Get help now — free helplines

You can call any of these for free. You do not need a diagnosis, an appointment, or a crisis to call — questions and plain exhaustion are reasons enough.

  • Alzheimer's Association 24/7 Helpline 800-272-3900 24 hours a day, 365 days a year Free, confidential support and information for people with dementia, caregivers, families and the public. Master's-level clinicians. Also Spanish.
  • 988 Suicide & Crisis Lifeline 988 24/7 Call or text 988, or chat at 988lifeline.org. For anyone in emotional distress or a mental-health crisis, including caregivers.
  • Alzheimer's Foundation of America (AFA) Helpline 866-232-8484 9:00 am - 9:00 pm ET, seven days a week Licensed social workers providing support, info and referrals. Also text message and web chat. Text: 646-586-5283

In a medical emergency, call 911. More numbers, and what each line does, on the help page.

Each study has a usefulness score out of 100 (rubric version 4.0). Tap a score to see what makes it up.

Highest usefulness score first. Studies without a score come last.

  1. A femtomolar-acting neuroprotective peptide

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 36 out of 100. The Journal of clinical investigation 1996-05-01 Disease mechanisms

    A novel 14-amino acid peptide, with stress-protein-like sequences, exhibiting neuroprotection at unprecedented concentrations, is revealed.

  2. Characterization of mAb AP422, a novel phosphorylation-dependent monoclonal antibody against tau protein

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 36 out of 100. FEBS letters 1996-04-01 Drug development

    A monoclonal antibody (AP422) specific for phosphoserine 422 in microtubule-associated protein tau has been produced.

  3. Acetylcholinesterase accelerates assembly of amyloid-beta-peptides into Alzheimer's fibrils: possible role of the peripheral site of the enzyme

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 36 out of 100. Neuron 1996-04-01 Disease mechanisms

    Acetylcholinesterase (AChE), an important component of cholinergic synapses, colocalizes with amyloid-beta peptide (A beta) deposits of Alzheimer's brain.

  4. Amnesia induced in mice by centrally administered beta-amyloid peptides involves cholinergic dysfunction

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 36 out of 100. Brain research 1996-01-01 Treatments

    Substantial evidences suggest that the increased cerebral deposition, and neurotoxic action of the beta-amyloid peptide, the major constituent of senile plaques, may represent the underlying cause of the cognitive deficits observed in Alzheimer's disease.

  5. Neuropathological diagnostic criteria for Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) and other human spongiform encephalopathies (prion diseases)

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 36 out of 100. Brain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland) 1995-10-01 Risk factors

    Neuropathological diagnostic criteria for Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) and other human transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (prion diseases) are proposed for the following disease entities: CJD--sporadic, iatrogenic (recognised risk) or familial (same disease in 1st degree relative): spongiform encephalopathy in cerebral and/or cerebellar cortex and/or subcortical grey matter; or encephalopathy with prion protein (PrP) immunoreactivity (plaque and/or diffuse synaptic and/or patchy/perivacuolar types).

  6. Glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta phosphorylates tau protein at multiple sites in intact cells

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 36 out of 100. Neuroscience letters 1995-09-01 Drug development

    Hyperphosphorylated tau protein is the major constituent of the paired helical filament (PHF), the major fibrous component of the neurofibrillary lesions of Alzheimer's disease (AD).

  7. beta-Amyloid precursor protein-deficient mice show reactive gliosis and decreased locomotor activity

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 36 out of 100. Cell 1995-05-01 Risk genes beyond APOE

    In several pedigrees of early onset familial Alzheimer's disease (FAD), point mutations in the beta-amyloid precursor protein (APP) gene are genetically linked to the disease.

  8. Monoclonal antibody AT8 recognises tau protein phosphorylated at both serine 202 and threonine 205

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 36 out of 100. Neuroscience letters 1995-04-01 Drug development

    Hyperphosphorylated microtubule-associated protein tau is the major component of the paired helical filament of Alzheimer's disease.

  9. The precursor protein of non-A beta component of Alzheimer's disease amyloid is a presynaptic protein of the central nervous system

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 36 out of 100. Neuron 1995-02-01 Disease mechanisms

    Non-A beta component of Alzheimer's disease amyloid (NAC) is the second component in the amyloid from brain tissue of patients affected with Alzheimer's disease.

  10. Beta-amyloid neurotoxicity requires fibril formation and is inhibited by congo red

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 36 out of 100. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1994-12-01 Risk factors

    beta-Amyloid (beta A) is normally produced as a nontoxic soluble peptide.

  11. Epitope mapping of monoclonal antibodies to the paired helical filaments of Alzheimer's disease: identification of phosphorylation sites in tau protein

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 36 out of 100. The Biochemical journal 1994-08-01 Drug development

    Tau is a neuronal phosphoprotein the expression of which is developmentally regulated.

  12. Evidence that production and release of amyloid beta-protein involves the endocytic pathway

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 36 out of 100. The Journal of biological chemistry 1994-07-01 Risk genes beyond APOE

    Amyloid beta-protein (A beta), the 40-43-amino acid polypeptide that is the principal constituent of senile plaques found in Alzheimer's disease, is constitutively produced and released into medium of cultured cells by an unclear mechanism.

  13. Hydrogen peroxide mediates amyloid beta protein toxicity

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 36 out of 100. Cell 1994-06-01 Disease mechanisms

    Amyloid beta protein (A beta) is a 40-43 amino acid peptide that is associated with plaques in the brains of Alzheimer's patients and is cytotoxic to cultured neurons.

  14. Identification of two distinct synucleins from human brain

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 36 out of 100. FEBS letters 1994-05-01 Brain tissue and pathology

    Two abundant proteins of 140 and 134 amino acids were purified and sequenced from human brain.

  15. Modulation of A beta adhesiveness and secretase site cleavage by zinc

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 36 out of 100. The Journal of biological chemistry 1994-04-01 Down syndrome and Alzheimer's

    Abnormalities of zinc homeostasis occur in Alzheimer's disease (AD), a dementia characterized by the aggregation of A beta in the brain, and in Down syndrome, a condition characterized by premature AD.

  16. Molecular cloning of cDNA encoding an unrecognized component of amyloid in Alzheimer disease

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 36 out of 100. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1993-12-01 Brain tissue and pathology

    A neuropathological hallmark of Alzheimer disease (AD) is a widespread amyloid deposition.

  17. Microtubule-associated protein tau. Abnormal phosphorylation of a non-paired helical filament pool in Alzheimer disease

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 36 out of 100. The Journal of biological chemistry 1993-11-01 Biomarkers

    The major protein subunit of the paired helical filaments (PHF) of Alzheimer disease (AD) is the microtubule-associated protein tau.

  18. Re-evaluation of the structural organization of neuritic plaques in Alzheimer's disease

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 36 out of 100. Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology 1993-11-01 Drug development

    We re-examined the relationship among synaptic pathology, subcellular abnormalities within neurites in the plaques and beta-amyloid deposits of Alzheimer's disease (AD) using laser confocal imaging and computer-aided serial section reconstruction techniques.

  19. beta-Amyloid precursor protein metabolites and loss of neuronal Ca2+ homeostasis in Alzheimer's disease

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 36 out of 100. Trends in neurosciences 1993-10-01 Down syndrome and Alzheimer's

    Recent findings link altered processing of beta-amyloid precursor protein (beta APP) to disruption of neuronal Ca2+ homeostasis and an excitotoxic mechanism of cell death in Alzheimer's disease.

  20. Neurodegeneration induced by beta-amyloid peptides in vitro: the role of peptide assembly state

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 36 out of 100. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 1993-04-01 Inflammation and the immune system

    The progressive neurodegeneration of Alzheimer's disease has been hypothesized to be mediated, at least in part, by beta-amyloid protein.

  21. Evidence for excitoprotective and intraneuronal calcium-regulating roles for secreted forms of the beta-amyloid precursor protein

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 36 out of 100. Neuron 1993-02-01 Risk genes beyond APOE

    The beta-amyloid precursor protein (beta APP) is a membrane-spanning glycoprotein that is the source of the beta-amyloid peptide (beta AP) which accumulates as senile plaques in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease. beta APP is normally processed such that a cleavage occurs within the beta AP, liberating secreted forms of beta APP (APPss) from the cell.

  22. Recognition of the minimal epitope of monoclonal antibody Tau-1 depends upon the presence of a phosphate group but not its location

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 36 out of 100. Journal of neuroscience research 1993-02-01 Drug development

    The major constituent of the paired helical filaments (PHFs) of Alzheimer's disease is the abnormally phosphorylated form of the microtubule-associated protein, tau.

  23. Solution conformations and aggregational properties of synthetic amyloid beta-peptides of Alzheimer's disease. Analysis of circular dichroism spectra

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 36 out of 100. Journal of molecular biology 1992-06-01 Vascular contributions

    The A4 or beta-peptide (39 to 43 amino acid residues) is the principal proteinaceous component of amyloid deposits in Alzheimer's disease.

  24. Processing of beta-amyloid precursor protein in microglia and astrocytes favors an internal localization over constitutive secretion

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 36 out of 100. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 1991-12-01 Down syndrome and Alzheimer's

    Microglial cells and astrocytes are closely associated with nearly all compact deposits of the amyloid beta-protein found in the senile plaques characteristic of Alzheimer's disease and trisomy 21.

  25. A68 proteins in Alzheimer's disease are composed of several tau isoforms in a phosphorylated state which affects their electrophoretic mobilities

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 36 out of 100. The Biochemical journal 1991-11-01 Drug development

    The tau-immunoreactive A68 polypeptides found in brains from patients with Alzheimer's disease have been studied by Western blotting using (1) antibodies to synthetic peptides corresponding to sequences that span the complete human tau molecule, and (2) antibodies specific for inserts 1 and 2 found towards the N-terminus of some tau isoforms.

From across this topic

10 of the 1,352 studies in this topic, picked by a fixed rule (a hash of each study's address), not by score or date; each page of this list shows a different 10. The same 10 appear here every time.

Other topics