 2023-11-01

The study population of 99,774 individuals had a mean age of 71.0 years and was 49.1% female, 73.9% White, and 17.8% Black, with 62.0% living in an urban setting. 5 key findings →

Participants: 99,774 Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

Intrinsic factors associated with engagement in healthy lifestyle behaviors for dementia risk reduction in midlife

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 40 out of 100. Alzheimer s & Dementia Behavior & Socioeconomics of Aging 2025-04-06

LPA identified four intrinsic profiles: Profile 1 had low motivation; Profile 2 had high motivation and self-efficacy, but poor dementia knowledge; Profile 3 had moderate motivation; and Profile 4 had low motivation and high apathy. 5 key findings →

Participants: 347 Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

Multidomain interventions for prevention of dementia: Achievements, challenges and future perspectives

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 40 out of 100. Geriatrics and gerontology international/Geriatrics & gerontology international 2025-06-17

With the aging of the population, the number of persons with dementia is expected to increase worldwide, making the establishment of preventive strategies for dementia an urgent issue. 2 key findings →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

Modifiable Lifestyle Risk Factors and Strategies for Slowing the Progression of Age-Related Macular Degeneration

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 40 out of 100. Vision 2025-02-23

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a multifactorial disorder influenced by genetic, lifestyle, nutritional, and systemic health factors that contribute to increased oxidative stress and chronic inflammation in the retina. 4 key findings →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

Disparities in Clinical Trial Participation for Hearing Loss Treatment and Cognitive Outcomes in the United States: A Scoping Review

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 40 out of 100. The Laryngoscope 2025-04-26

Twenty-two studies (RCTs, non-RCTs, single arm and prospective trials) were included (n = 6-977; mean age: 72.0 years; 66.9% male). 5 key findings →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

↑ Change the filters

Where “Free full text” comes from

Free full text links and the Full text may need a subscription label come from Unpaywall, Europe PMC and OpenAlex records of free copies, checked 10 Oct 2026. A study with neither is unknown, not paywalled.

How the 0–100 score works — and why some entries are capped

This is alzhub's own score. It is not an official metric, not an impact factor, and no journal, publisher or ranking body endorses it. We built it so that a reader who is not a scientist can tell a landmark trial from a conference abstract without having to already know the difference. Every point comes from one of 20 components, all of them printed on the study itself, so you can disagree with our arithmetic rather than having to trust the total.

  • Journal tier up to 10 pts
  • Journal's citation record up to 4 pts
  • Study design up to 12 pts
  • Strength of evidence up to 5 pts
  • Peer-review validation up to 10 pts
  • How recent up to 5 pts
  • Sample size up to 4 pts
  • Effect reported up to 3 pts
  • Studied in people up to 3 pts
  • Randomised / blinded up to 2 pts
  • Times cited up to 7 pts
  • Citations per year up to 5 pts
  • Impact for its field and year up to 6 pts
  • Cited by studies here up to 6 pts
  • Still being cited up to 4 pts
  • Senior author's track record up to 4 pts
  • Institution's track record up to 3 pts
  • Multi-centre collaboration up to 3 pts
  • Indexed in PubMed up to 2 pts
  • Free to read up to 2 pts

Journals are placed in ordered tiers, never given a numeric impact factor — we could not verify current impact factors from a source we control, and an invented one would be worse than none. Tier 1 is the top-tier general journals (NEJM, The Lancet, JAMA, Nature, Science, Nature Medicine); tier 2 is the leading specialty journals; tier 3 is every other peer-reviewed journal. A separate part scores how much the journal's own papers are cited, which tells the tier-3 journals apart.

Two rules we don't bend. First, we never fill in a missing value: if a record does not state a sample size or a design, that component scores zero, and if we simply have no data for a part, such as a citation count, that part is left out and the study is scored on the parts we could check. The study card says which. Second, anything that is not a peer-reviewed article is capped at 16/100 and carries a warning chip — so a conference abstract or a company press release can never outrank a peer-reviewed paper, no matter how good it looks.

We rank a rigorous null result — a good trial showing that something does not work — above an early positive finding. Someone deciding whether to buy a supplement is served by that, and the rigour is already counted by the design and journal components.

The score is computed from the published data alone and is reproducible: the same file always yields the same numbers.

See the whole rubric drawn out → — four charts covering all 31,380 studies: how the scores are spread and where the cap bites, which of the 20 components the library is strong and weak on, which subjects rest on stronger evidence, and what kinds of study each subject is actually built from.

What this library is — and isn't

This is a large sample of the Alzheimer's literature, not an exhaustive index of it. It holds 31,380 records, built mostly from automated pulls of Europe PMC (65.6% of the library) and OpenAlex (16.2%), plus smaller pulls from PubMed, Crossref and medRxiv. If a study, a drug, or a finding isn't here, that is not evidence it doesn't exist in the literature — it may simply not have been pulled in yet.

1,048 records (3.3% of the library) are not peer-reviewed — 973 of those are preprints posted before any journal review, and the rest are conference abstracts, regulatory notices and reports. Every study card on this page states its status plainly, and the score above is capped for anything that isn't a peer-reviewed article.

See the full, machine-readable breakdown of this library's coverage →

Newest studies, as a dated timeline →    Atom feed    Where this research is being discussed: events